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人教初中英語易混淆單詞短語總結

發布時間: 2021-02-15 23:40:52

① 初中英語易混片語總結。

易混詞大盤點

從近年來的中考題可以看出命題者的目的都是要考查學生對一些較易混淆、形式上非常相近的詞(片語)是否能掌握扎實,是否熟悉每個片語的中文意思並能在句子中熟練運用。要想做對以上出現的類似的中考考題,考生必須能總結清各種初中階段所學過的較易混淆、形式上非常相近的詞(片語),熟記所有片語的中文意思,熟悉它們的用法和區別。為了方便同學們復習,特將常考易混詞(片語)整理如下:

一、容易混淆的動詞:

[考試說明] 了解及物動詞和不及物動詞用法;掌握動詞不定式作賓語、賓語補足語、狀語以及疑問詞連用構成不定式短語的基本用法;理解動詞不定式作主語和定語的用法;初步掌握延續性動詞和瞬間動詞在用法上的區別等。

1. come & be here

[誤] He has come here for three hours.

[正] He came here three hours ago.

[正] He has been here for three hours.

come是瞬間動詞,不是延續性動詞,在肯定句中不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。而要與表示一段時間的狀語連用,就要用延續動詞。

與此同類的還有borrow/lend-keep; join-be in/at; die-be dead; buy-have; leave-be away,etc.

2. cost & take & spend & pay

[誤] I cost a lot of time to read stories.

[正] It cost me a lot of time to read stories.

[正] I spent a lot of time reading stories.

cost除了錢的花費以外,還能表示時間上的花費,但常用物做主語。spend句子主語是人,可指花費時間和金錢,但後面的動詞要用-ing形式,後面也可跟名詞短語,介詞用on。pay句子主語是人,常與for連用,buy也常與for連用,但花費「錢」要放在介詞for後面,而pay則放在介詞for前面。

3. join & take part in

[誤] He joined the League for two years.

[正] He joined the League two years ago.

[正] He has been in the League for two years.

[正] He has been a League member for two years.

join指「參加」組織,成為一個成員,join sb.意思是「加入某人」,take part in指參加活動特別是大的運動;如指「參加…多長時間」就要用延續動詞be in或be a …member,而不能用join。

4. borrow & lend & keep

[誤] She has lent me the book for a week.

[正] She lent me the book a week ago.

[正] It』s a week since she lent me the book.

borrow和lend是短暫性動詞,在肯定句里不和表示一段時間的狀語連用,keep延續動詞,可與表示一段時間的狀語連用。

borrow意思是「借(進)」,後面跟介詞from,lend意思是「借(出)」,後面跟介詞to,lend也可用於某些成語中,如lend sb. a hand。

5. lie & lay & lain

[誤] She laid down the book and laid in bed.

[正] She laid down the book and lay in bed.

lie有兩個意思,一個是「說謊」,過去式和過去分詞是在詞尾加-d;另一個是「躺,卧;位於」,是不規則動詞,其過去式和過去分詞是lay、lain,現在分詞是lying。

lay意思是「放;孵(蛋)」,其過去式和過去分詞是laid、laid。

6. be made in & be made of & be made from & be made up of

[誤] The table is made from wood.

[正] The table is made of wood.

be made in意思是「由……生產」,強調產地;be made of意思是「用……製成」,強調從成品上能看出原料,製成物沒改變原料的本質;be made from意思也是「用……製成」,強調從製成物上看不出原料,製成物已改變原料的本質;be made up of意思是「由……構成或組成」,指人或物都可,指結構成分。

7. stop to do & stop doing

[誤] He was too tired, so he stopped having a rest.

[正] He was too tired, so he stopped to have a rest.

[誤] Look! The teacher is coming. We must stop to talk.

[正] Look! The teacher is coming. We must stop talking.

stop to do意思是「停下(正做的事)(開始)去做(別的某事)」,帶to的不定式在句子中作目的狀語;stop doing意思「停止做某事(不做了)」,帶-ing形式的動名詞在句子中作賓語。

一、容易混淆的動詞:

[考試說明] 了解及物動詞和不及物動詞用法;掌握動詞不定式作賓語、賓語補足語、狀語以及疑問詞連用構成不定式短語的基本用法;理解動詞不定式作主語和定語的用法;初步掌握延續性動詞和瞬間動詞在用法上的區別等。

1. come & be here

[誤] He has come here for three hours.

[正] He came here three hours ago.

[正] He has been here for three hours.

come是瞬間動詞,不是延續性動詞,在肯定句中不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。而要與表示一段時間的狀語連用,就要用延續動詞。

與此同類的還有borrow/lend-keep; join-be in/at; die-be dead; buy-have; leave-be away,etc.

2. cost & take & spend & pay

[誤] I cost a lot of time to read stories.

[正] It cost me a lot of time to read stories.

