剛體力學英語怎麼說及英文單詞
⑴ 物理剛體力學
m下滑到來底，自機械能守恆：v=√(2gh) ，(1)
m與M碰撞，角動量守恆：m.v.L=J.ω， (2) ，其中，J=(M.L^2/3+m.L^2)ω，
碰撞後系統 機械能守恆 ：J.ω^/2=MgL(1-cosθ)+Mg(L/2)(1-cosθ) ，(3)
由以上3個式可解得θ 。
⑵ 剛體力學。。
動量矩守恆 ：m.v0(L/2)=J.ω
ω=m.v0(L/2)/J=m.v0(L/2)/(mL^2/12+m(L/2)^2)=3v0/(2L)
⑶ 求有關剛體力學的英文文獻 急！
剛體力學 rigid body mechanics
這里有啊
http://www.multires.caltech.e/teaching/courses/cs101.3.spring02/cs101_files/notes/RigidBodyMechanics.pdf
In physics, a rigid body is an idealization of a solid body of finite size in which deformation is neglected. In other words, the distance between any two given points of a rigid body remains constant in time regardless of external forces exerted on it. In classical mechanics a rigid body is usually considered as a continuous mass distribution, while in quantum mechanics a rigid body is usually thought of as a collection of point masses. For instance, in quantum mechanics molecules (consisting of the point masses: electrons and nuclei) are often seen as rigid bodies (see classification of molecules as rigid rotors).
Kinematics
[edit] Position
The position of a rigid body can be described by a combination of a translation and a rotation from a given reference position. For this purpose a reference frame is chosen that is rigidly connected to the body (see also below). This is typically referred to as a "local" reference frame (L). The position of its origin and the orientation of its axes with respect to a given "global" or "world" reference frame (G) represent the position of the body. The position of G not necessarily coincides with the initial position of L.
Thus, the position of a rigid body has two components: linear and angular, respectively. Each can be represented by a vector. The angular position is also called orientation. There are several methods to describe numerically the orientation of a rigid body (see orientation). In general, if the rigid body moves, both its linear and angular position vary with time. In the kinematic sense, these changes are referred to as translation and rotation, respectively.
All the points of the body change their position ring a rotation about a fixed axis, except for those lying on the rotation axis. If the rigid body has any rotational symmetry, not all orientations are distinguishable, except by observing how the orientation evolves in time from a known starting orientation.
In two dimensions the situation is similar. In one dimension a "rigid body" can not move (continuously change) from one orientation to the other.
[edit] Other quantities
If C is the origin of the local reference frame L,
the (linear or translational) velocity of a rigid body is defined as the velocity of C;
the (linear or translational) acceleration of a rigid body is defined as the acceleration of C (sometimes referred at material acceleration);
the angular (or rotational) velocity of a rigid body is defined as the time derivative of its angular position (see angular velocity of a rigid body);
the angular (or rotational) acceleration of a rigid body is defined as the time derivative of its angular velocity (see angular acceleration of a rigid body);
the spatial or twist acceleration of a rigid body is defined as the spatial acceleration of C (as opposed to material acceleration above);
For any point/particle of a moving rigid body we have
where
represents the position of the point/particle with respect to the reference point of the body in terms of the local frame L (the rigidity of the body means that this does not depend on time)
represents the position of the point/particle at time
represents the position of the reference point of the body (the origin of local frame L) at time
is the orientation matrix, an orthogonal matrix with determinant 1, representing the orientation (angular position) of the local frame L, with respect to the arbitrary reference orientation of frame G. Think of this matrix as three orthogonal unit vectors, one in each column, which define the orientation of the axes of frame L with respect to G.
represents the angular velocity of the rigid body
represents the total velocity of the point/particle
represents the translational velocity (i.e. the velocity of the origin of frame L)
represents the total acceleration of the point/particle
represents the translational acceleration (i.e. the acceleration of the origin of frame L)
represents the angular acceleration of the rigid body
represents the spatial acceleration of the point/particle
represents the spatial acceleration of the rigid body (i.e. the spatial acceleration of the origin of frame L)
In 2D the angular velocity is a scalar, and matrix A(t) simply represents a rotation in the xy-plane by an angle which is the integral of the angular velocity over time.
Vehicles, walking people, etc. usually rotate according to changes in the direction of the velocity: they move forward with respect to their own orientation. Then, if the body follows a closed orbit in a plane, the angular velocity integrated over a time interval in which the orbit is completed once, is an integer times 360°. This integer is the winding number with respect to the origin of the velocity. Compare the amount of rotation associated with the vertices of a polygon.
