初二英語上冊句子及單詞的用法
Ⅰ 八年級上冊英語書英語單詞及句子
很多的啦,你可以借書呀
Ⅱ 八年級上冊英語重點單詞、短語、句型和語法 急急急急急急 要分單元的
呵呵 希望對你有所幫助 祝樓主進步哈
Unit 1 How often do you exercise?
Grammar: 特殊疑問句:wh-questions: what, who, where, when, which, whose, why, whom等。
特殊疑問句的構成及用法:
結構:特殊疑問詞+ 一般疑問句, 即:特殊疑問詞+be/助動詞/情態動詞+主語+謂語/表語(+其他)
疑問代詞:
1) Who:誰。做主語,用來指人 Who is the boy under the tree?
2)Whom 誰,做賓語,用來指人 Whom are you writing to?
3) Whose 誰的,用來指所屬關系,如果做定語,一般後接名詞 Whose pen is this?
4) Which 哪個,哪些,用來指對人或物在一定范圍之內進行選擇 Which grils will in the sports meeting? Which pen is Lily』s?
5)What什麼,通常指物,也可指人,一般用在沒有指出范圍的情況下 What can you see in the picture? What are you doing now?
疑問副詞:
When:何時,詢問時間 When will she come back?
Where何地,詢問地點, Where do you come from?
Why為什麼,詢問原因, Why are you late for school?
How 如何,詢問手段、方式、工具以及程度等 How do you usually go to school?
How old多大,詢問年齡,How old is Jim』s little brother?
How many/much多少,詢問數量 How many birds are there in the tree?
How far多遠,詢問距離, How far is it form your home to school?
How long多長,多久,詢問時間的長度或距離 How long will you stay in Beijing?
How often多長時間按一次,詢問頻率 How often do you go to see your grandparents?
How soon多久,詢問時間 How soon will you come back?
頻率副詞:表示動作發生的頻率,never, sometimes, often, usually, always.
Unit 2 What』s the matter with you?
Grammar:
1. 用have 來描述身體不適 have/have got a +疾病名字;得了……病
2.情態動詞should,情態動詞should,can, may, must沒有人稱和時態的變化,後接動詞原形
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?
Grammar:現在進行時表將來 一般將來時
表示將要做某事或計劃打算做某事要用到句型「be+doing」其中be是助動詞,它有人稱和單復數的變化。Be: am, is, are. be + v.ing是現在進行時的形式,但用於表示將來。用進行時表將來,常用於表示即將來臨的未來預定要做的事情,一般指個人計劃要做的事。用於此情況的動詞一般是表示位置轉移的動詞,如,go, come, leave, start, arrive, move等。
一.肯定句中,結構為「be+doing.」
I am going shopping this afternoon.
二.否定句是在be之後加not. I』m not going to shopping this afternoon.
三.一般疑問句是將be置於句首 Are you going shopping this afternoon?—Yes, I am/ we are. No, I』m not./ We aren』t.
四.特殊疑問句「疑問詞+一般疑問句語序。」
What are you doing for vacation? When is he going camping?
Who are you going there with? Where is she going?
Unit 4 How do you get to school?
Grammar: How引導的特殊疑問句:是指以How, how far, how long, how old,how many, how much等詞開頭的疑問句。
How does he get to shool?---- He takes the train to get to shool.
How long does it take to walk? ----It takes about 35 minutes to walk.
How far is it from your home to school? It』s four miles from my home to school.
How old is he now? She is twelve years old now.
How many storybooks do you have? I have five storybooks.
How much is this coat? This coat is 200 yuan.
特殊疑問句的簡略結構:how about…?+ 名詞或動詞-ing形式,用於提出建議、請求或徵求意見、詢問消息等。如:How about playing tennis?
Unit 5 Can you come to my party?
Grammar:情態動詞can及邀請句式及其問答
情態動詞can的用法:
Can 是最長用的情態動詞,其後跟動詞原形,can的否定形式為cannot,can』t.
can表「能力」,意思是:能,會 I can paly basketball,but I can』t swim.
can表示能力時可和be able to 互換,be able to有更多的時態,常被用來表示can所 不能表示的將來或完成的概念。E.g. They will be able to run this machine on their own in three months.
表示「可能性」,意思是:可以,可能。That big cinema can seat 5,000 people.
表示允許,意思是可以能夠 You can have the book when I have finished it.
表示「驚訝、不相信等(用於疑問句、否定句或感嘆句中」。意思是「會、可能。」
This can』t be true. Can it be true?
如何發出、接受和謝絕別人的邀請
表達邀請的常用句型:
Can you come to…?