[正] I spent a lot of time reading stories.

cost除了錢的花費以外,還能表示時間上的花費,但常用物做主語。spend句子主語是人,可指花費時間和金錢,但後面的動詞要用-ing形式,後面也可跟名詞短語,介詞用on。pay句子主語是人,常與for連用,buy也常與for連用,但花費「錢」要放在介詞for後面,而pay則放在介詞for前面。

3. join & take part in

[誤] He joined the League for two years.

[正] He joined the League two years ago.

[正] He has been in the League for two years.

[正] He has been a League member for two years.

join指「參加」組織,成為一個成員,join sb.意思是「加入某人」,take part in指參加活動特別是大的運動;如指「參加…多長時間」就要用延續動詞be in或be a …member,而不能用join。

4. borrow & lend & keep

[誤] She has lent me the book for a week.

[正] She lent me the book a week ago.

[正] It』s a week since she lent me the book.

borrow和lend是短暫性動詞,在肯定句里不和表示一段時間的狀語連用,keep延續動詞,可與表示一段時間的狀語連用。

borrow意思是「借(進)」,後面跟介詞from,lend意思是「借(出)」,後面跟介詞to,lend也可用於某些成語中,如lend sb. a hand。

5. lie & lay & lain

[誤] She laid down the book and laid in bed.

[正] She laid down the book and lay in bed.

lie有兩個意思,一個是「說謊」,過去式和過去分詞是在詞尾加-d;另一個是「躺,卧;位於」,是不規則動詞,其過去式和過去分詞是lay、lain,現在分詞是lying。

lay意思是「放;孵(蛋)」,其過去式和過去分詞是laid、laid。

6. be made in & be made of & be made from & be made up of

[誤] The table is made from wood.

[正] The table is made of wood.

be made in意思是「由……生產」,強調產地;be made of意思是「用……製成」,強調從成品上能看出原料,製成物沒改變原料的本質;be made from意思也是「用……製成」,強調從製成物上看不出原料,製成物已改變原料的本質;be made up of意思是「由……構成或組成」,指人或物都可,指結構成分。

7. stop to do & stop doing

[誤] He was too tired, so he stopped having a rest.

[正] He was too tired, so he stopped to have a rest.

[誤] Look! The teacher is coming. We must stop to talk.

[正] Look! The teacher is coming. We must stop talking.

stop to do意思是「停下(正做的事)(開始)去做(別的某事)」,帶to的不定式在句子中作目的狀語;stop doing意思「停止做某事(不做了)」,帶-ing形式的動名詞在句子中作賓語。二、容易混淆的名詞:

[考試說明] 了解名詞在句中所充當的成分,理解並能區別所學的可數名詞和不可數名詞;熟練掌握所學可數名詞復數形式的構成,在口語和書面語的表達中正確運用;掌握物質名詞及其數量的表達方法;了解專有名詞的概念及一般用法;熟練掌握所學名詞所有格的用法;了解集合名詞和抽象名詞的概念及一般用法。

1. job & work

[誤] I』m busy today, for I have a lot of jobs to do.

[正] I』m busy today, for I have a lot of work to do.

job意思是a piece of work,指已做或要做、應做的具體的某種工作,實際含義是「職業」,而work通常指抽象意義上的工作,是不可數名詞,也可指「工作場所」。

2. by train & change trains

[誤] We came here by the train.

[正] We came here by train.

[正] We came here on/in the train.

[誤] We have to change the train at the next station.

[正] We have to change trains at the next station.

train意思是「火車」,表示「乘火車」,用by train或on/ the train,表示「換火車」,train必須用復數形式,且前面不加限定詞。
三、容易混淆的形容詞:

[考試說明] 熟練掌握形容詞作定語、表語及賓語補足語的用法;熟練掌握表示時間、地點、方式、程度、原因等疑問副詞的用法;熟練掌握形容詞、副詞比較等級的構成和 good、well、many、much等不規則變化;掌握little、far、ill、bad、badly等不規則變化;能熟練運用下列句型表示兩者 (人或事物)和三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比較;初步掌握用much、little等副詞在用法上的區別。

1. any & some

[誤] Have you got some money with you?

[正] Have you got any money with you?

[誤] Would you like any milk?

[正] Would you like some milk?

any和some意思是「一些」,用作定語,可修飾可數名詞和不可數名詞。any多用於否定句和疑問句,some多用於肯定句。

但如果說話人表示「請求,提議」或「希望得到肯定回答」的意義時,some也可用在疑問句中;some還可用於單數名詞前,表示未知或說話人不想特別說明的人、地、物等,意思是「某一,某個」。

如果表示「任何,無論哪個」時,any可用在肯定句中。

2. either & each & both & neither & every

[誤] There are many flowers on either side of the street.

[誤] There are many flowers on neither side of the street.

[誤] There are many flowers on each sides of the street.

[正] There are many flowers on both sides of the street.