[edit] Kinetics
Main article: Rigid body dynamics
Any point that is rigidly connected to the body can be used as reference point (origin of frame L) to describe the linear motion of the body (the linear position, velocity and acceleration vectors depend on the choice).
However, depending on the application, a convenient choice may be:
the center of mass of the whole system;
a point such that the translational motion is zero or simplified, e.g on an axle or hinge, at the center of a ball-and-socket joint, etc.
When the center of mass is used as reference point:
The (linear) momentum is independent of the rotational motion. At any time it is equal to the total mass of the rigid body times the translational velocity.
The angular momentum with respect to the center of mass is the same as without translation: at any time it is equal to the inertia tensor times the angular velocity. When the angular velocity is expressed with respect to the principal axes frame of the body, each component of the angular momentum is a proct of a moment of inertia (a principal value of the inertia tensor) times the corresponding component of the angular velocity; the torque is the inertia tensor times the angular acceleration.
Possible motions in the absence of external forces are translation with constant velocity, steady rotation about a fixed principal axis, and also torque-free precession.
The net external force on the rigid body is always equal to the total mass times the translational acceleration (i.e., Newton's second law holds for the translational motion, even when the net external torque is nonnull, and/or the body rotates).
The total kinetic energy is simply the sum of translational and rotational energy.
[edit] Geometry
Two rigid bodies are said to be different (not copies) if there is no proper rotation from one to the other. A rigid body is called chiral if its mirror image is different in that sense, i.e., if it has either no symmetry or its symmetry group contains only proper rotations. In the opposite case an object is called achiral: the mirror image is a , not a different object. Such an object may have a symmetry plane, but not necessarily: there may also be a plane of reflection with respect to which the image of the object is a rotated version. The latter applies for S2n, of which the case n = 1 is inversion symmetry.
For a (rigid) rectangular transparent sheet, inversion symmetry corresponds to having on one side an image without rotational symmetry and on the other side an image such that what shines through is the image at the top side, upside down. We can distinguish two cases:
the sheet surface with the image is not symmetric - in this case the two sides are different, but the mirror image of the object is the same, after a rotation by 180° about the axis perpendicular to the mirror plane.
the sheet surface with the image has a symmetry axis - in this case the two sides are the same, and the mirror image of the object is also the same, again after a rotation by 180° about the axis perpendicular to the mirror plane.
A sheet with a through and through image is achiral. We can distinguish again two cases:
the sheet surface with the image has no symmetry axis - the two sides are different
the sheet surface with the image has a symmetry axis - the two sides are the same
[edit] Configuration space
The configuration space of a rigid body with one point fixed (i.e., a body with zero translational motion) is given by the underlying manifold of the rotation group SO(3). The configuration space of a nonfixed (with non-zero translational motion) rigid body is E+(3), the subgroup of direct isometries of the Euclidean group in three dimensions (combinations of translations and rotations).
⑷ 幫忙翻譯力學專業英語
6．(1)Equate to zero the moment about one point and the force sums in two directions. This is the approach of Eqs.(2a,b).
對某點的力矩的和，和在倆個方向上力的和等於零
(2) )Equate to zero the moment sums about two points and the force sum in a direction that is not perpendicular to the line connecting the two chosen points.
對兩點的力矩的和，和在一個方向上力的和等於零，這個方向與所選的兩點的連接不垂直
(3)Equate to zero the moment sums about three points that are not collinear.
對不共線的三點的力矩的和等於零
7．(1)A particle will remain at rest or move with constant speed along a straight line, unless it is acted upon by a resultant force.
一個質點，在沒有受到合外力作用時，總保持靜止或勻速直線運動狀態
(2)When a resultant force is exerted on a particle, the acceleration of that particle is parallel to the direction of the force and the magnitude of the acceleration is proportional to the magnitude of the force.
當一個質點受到合外力作用時，質點加速度的方向與合外力的方向相平行，而且加速度的大小與力的大小成正比
(3)The force exerted on one particle by another is equal and opposite to the force exerted by the first particle on the second.
一個質點對另一個質點的作用力與第二個質點對第一個質點的作用力大小相等，方向相反
8.The motion of a rigid body consists of a superposition of two movements.The first part consists of a movement of all points following the motion of an arbitrarily selected point in the body. The second movement is a rotation about the selected point in which all lines rotate by the same amount.
一個剛體的運動有兩個重疊的運動組成。第一部分包括一個所有點都跟隨剛體上任意基點的平動的運動。第二部分的運動是關於幾點的轉動，在轉動中過基點所有的線以相同的角速度轉動
15.As mentioned previously, the dynamic effect,I.e.,the influence of inertia forces on the process of stress development in a body, depends on the dynamic loading conditions. These are quasi-static states of stress, vibrations, and stress waves. The limits between these groups are not clearly defined, however, and frequently the phenomena associated with more than one group can occur in the same dynamic event .