Could you come to…?
Would you like to come to…?
Do you want to come to…?
接受邀請的常用句型:
Sure. Certainly. OK. I』d love to.
謝絕邀請的常用句型:
I』m sorry, I can』t. I have to…
I』m afraid I can』t. I have to…
I don』t think I can. I have to…
Unit 6 I』m more outgoing than my sister.
Grammar:形容詞的比較級
規則變化、不規則變化(課本P93)
than 是比較級中最常見的標志詞,意思是「比」。用於引出比較的對象。1.He draws better than me.2.You』re older than I am. You are older than me.
形容詞比較級前,有時可以用much,far, a little,a bit, even, three times等詞來修飾。Much 和far表示「……得多」,much better好得多,a little, a bit表示稍微,一些,一點。a little shorter, 稍微矮點;even表示「甚至,更加,還要……」even bigger還要大些,three times表示 「…三倍」,如three times bigger than 比……大三倍
Very絕不可以用來修飾比較級,very,so,too, quite 修飾原級
Unit 7 How do you make banana milk shake?
Grammar: 可數名詞與不可數名詞
一.可數名詞
英語中的物質名詞大體上可分為可數名詞和不可數名詞。可數名詞指物體的數量可數。其單數形式可在名詞前加a或an,表示一個,如a pear. 其負數形式要在詞尾加-s,或-es(特殊情況除外),如two bananas, three tomatoes. Many many apples a few students few bags
二.不可數名詞
1.不可數名詞指物體的數量不可數。不可數名詞沒有單復數之分,也不能在詞前直接加冠詞a 或an.表示不可數名詞的數量時可在不可數名詞前加相應的由量詞構成的短語。如a bag of… 2.常見的量詞短語有:
a piece of… a cup of… a teaspoon of… a bottle of…
3.不可數名詞還可以用下面的詞表示數量:much much rain a little little
4.既可以修飾不可數名詞又可以修飾不可數名詞的詞有:
Lots of= a lot of許多,大量 some一些(用於肯定句)any一些(用於否定句和一般疑問句)
Unit 8 How was your school trip?
Grammar:
一般過去時:指在過去某一時間內發生的動作或存在的狀態,常和表示過去意義的時間狀語連用。如:yesterday, last year(week,month…),two years ago, in2006等。有時也可用when,after,before, as soon as引導的時間狀語從句。該時態在句中的體現是謂語動詞用過去式。謂語be動詞→was/were 否定:wasn』t /weren』t
Be動詞句型
一般疑問句:was/were +主語…
特殊疑問句:疑問詞+was/were+主語
陳述句:主語+was/were+…(肯定句) 否定句:主語+wasn』t/weren』t+…
行為動詞句型(當句中的動詞為行為動詞時,要藉助動詞did構成一般疑問句和否定句)
肯定式:主語+動詞過去式
否定式:主語+didn』t+動詞原形
一般疑問句:Did +主語+動詞原形
特殊疑問句:Did+主語+動詞原形
Unit 9 When was he born?
Grammar: 一般過去時的特殊疑問句
一般過去時的特殊疑問句的變法同一般現在時一樣,不同之處在於須將be動詞或助動詞改為過去時態,即「特殊疑問詞+were或was(第三人稱單數)+主語+(表語)+其他成分」或「特殊疑問詞+助動詞did+主語+實義動詞+其他成分。」
以when引導的特殊疑問句,對某人的出生年月進行提問,句型是:
When was/were…born? … was/were born in +時間
When was David beckham born? 大衛.貝克漢姆是什麼時候出生的?He was born in 1975.
二.以how long 引導的特殊疑問句,對表示某一短時間的狀語進行提問。句型是:
How long did + 主語+動詞?
How long did Charles Smith hiccup? He hiccupped for 69 years and 5 months.
三.When did he start hiccupping? 他什麼時候開始打嗝?When +did+主語+動詞?
Unit 10 I』m going to be a basketball player.
Grammar:一般將來時
表示將來某個時間要發生的動作或存在的狀態,也表示將來經常或反復發生的動作,常與表示將來的時間狀語連用。
1. be going to + 動詞原形 What are you going to do next Sunday?
2. will/shall + 動詞原形 I will go to my hometown next week.
3.be +v.ing The Greens are moving to another city the day after tomorrow.
4. be +動詞不定式 You are to be back by 10 o』clock.
5. be + about + 動詞不定式 The meeting is about to begin.
Unit 11 Could you please clean your room?