[正] There are many flowers on each side of the street.

[誤] Every student has not finished their homework.

[正] No student has finished their homework.

either意思是「兩者之一的」,each意思是「任意一個的」,neither意思是「兩者都不的」,every強調整體,意思是「個個」。

3. few/little & a few /a little

[誤] Sorry, I have few money on me.

[正] Sorry, I have little money on me.

[誤] Her books are few.

[正] She has few books.

[誤] The work needs a few number of workers.

[正] The work needs a small number of workers.

[正] The work needs a few workers.

few後跟可數名詞復數,little後跟不可數名詞,都表示「幾乎沒有」的否定性意思;a few和a little區別也在於前者跟可數名詞,後者跟不可數名詞,都表示「有幾個」的肯定性意思。

4. no & not

no意思是「沒有」,可以否定一切名詞,修飾不可數名詞和可數名詞的復數時等於not any,修飾可數名詞單數時等於not a/an;如果被修飾的名詞通常情況下只有一個,則用它的單數形式;不能用a、the、all、every等限制詞之前,而not可以。

not意思是「不,不是」,可以否定一切動詞,修飾動詞。

no more than意思是「不過,僅僅」,相當於only,修飾「數量」詞,強調「少」的含義;not more than意思是「至多,不多於,不超過」,用於陳述事實;no more…than和not more…than多用於多音節形容詞的比較級。

5. already & yet & still

[誤] When we arrived at the airport, the plane had taken off yet.

[正] When we arrived at the airport, the plane had taken off already.

[正] When we arrived at the airport, the plane had already taken off.

already意思是「已經」,一般用於肯定句,常與完成時連用,常用於句中;yet意思是「已經,還」,一般用於否定句和疑問句,常用於句末;still意思是「仍然,還是」,強調動作在進行,主要用於肯定句,常用於句中。

6. also & too & either & so & neither & nor

[誤] My parents didn』t like swimming, nor did his.

[正] My parents didn』t like swimming, neither did his.

also用於肯定句,一般放在行為動詞之前、助動詞、情態動詞、系動詞之後,too一般用於肯定句末,前面常用逗號;either一般用於否定句末,前面也用逗號;so置於句首,引起句子倒裝,表示前面所講的情況也適用於另一個人或物,具有否定的意思;so後的主語與前一句主語是同一個人或物時,後面的主謂不倒裝,表示「確實如此」;neither置於句首,引起句子倒裝,表示前面所講的情況不適用於另一個人或物,具有否定的意思;nor常與 not連用,表示「也不」,neither和nor都可用來對前面的否定陳述加以補充,如果補充的成分否定的不是同一事物,同一內容,就只能用nor,不可用neither;當否定的並列分句有兩個以上時,只能用nor,因為neither只能指兩者中的一個,nor指三個以上的另一個。

7. sometimes & sometime & some time & some times

[誤] You can only keep the book for sometime.

[正] You can only keep the book for some time.

sometimes是頻度副詞,意思是「有時,不時」,常與一般現在時或一般過去時連用;sometime是副詞,意思是「在某個不確定的時間,在某個時候,某時」,可與將來時或過去時連用;some time是名詞片語,意思是「一段時間」,做時間狀語,也可用作副詞片語,用來指一個未肯定的時刻,常指將來,此時可與sometime通用;some times是名詞片語,意思是「幾次,幾倍」。
四、容易混淆的介詞:

[考試說明] 熟練掌握介詞in、on、at、to、from、by、with、for、about、before的常見用法;理解這11個介詞的其他用法及所學其他介詞的一般用法。

1. above & over; below & under

[誤] Our classroom is over theirs.

[正] Our classroom is above theirs.

[誤] The plane flew above the bridge.

[正] The plane flew over the bridge.

[誤] The lights hung above the desk.

[正] The lights hung over the desk.

above、over都表示「在…上面」,且都表示表面不接觸的上方,但over指垂直在上,而above則表示位置較高,不一定是正上方。

below、under都表示「在…下面」,below指位置低於某物或在某物的下方,但不一定在某物的正下方,其反義詞是above,而under指在某物的正下方,有垂直在下的意思,其反義詞是over。

2. by & on & over & through

[誤] They』re talking on the radio.

[正] They』re talking by radio.

「通過無線電交談」習慣上說talk by radio,名詞前不加冠詞。

「通過收音機聽到」習慣上說hear sth. on/over/through the radio,名詞前加冠詞。

「通過電視看到」習慣上說watch sth. on TV。

「通過電話交談」習慣上說talk with sb. on/over the telephone。

「通過人造衛星收發電視節目」習慣上說through man-made satellites。

3. in & on & to

[誤] Tian wan is to the east of China.

[誤] Tian wan is on the east of China.

[正] Tian wan is in the east of China.