如前所述，動態力的影響，即慣性力是一個物體的應力變化過程的影響，取決於動態負載的情況，可分為三種典型現象。他們分別是（1）准靜態應力狀態（2）振動和（3）應力波動。這三組的界限，不是清楚地被定義的。然而，經常地聯系不止一個組的現象，能發生在同一個動力學的問題中
⑸ 大學物理剛體力學問題
由機械能守恆你以求出
碰撞前桿角百速度ω度
。
由動量矩守恆
：
J.ω=J.ω'+v.m.L
(1)
,
ω'--碰撞後問桿角速度
，v--碰撞後物塊速度
完全彈性碰撞，碰撞前後動能答不變
：
J.ω^2/2=J.ω'^2/2+mv^2/2
(2)
(1)
(2)聯立可解得
ω'
和
v
取物塊m
：a=-μ專mg/m=-μg
,
勻加速v-s公式
0-v^2=2a.s
-->物塊滑過屬的距離
s=-v^2/(2a)=v^2/(2μg)
⑹ 剛體力學是什麼〉〉
是與流體力學相對應的一個物理力學門類。
⑺ 剛體力 英文怎麼說
剛體力學:
1. geostatics
剛體力應該是rigid body
其它相關解釋:
<mechanics of rigid bodies> <mechanics of rigid body>
⑻ 1——20的英文翻譯
1-20的英文翻譯及讀音如下：
1.one [wQn]
2. two [tu:]
3. three [Wri:]
4. four [fC:]
5. five [faiv]
6. six [siks]
7. seven ['sevEn]
8. eight[eIt]
9. nine [nain]
10.ten [ten]
11.eleven [i'levEn]
12.twelve [twelv]
13.thirteen ['WE:'ti:n]
14.fourteen ['fC:'ti:n]
15.fifteen ['fif'ti:n]
16.sixteen ['siks'ti:n]
17 .seveteen ['sevEn'ti:n]
18 .eighteen ['eI'ti:n]
19.nineteen ['nain'ti:n]
20.twenty ['twenti]
一、one釋義
cardinal number：一；一個
pron：那個人；那個東西；那種人；一個人；任何人
復數：ones
例句：
1.Beginning at Act one, Scene one.
從第一幕第一場開始。
2.One unit is equivalent to one glass of wine.
一個單位等於一杯酒。
相關片語
1.one of…之一;其中之一
2.one day一天;一日
3.one year一年
4.one hand一方面
5.one thing一回事;一件事;某一事物
二、two釋義
cardinal number兩；兩個
復數：twos
例句：
1.Item two statute books ... item two drums.
此外還有兩部法令匯編… 還有兩面鼓。
2.Two of its toes point forward and two point back.
它的兩個腳指頭朝著前面,兩個腳指頭朝著後面。
相關片語
1.two thirds三分之二
2.two hundred二百;200;兩百
3.two more再來兩個;又兩個;多兩個
4.two times兩次;兩倍;兩遍
⑼ 剛體力學
當沖量的（力的）作用點與質心的連線就是力的方向時，這種情況最簡單，就是直線運動，不轉的。（正反方向這么簡單的問題，能問出這個題的人應該不用我說了）
當連線和沖量方向不一樣的時候，用機械能守恆+動量守恆+角動量守恆三個方程聯立就可以解決，還是比較簡單的（看數據湊的好不好了，這里未知量比較多，我就不具體寫了，格式很麻煩）。可以給你一個大概的模型，就是這個物體向著P的方向前進，但是同時再繞自己的 質心 轉動。
至於為什麼會繞著質心轉動，我覺得解釋是這樣的（這個是我自己想的，僅參考用）：這個沖量作用在一個點上，把這個看成物理無限小單位（微觀上裡面有足夠分子，宏觀上可以看一個質點），這個點首先獲得了P/m的速度，由於這是剛體，質點系內的質點的相對位置是不能變的（剛體是假象模型，看成質點間不相對移動）。
如果它們是要做圓周運動的，那麼就一定有圓心，離圓心近的點移動一定就要比外面的慢。那麼就出現個質心之類的東西。（個人覺得質心就是滿足三大守恆的方程解）
如果它們不做圓周運動…………從理論似乎也可以，但是物理不是一門精確的科學，它是建立在實驗的基礎上，實驗證明通常物體有一個轉動中心。
你的問題也確實很有啟發性，其實已經牽涉到什麼叫質量的問題，這個就真的不很清楚了，能力有限