Grammar:情態動詞
情態動詞,表示說話者對某一動作的看法和態度,包括可能、懷疑、允許、願望、必要、猜測等。Can(能、會),may( 可以),must( 必須、一定)等。
情態動詞的特點:(1)情態動詞有一定詞義,但不能單獨作謂語,必須和另一個動詞原形一起構成謂語,且沒有人稱和數的變化。1. I can speak English. 2. She must be a teacher. 3. We may go home now.
(2)變否定句時,直接在情態動詞後面加not,無需加助動詞。He can』t play the guitar well.
He can』t answer the question. You mustn』t be late.
(3)含有情態動詞的句子變一般疑問句時,須將情態動詞提前。Can you help me? Must I go there at once?
(4)can 可表示能力、允許、可能性、懷疑猜測,意為「能,會,可以。」can』t, 意為「不能,不會,不可以。」,還有「不可能」之意。
--Can you drive? – Sorry, I can』t. It can』t be true.
(5)can 也可表示請求與邀請
Can you please sweep the floor?
Unit12 What』s the best radio station?
Grammar:形容詞/副詞的最高級,用於三者或三者以上的人或事物之間的比較,表示在一群人或事物中,其中一個 「最……」見課本p93語法
the +最高級 She is the tallest of all her classmates.
最高級可被序數詞以及much, by far,nearly,almost, by no means, not quite,not really, nothing like等修飾。This hat is by far the biggest.
表示最高程度的形容詞,excellent, extreme, prefect等沒有最高級也不能用比較級。He is an excellent teacher.
形容詞最高級間修飾做表語或介詞並與的名詞代詞是,被修飾的詞往往省略。
He is the youngest (boy) in his class.
Who/Which +be+最高級,A,B,or C? Who is the most useful, a bicycle, a motorcycle,or a car?
the +序數詞+最高級 He is the second tallest student in our class.
One of the +最高級+復數名詞 The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.
Ⅲ 初二英語單詞與句子必考
初二英語知識點總結
1單元 snake robot 蛇形機器人
space station 太空站 seem possible 看起來可能
be able to (do) = can 能夠
the World Cup 世界盃 2單元
look for 尋找 keep out 不讓……進入
in the future 在未來,在將來 pay for 付款
come true (夢想)成為現實 Teen Talk 青少年論壇
go skating 去滑冰 in style 時髦的,流行的
fall in love with… 愛上 out of style 過時的
hundreds of 好幾百,許許多多 all kinds of 各種,多種
be free 免費 on the one hand (在)一方面
in 100 years (用於將來時) 一百年後 on the other hand (在)另一方面
be in high school 上中學 as…as possible 盡可能…地
live alone 獨自居住 =as…as sb can
go swimming 去游泳 get on with… 與…相處,進展
see sb do sth 看見某人做… have a hair cut 理發
over and over again 一次又一次 part-time job 兼職工作
get bored 厭煩 call sb up=ring sb up 打電話給……
space rocket 太空火箭 on the phone 在通話
electric toothbrush 電動牙刷 What』s the matter (with)? 怎麼了?
computer programmer 電腦程序員 What』s wrong (with)? 怎麼了?
live to be 200 years old 活到200歲 the same as… 與……同樣的
(書上重要表達) complain about 抱怨……
will be… 將成為…… argue with… 與……爭論
study on computer 在電腦上學習 surprise sb 使…驚奇
as a reporter 作為一名記者 borrow from… 向……借
keep a pet 養一隻寵物 lend to… 把…借給…
ring the week 在一周期間 find out 發現,找出
wear a suit (uniform) 穿西裝(制服) except me 除了我
at the weekend 在周末 do wrong 做錯事
on vacation 在假期 under too much pressure 承受太多壓力
predict the future 預測未來 take part in 參加
the head of a company 公司負責人 compare …with… 把…和…比較
need to do sth 需要做某事 (書上重要表達)
job interview 求職面視 enough money 足夠的錢
science fiction movie 科幻電影 write sb a letter 給某人寫信
just like… 就像…… a ball game 一場球賽
help with +名詞 幫助做某事 talk about… 談論…話題
make sb do sth 使某人做…… say sorry to… 向…說對不起
It』s easy for sb to do sth 做某事很簡單 have a bake sale 賣烤點
wake up 醒來 buy….for…. 為…買…
get a tutor 請家教 get out of the shower 洗完澡
be popular at school 在學校受歡迎 sleep late 睡懶覺
everyone else 其他每個人 buy a souvenir 買紀念品
invite sb to do sth 邀請某人做某事 go into=enter 進入
fail the test 考試不及格 call the police 報警
return= give back 歸還 at around ten o』clock 在十點左右
have a fight with… 同…大吵、打架 shop assistant 售貨員