表示方位「在……(東西南北)邊)時,介詞in、on、to有不同的用法。以「在……東部」為例,表示在該地范圍之內,用in the east of,表示在該地與某地「相鄰」,有接壤之意,用on the east of,表示不在該地范圍,且有中間物,用to the east of。

4. in the end & at the end of & by the end of & at last

都有「最後」的意思,但in the end表示「結果,末了」,與at last是同義片語,at the end of表示「在……末端,盡頭」,後面要接名詞短語,by the end of表示「在……結束時,末了為止」,後面接時間短語。

5. to & for & toward(s)

[誤] He is leaving to HongKong next month.

[正] He is leaving for HongKong next month.

to,toward(s)作靜態介詞,表示靜態位置時,均表示「朝……」或「向……」,一般兩者可通用,towards指時間「將近」,意思是 nearly;to則表示一段時間的終點,「差……到」的意思;for常用在leave、start等後面,表示要去的目的地,不可用to。
五、容易混淆的連詞:

[考試說明] 掌握並列連詞(如:and、but、or)和從屬連詞(如:when、if、that等)的基本用法。

1. because & since & as & for

[誤] Because he was ill, so he didn』t go to school today.

[正] Because he was ill, he didn』t go to school today.

[正] He didn』t go to school today because he was ill.

because通常表示說話人認為這種理由或原因是正式的理由。在含because的句子中,全句強調的重點在原因上,不在主句的結果上。因此,回答why提出的問題時,只能用because,不能用since、as或for。because of後面只能跟短語,不能跟從句。

since表示的原因,指人們已知的事實,常譯為「既然」,引導的從句只是一種附帶的說明原因,不是對原因的強調。because與since不能與so連用。

as表示原因與since差別不大,只是語氣更弱,是顯而易見的理由。

for表示因果關系時,可與because替換使用,所不同的只是它只能放在主句之後,不能放在句首。在含for的句子里,for從句有時只是對主句補充說明理由或推斷原因,與前一分句不存在因果關系。

2.either…or… & neither…nor… & not only…but also… & both…and…

[誤] Either he or I are right.

[正] Either he or I am right.

前三個連詞連接名詞、代詞等作主語時,謂語動詞要與離其最近的主語的單復數一致,both…and…的謂語動詞則要用復數。

六、容易混淆的代詞:

[考試說明] 熟練掌握人稱代詞主格、賓格形式及基本用法,在口語和書面語的表達中正確運用;掌握形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的基本用法;掌握反身代詞作為賓語和同位語的基本用法;熟練掌握指示代詞和疑問代詞的基本用法。

1. either & each & none & neither & both & all & some

[誤] Either of the books are good.

[正] Either of the books is good.

either/ each / none / neither of+復數名詞或代詞作主語時,謂語動詞用單數, 其中neither的也可用復數;both/ all /some of+復數名詞或代詞作主語時,謂語動詞用復數

② 求英語 易混淆詞/片語 總結

look after 是照顧的意襲思
look out是注意
look around是看周圍
look over 是查看
cut up是把什麼切成多少片
cut down 是砍倒
apart A from B是把A從B中分離出去
except是相同性質的事物中,除了…………
except for 是不同性質的事物中,除了…………
lend是借東西給別人,borrow是從別人那裡借東西

③ 初中易混片語單詞和重要片語單詞(中考用)

初中英語容易混淆單詞/片語
從近年來的中考題可以看出命題者的目的都是要考查學生對一些較易混淆、形式上非常相近的詞(片語)是否能掌握扎實,是否熟悉每個片語的中文意思並能在句子中熟練運用。要想做對以上出現的類似的中考考題,考生必須能總結清各種初中階段所學過的較易混淆、形式上非常相近的詞(片語),熟記所有片語的中文意思,熟悉它們的用法和區別。為了方便同學們復習,特將常考易混詞(片語)整理如下:
一、容易混淆的動詞:
[考試說明] 了解及物動詞和不及物動詞用法;掌握動詞不定式作賓語、賓語補足語、狀語以及疑問詞連用構成不定式短語的基本用法;理解動詞不定式作主語和定語的用法;初步掌握延續性動詞和瞬間動詞在用法上的區別等。
1. come & be here
[誤] He has come here for three hours.
[正] He came here three hours ago.
[正] He has been here for three hours.
come是瞬間動詞,不是延續性動詞,在肯定句中不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。而要與表示一段時間的狀語連用,就要用延續動詞。 與此同類的還有borrow/lend-keep; join-be in/at; die-be dead; buy-have; leave-be away,etc.
2. cost & take & spend & pay
[誤] I cost a lot of time to read stories.
[正] It cost me a lot of time to read stories.
[正] I spent a lot of time reading stories.
cost除了錢的花費以外,還能表示時間上的花費,但常用物做主語。spend句子主語是人,可指花費時間和金錢,但後面的動詞要用-ing形式,後面也可跟名詞短語,介詞用on。pay句子主語是人,常與for連用,buy也常與for連用,但花費「錢」要放在介詞for後面,而pay則放在介詞for前面。
3. join & take part in
[誤] He joined the League for two years.
[正] He joined the League two years ago.
[正] He has been in the League for two years.
[正] He has been a League member for two years.
join指「參加」組織,成為一個成員,join sb.意思是「加入某人」,take part in指參加活動特別是大的運動;如指「參加…多長時間」就要用延續動詞be in或be a …member,而不能用join。
4. borrow & lend & keep
[誤] She has lent me the book for a week.
[正] She lent me the book a week ago.
[正] It』s a week since she lent me the book.
borrow和lend是短暫性動詞,在肯定句里不和表示一段時間的狀語連用,keep延續動詞,可與表示一段時間的狀語連用。 borrow意思是「借(進)」,後面跟介詞from,lend意思是「借(出)」,後面跟介詞to,lend也可用於某些成語中,如lend sb. a hand。
5. lie & lay & lain
[誤] She laid down the book and laid in bed.
[正] She laid down the book and lay in bed.
lie有兩個意思,一個是「說謊」,過去式和過去分詞是在詞尾加-d;另一個是「躺,卧;位於」,是不規則動詞,其過去式和過去分詞是lay、lain,現在分詞是lying。 lay意思是「放;孵(蛋)」,其過去式和過去分詞是laid、laid。
6. be made in & be made of & be made from & be made up of
[誤] The table is made from wood.
[正] The table is made of wood.
be made in意思是「由……生產」,強調產地;be made of意思是「用……製成」,強調從成品上能看出原料,製成物沒改變原料的本質;be made from意思也是「用……製成」,強調從製成物上看不出原料,製成物已改變原料的本質;be made up of意思是「由……構成或組成」,指人或物都可,指結構成分。
7. stop to do & stop doing
[誤] He was too tired, so he stopped having a rest.
[正] He was too tired, so he stopped to have a rest.
[誤] Look! The teacher is coming. We must stop to talk.
[正] Look! The teacher is coming. We must stop talking.
stop to do意思是「停下(正做的事)(開始)去做(別的某事)」,帶to的不定式在句子中作目的狀語;stop doing意思「停止做某事(不做了)」,帶-ing形式的動名詞在句子中作賓語。
二、容易混淆的名詞:
[考試說明] 了解名詞在句中所充當的成分,理解並能區別所學的可數名詞和不可數名詞;熟練掌握所學可數名詞復數形式的構成,在口語和書面語的表達中正確運用;掌握物質名詞及其數量的表達方法;了解專有名詞的概念及一般用法;熟練掌握所學名詞所有格的用法;了解集合名詞和抽象名詞的概念及一般用法。
1. job & work
[誤] I』m busy today, for I have a lot of jobs to do.
[正] I』m busy today, for I have a lot of work to do.
job意思是a piece of work,指已做或要做、應做的具體的某種工作,實際含義是「職業」,而work通常指抽象意義上的工作,是不可數名詞,也可指「工作場所」。
2. by train & change trains
[誤] We came here by the train.
[正] We came here by train.
[正] We came here on/in the train.