give some advice 提建議 the Museum of Flight 飛行博物館
busy enough 足夠忙 take a photo 照相
not…until 直到……才 walk around 四處走走
nothing new 沒什麼新鮮的 police officer 警官
seem to do sth 好象要做某事 a car accident 車禍
push a lot more 逼得更緊 event in history 歷史事件
a mother of three 三個孩子的媽媽 in modern history 在現代史上
know about… 知道,了解…… everyday activity 日常活動
find it+形容詞 to do sth 發現做某事很… at that time=then 在那時
think for oneself 為自己考慮 ask sb to do sth 叫…做某事
plan the life 計劃生活 in silence=silently 沉默地
learn to do sth=study to do 學習做某事 be born 出生
a bit=a little 一點 have meaning to sb 對…有意義
organized activity 有組織的活動 national hero 民族英雄
by oneself 靠某人自己
after-school club 課外俱樂部 4單元
get over 克服、恢復
3單元 sea level 海平面
come in 進來 Chinese Young Pioneer 中國少年先鋒隊
World Trade Center (WTC) 世界貿易中心 do well in=be good at 在…方面擅長
as…as… 和……一樣 pass on 傳遞
take place=happen 發生 first of all 首先
hear about 聽說 report card 成績單
take off 起飛;脫下 in good health 身體健康
get out 出去,離開 open up 打開
barber shop 理發店 be supposed to 被期待,被要求
run away 逃跑,跑掉 care for 照料,照顧
in front of 在…前面 senior high school 高中
in the front of 在…前部 the Ministry of Ecation 教育部
walk down the street 沿著街走 be mad at=be angry at 對……很生氣
an unusual experience 一次不尋常經歷 not…anymore 不再…
Beijing International Airport 北京國際機場 end-of-year exam 期末考試
in space 在太空中 have a favor 幫忙
all over the world 全世界 get nervous 變得緊張
train station 火車站 disappointing result 令人失望的結果
(書上重要表達) one』s homework 抄襲作業
(書上重要表達) play party games 玩聚會游戲
have a surprise party 舉行驚喜派對 study for the test 為考試復習
drinks and snacks 飲料和零食 ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事
the next day 第二天 ID card 身份證
How is it going? 一切還好嗎? travel around the world 環球旅遊
have a hard time with… 對…感到頭痛 get an ecation 受教育
have a big fight 大吵一架 might seem like 似乎好象……
forget to do sth 忘記做…(沒做) a dream job 理想的工作
It』s right for sb to do sth 做…是正確的 all over the world 全世界
start a bad habit 養成壞習慣 make life difficult 使生活變得困難
poor mountain village 貧困山區 get injured 受傷
change one』s life 改變…的生活 have a difficult time doing sth 做某事很難
the peking University 北京大學 real friend 真朋友
rural area 農村地區 in fact 事實上
make sb feel sick 使某人不舒服 class party 班會
agree with… 同意…… laugh at sb 嘲笑某人
need to do sth 需要做某事 dye the hair 染發
three times a day 一日三次 past tense 過去時
school dormitory 學校校舍 watch out 留神、小心
outside world 外界
finish doing sth 完成做某事 6單元
volunteer teacher 志願者老師 by the way 順便說一句
mother earth 地球母親 far (away) from… 距離…很遙遠
be in danger 在危險之中 run out of 用完,用盡
more than=over 比…多;多於
5單元和1-5單元復習 be interested in… 對……感興趣
take away 拿走 the Olympic Games 奧運會
make a living 謀生 Hilltop School 山頂學校
around the world 全世界 raise money for charity 為慈善籌錢
all the time=always 總是,一直 a pair of skates 一雙溜冰鞋
mobile phone 行動電話,手機 go native 入鄉隨俗
in order to… 為了…… do (try) one』s best 盡某人最大努力
let in 允許進入 go together 相配;調和
remind …of… 使人想起…… let sb know 讓某人知道
be hurt badly 嚴重受傷 inline skating 縱列式溜冰
make money 掙錢 probably=maybe=perhaps 也許
look up to 尊敬 have sth done(過去分詞) (請別人)做某事
charity event 慈善事件 polar bear 北極熊
professional athlete 職業運動員 three and a half years 三年半
(書上重要表達)
wear jeans 穿牛仔褲 (書上重要表達)
take a bus to…… 坐公車去…… collect the stamps 集郵
help sb do sth 幫助某人做…… skating marathon 滑冰馬拉松
several=a few 幾個 pay a big fine 賠款