[誤] We have to change the train at the next station.
[正] We have to change trains at the next station.
train意思是「火車」,表示「乘火車」,用by train或on/ the train,表示「換火車」,train必須用復數形式,且前面不加限定詞。
三、容易混淆的形容詞:
[考試說明] 熟練掌握形容詞作定語、表語及賓語補足語的用法;熟練掌握表示時間、地點、方式、程度、原因等疑問副詞的用法;熟練掌握形容詞、副詞比較等級的構成和 good、well、many、much等不規則變化;掌握little、far、ill、bad、badly等不規則變化;能熟練運用下列句型表示兩者 (人或事物)和三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比較;初步掌握用much、little等副詞在用法上的區別。
1. any & some
[誤] Have you got some money with you?
[正] Have you got any money with you?
[誤] Would you like any milk?
[正] Would you like some milk?
any和some意思是「一些」,用作定語,可修飾可數名詞和不可數名詞。any多用於否定句和疑問句,some多用於肯定句。 但如果說話人表示「請求,提議」或「希望得到肯定回答」的意義時,some也可用在疑問句中;some還可用於單數名詞前,表示未知或說話人不想特別說明的人、地、物等,意思是「某一,某個」。 如果表示「任何,無論哪個」時,any可用在肯定句中。
2. either & each & both & neither & every
[誤] There are many flowers on either side of the street.
[誤] There are many flowers on neither side of the street.
[誤] There are many flowers on each sides of the street.
[正] There are many flowers on both sides of the street.
[正] There are many flowers on each side of the street.
[誤] Every student has not finished their homework.
[正] No student has finished their homework.
either意思是「兩者之一的」,each意思是「任意一個的」,neither意思是「兩者都不的」,every強調整體,意思是「個個」。
3. few/little & a few /a little
[誤] Sorry, I have few money on me.
[正] Sorry, I have little money on me.
[誤] Her books are few.
[正] She has few books.
[誤] The work needs a few number of workers.
[正] The work needs a small number of workers.
[正] The work needs a few workers.
few後跟可數名詞復數,little後跟不可數名詞,都表示「幾乎沒有」的否定性意思;a few和a little區別也在於前者跟可數名詞,後者跟不可數名詞,都表示「有幾個」的肯定性意思。
4. no & not
no意思是「沒有」,可以否定一切名詞,修飾不可數名詞和可數名詞的復數時等於not any,修飾可數名詞單數時等於not a/an;如果被修飾的名詞通常情況下只有一個,則用它的單數形式;不能用a、the、all、every等限制詞之前,而not可以。 not意思是「不,不是」,可以否定一切動詞,修飾動詞。 no more than意思是「不過,僅僅」,相當於only,修飾「數量」詞,強調「少」的含義;not more than意思是「至多,不多於,不超過」,用於陳述事實;no more…than和not more…than多用於多音節形容詞的比較級。
5. already & yet & still
[誤] When we arrived at the airport, the plane had taken off yet.
[正] When we arrived at the airport, the plane had taken off already.
[正] When we arrived at the airport, the plane had already taken off. already意思是「已經」,一般用於肯定句,常與完成時連用,常用於句中;yet意思是「已經,還」,一般用於否定句和疑問句,常用於句末;still意思是「仍然,還是」,強調動作在進行,主要用於肯定句,常用於句中。
6. also & too & either & so & neither & nor
[誤] My parents didn』t like swimming, nor did his.
[正] My parents didn』t like swimming, neither did his.
also用於肯定句,一般放在行為動詞之前、助動詞、情態動詞、系動詞之後,too一般用於肯定句末,前面常用逗號;either一般用於否定句末,前面也用逗號;so置於句首,引起句子倒裝,表示前面所講的情況也適用於另一個人或物,具有否定的意思;so後的主語與前一句主語是同一個人或物時,後面的主謂不倒裝,表示「確實如此」;neither置於句首,引起句子倒裝,表示前面所講的情況不適用於另一個人或物,具有否定的意思;nor常與 not連用,表示「也不」,neither和nor都可用來對前面的否定陳述加以補充,如果補充的成分否定的不是同一事物,同一內容,就只能用nor,不可用neither;當否定的並列分句有兩個以上時,只能用nor,因為neither只能指兩者中的一個,nor指三個以上的另一個。
7. sometimes & sometime & some time & some times
[誤] You can only keep the book for sometime.
[正] You can only keep the book for some time. sometimes是頻度副詞,意思是「有時,不時」,常與一般現在時或一般過去時連用;sometime是副詞,意思是「在某個不確定的時間,在某個時候,某時」,可與將來時或過去時連用;some time是名詞片語,意思是「一段時間」,做時間狀語,也可用作副詞片語,用來指一個未肯定的時刻,常指將來,此時可與sometime通用;some times是名詞片語,意思是「幾次,幾倍」。
四、容易混淆的介詞:
[考試說明] 熟練掌握介詞in、on、at、to、from、by、with、for、about、before的常見用法;理解這11個介詞的其他用法及所學其他介詞的一般用法。
1. above & over; below & under
[誤] Our classroom is over theirs.
[正] Our classroom is above theirs.
[誤] The plane flew above the bridge.
[正] The plane flew over the bridge.
[誤] The lights hung above the desk.
[正] The lights hung over the desk.
above、over都表示「在…上面」,且都表示表面不接觸的上方,但over指垂直在上,而above則表示位置較高,不一定是正上方。 below、under都表示「在…下面」,below指位置低於某物或在某物的下方,但不一定在某物的正下方,其反義詞是above,而under指在某物的正下方,有垂直在下的意思,其反義詞是over。
2. by & on & over & through
[誤] They』re talking on the radio.
[正] They』re talking by radio.
「通過無線電交談」習慣上說talk by radio,名詞前不加冠詞。 「通過收音機聽到」習慣上說hear sth. on/over/through the radio,名詞前加冠詞。 「通過電視看到」習慣上說watch sth. on TV。 「通過電話交談」習慣上說talk with sb. on/over the telephone。 「通過人造衛星收發電視節目」習慣上說through man-made satellites。
3. in & on & to
[誤] Tian wan is to the east of China.
[誤] Tian wan is on the east of China.
[正] Tian wan is in the east of China. 表示方位「在……(東西南北)邊)時,介詞in、on、to有不同的用法。以「在……東部」為例,表示在該地范圍之內,用in the east of,表示在該地與某地「相鄰」,有接壤之意,用on the east of,表示不在該地范圍,且有中間物,用to the east of。
4. in the end & at the end of & by the end of & at last
都有「最後」的意思,但in the end表示「結果,末了」,與at last是同義片語,at the end of表示「在……末端,盡頭」,後面要接名詞短語,by the end of表示「在……結束時,末了為止」,後面接時間短語。
5. to & for & toward(s)
[誤] He is leaving to HongKong next month.
[正] He is leaving for HongKong next month. to,toward(s)作靜態介詞,表示靜態位置時,均表示「朝……」或「向……」,一般兩者可通用,towards指時間「將近」,意思是 nearly;to則表示一段時間的終點,「差……到」的意思;for常用在leave、start等後面,表示要去的目的地,不可用to。
五、容易混淆的連詞:
[考試說明] 掌握並列連詞(如:and、but、or)和從屬連詞(如:when、if、that等)的基本用法。
1. because & since & as & for
[誤] Because he was ill, so he didn』t go to school today.
[正] Because he was ill, he didn』t go to school today.
[正] He didn』t go to school today because he was ill.
because通常表示說話人認為這種理由或原因是正式的理由。在含because的句子中,全句強調的重點在原因上,不在主句的結果上。因此,回答why提出的問題時,只能用because,不能用since、as或for。because of後面只能跟短語,不能跟從句。 since表示的原因,指人們已知的事實,常譯為「既然」,引導的從句只是一種附帶的說明原因,不是對原因的強調。because與since不能與so連用。 as表示原因與since差別不大,只是語氣更弱,是顯而易見的理由。 for表示因果關系時,可與because替換使用,所不同的只是它只能放在主句之後,不能放在句首。在含for的句子里,for從句有時只是對主句補充說明理由或推斷原因,與前一分句不存在因果關系。
2.either…or… & neither…nor… & not only…but also… & both…and…
[誤] Either he or I are right.
[正] Either he or I am right.
前三個連詞連接名詞、代詞等作主語時,謂語動詞要與離其最近的主語的單復數一致,both…and…的謂語動詞則要用復數。
六、容易混淆的代詞:
[考試說明] 熟練掌握人稱代詞主格、賓格形式及基本用法,在口語和書面語的表達中正確運用;掌握形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的基本用法;掌握反身代詞作為賓語和同位語的基本用法;熟練掌握指示代詞和疑問代詞的基本用法。
1. either & each & none & neither & both & all & some
[誤] Either of the books are good.
[正] Either of the books is good.
either/ each / none / neither of+復數名詞或代詞作主語時,謂語動詞用單數, 其中neither的也可用復數;both/ all /some of+復數名詞或代詞作主語時,謂語動詞用復數

④ 初三英語容易混淆的單詞,短語有哪些

be used to do 被用來做
be used to doing/sth 習慣於
used to do 過去常常

go on /start等一些單詞後加 to do (不同的事)
doing (同一種事)

attend a meeting/a leature/a club
attend school=go to school
join +sb
組織
興趣小組內
take part in =join in +活動(學科競賽容)
報名參加 enter for

try to do 努力做某事
doing 嘗試做某事

這些是我有點搞的(自己整理),不知有用否。

⑤ 初中英語中易混的短語

1. turn on 把......打開來
turn off 把..... 關上自
turn up 把.....調大
turn down 把......關小;調低
2.look out 當心
look out of 向......外看
3.put up 張貼,懸掛
put down 把.....放下
puton 把......穿上
put off 推遲
還有很多,就先打這幾組吧

⑥ 人教版初中英語重點語法和重點短語和句子總結

你可以買一本5。3上面都有 至於我一一總結幾乎不可能!太多了 不過我可以給你一些短語 這是極限了!!希望採納A) 動詞 + 介詞 agree with 同意......的意見(想法);符合 base on 以......(為)根據 listen to 聽...... get to 到達...... fall off (從......)掉下 help ... with ... 幫助(某人)做(某事) knock at /on 敲(門、窗) laugh at 嘲笑 learn ... from ... 向......學習 live on 繼續存在;靠......生活 look after 照顧,照看 look at 看;觀看 look for 尋找 look like 看起來像 pay for (sth.) 付錢;支付 point at 指示;指向 point to 指向...... prefer to ... 寧願(選擇); 更喜歡 quarrel with (和某人)吵架 regard ... as ... 把......當作......;當作 stop ... from 阻止......做...... talk about 說話;談話;談論 talk with 與......交談 think about 考慮 think of 認為;想起 B) 動詞 + 副詞 ask for 請求;詢問 carry on 堅持下去;繼續下去 cut down 砍倒 clean up 清除;收拾干凈 come down 下來;落 come along 來;隨同 come in 進來 come on 來吧;跟著來;趕快 come out 出來 ;出現;(花) 開;發(芽) come over 過來;順便來訪 drop off 放下(某物);下車 eat up 吃光;吃完 fall behind 落在......後面;輸給別人 fall down 跌倒;從......落下 find out 查出(真相) get back 回來;取回 get down 下來;落下;把......取下來 get off 下來;從......下來 get on 上(車) get up 起床 give up 放棄 go on 繼續 go out 出去 go over 過一遍;仔細檢查 grow up 長大;成長 hand in 交上來 hold on (口語)等一等; (打電話時)不掛斷 hurry up 趕快 look out 留神;注意 look over (仔細)檢查 look up 向上看;抬頭看 pass on 傳遞;轉移到...... pick up 拾起;撿起 put away 放好;把......收起來 put on 穿上;戴上;(戲劇等)上演;放(唱片等) put down 把(某物) 放下來 put up 掛起;舉起 run away 流失;逃跑;逃走 rush out 沖出去 set off 出發;動身;啟程 send up 發射;把......往上送 shut down 把......關上 sit down 坐下 slow down 減緩;減速 take off 脫掉(衣服) take out 取出 throw about 亂丟;拋撒 trip over (被 ......)絆倒 try on 試穿 (衣服、鞋等);試戴(帽子等) try out 試驗;嘗試 turn down 關小;調低 turn on 打開(電燈、收音機、煤氣、自來水等) turn off 關(電燈、收音機、煤氣、自來水等) turn over (使)翻過來 wake up 醒來 wear out 把......穿舊;磨壞 work out 算出;制訂出 write down 寫下...... C) be + 形容詞 + 介詞 be angry with 對(某人)發脾氣 be interested in對......感興趣 be able to 能;會 be afraid of 害怕 be amazed at 對......感到驚訝 be excited about 對......感到興奮 be filled with 用......充滿 be full of 充滿 ......的 be good at (= do well in ) 在......方面做得好;善於 be late for 遲到 be made in 在......生產或製造 be made of 由......組成 ;由......構成 be pleased with 對......感到滿意 be proud of 以......自豪(高興) be used for 用於 D) 動詞 + 名詞 / 代詞 beg one\'s pardon 請原諒;對不起 do morning exercises 做早操 do one\'s homework 做作業 enjoy oneself (= have a good time) 過得快樂;玩得愉快 give a concert 開音樂會 go boating 去劃船 go fishing 去釣魚 go hiking 去徒步旅行 go skating 去滑冰 go shopping (去)買東西 have a cold (患)感冒 have a cough (患)咳嗽 have a headache (患)頭痛 have a try 嘗試;努力 have a look 看一看 have a rest 休息 have a seat (= take a seat ) 就坐;坐下 have sports 進行體育活動 have supper 吃晚餐 hear of 聽說 hold a sports meeting 舉行運動會 make a decision 作出決定 make a mistake 犯錯誤 make a noise 吵鬧 make faces 做鬼臉 make friends 交朋友 make money 賺錢 take one\'s place 坐某人的座位;代替某人的職務 teach oneself (=learn by oneself ) 自學 take photos 照相 take time 花費(時間) take turns 輪流 watch TV 看電視 E) 動詞 + 名詞 / 代詞 / 副詞 + 介詞 catch up with 趕上 come up with 找到;提出(答案、解決辦法等) get on well with與......相處融洽 give birth to 生(孩子) help yourself / yourselves to 自取;隨便吃 make room for 給......騰出地方 play a joke on 戲弄人;對人惡作劇 speak highly of 稱贊 say good bye to 告別;告辭 take an active part in 積極參加 take care of 照顧;照料;注意 F) 其他類型 be awake 醒著的 be born 出生 be busy doing 忙著做...... come true 實現 do one\'s best 盡最大努力 fall asleep 睡覺;入睡 go home 回家 go on doing (sth.) 繼續做某事 ;盡力 get married 結婚 get together 相聚 go straight along 沿著......一直往前走 had better (do) 最好(做......) keep doing sth. 一直做某事 make sure 確保;確認;查明 make up one\'s mind 下決心

⑦ 初中英語必背單詞語法短語總結(人教)

鬼畫符第三

⑧ 初中英語 易混淆的短語

put on
1. 上演,演出
She took off the old dress and put on a new one.
她脫下舊連衣裙,穿上一件新的。
2. 穿上,戴上
3. 假裝;誇大
put up

1. 建造
They put up a tent by the fire.
他們在火堆旁搭起了一個帳篷。
2. 供給...住宿
We can put all of you up for the night.
我們可以安排你們所有人過夜。

put out
1. 伸出
It's dangerous to put out your hand now.
現在你把手伸出去是危險的。
2. 熄滅
Put out the fire before going to bed.
睡覺之前先熄掉爐火。
3. 出版
4. 使不方便,打擾
Her parents felt put out when she brought some classmates to stay over.
她帶一些同學回家過夜,她父母覺得不方便。
We felt put out by the guest's incessant requests.
客人不斷的要求令我們覺得受打擾。

我也馬上就要中考了這一類的詞還有很多如come out come in take off take away
你只要考前整理一下看看就可以啦
祝你好運

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