be the first one to do sth 第一個做某事 throw away 扔掉
snow globe 雪球 argue about… 為……而爭論
anyone else 其他任何人 sell out 賣完
start a club 建立一個俱樂部 five times the price 價格的5倍多
tell sb about… 告訴某人關於某事 (書上重要表達)
fly a kite 放風箏 do the dishes 洗碗
music video 音樂錄影帶 look terrible 看起來很糟糕
talent show 天才表演 move the car 挪挪汽車
Heilongjiang Province 黑龍江省 help…with(名詞) 幫助某人做某事
colorful history 多彩的歷史 finish the task 完成任務
European influence 歐洲風格的影響 clothing store 服裝店
in Russian style 俄羅斯風格 order a hamburger 預訂個漢堡包
Song Emperor 宋朝皇帝 shop assistant 售貨員
western history 西方歷史 follow sb around=go after sb 跟著某人轉
The more…, the more… 越…,就越…… English-speaking country 說英語的國家
learn about… 學習…… social behavior 社交行為
have problem with… 在…上有問題 be useful to do sth 做某事很有用
be close to… 靠近……
7單元 in all situations 在各種場合下
no problem 沒問題 feel uncomfortable 感到不舒服
wait in line 排隊等候 even if 即使,就算
keep…down 壓低聲音,使緩和 be with sb 和…在一起
pick up 撿起 It』s better to do sth 最好做某事
break the rule 違反規則 public place 公共場合
take care=be careful 當心,小心 in public 在公共場所里
put out the cigarette 熄滅香煙 allow sb to do sth 允許某人做…
at first (反) at last, finally 首先(反)最終 see sb do(doing) sth 看見某人做…
cut in line 插隊 give sb a suggestion 給某人提建議
turn down (up) 關小(開大) take the suggestion 接受建議
not at all 根本不;一點也不 drop litter 扔垃圾
Would you mind (not) doing sth 你介意(不)…嗎?
Could you please (not) do sth 請(不要)…好嗎 8單元
turn on/off 開(關) fall asleep 入睡,睡著
right away =in a minute 立刻 give away 贈送,分發
=at once make friends with sb 與……交朋友
at a meeting 在開會 hear of… 聽說……
hair stylist 發型師,美容師 the Olympics 奧運會
get annoyed 變得氣惱 the Olympic Committee 奧委會
get married 結婚 take an interest in… 對……感興趣
get mad 變得激動 photo album 相冊
get angry 變得生氣 rather than… 勝於;(與其),不如
happen to sb 某人發生某事 make progress 取得進步
these days=now 現在,目前 gone to… 已去某地(途中)
too…to… 太…以致於不能… get some exercise 鍛煉
give up doing sth 放棄做某事 It takes forty minutes 花了40分鍾
give…to… 給某人…… Neither have I=me neither 我也沒有(去)
stage manner 舞台台風 get to=reach=arrive in(at) 到達
native speaker 說本族語的人 take a lesson=have a lesson 上課
learn by heart 用心記住 (書上重要表達)
look up (在書中)查詢 water park 水上樂園
for a while 暫時,一會兒 space museum 太空博物館
an 80-year-old grandmother 一位80歲的外婆 take the subway 坐地鐵
China Radio International 中國國際廣播電台 Mickey mouse 米老鼠
(書上重要表達) Donald Duck 唐老鴨
get sb sth=buy sth for sb 給某人買…… Disney character 迪士尼卡通人物
How about=what about ……怎麼樣? theme park 主題公園
Why don』y you do sth? 為什麼不做…呢 be themed with… 被冠以…主題
Why not do sth? (同上) walk around 四處走走
special enough 足夠特別 Disney Cruise 迪士尼巡遊
pot-bellied pig named Connie 取名叫科尼爾的豬 take a ride 搭乘……
eat a lot 吃得多 just like… 就像,正如
keep a pet 養寵物 take different route 走不同線路
pay for=spend for 為……付錢 exchange student 交換生
learn to do sth=study to do 學習做某事 flight attendant 空中乘務員
improve English 提高英語 language school 語言學校
enter a contest 參加比賽 such as=for example 例如
as well as… 和……一樣好 listening skill 聽力技巧
age group 年齡組 Southeast Asia 東南亞
win the prize 贏得獎金 take a holiday 度假
encourage sb to do sth 鼓勵某人做某事 have problem doing sth 做某事有困難
have fun with… 做…很有樂趣 foreign country 外國
find out 找出,發現 ring the daytime 在白天
find a way to do sth 找到做某事的方法 wake up 醒來,喚醒某人
be awake 醒著的
9單元 natural environment 自然環境
end up 結束 It』s best to do sth 做好做某事
on board 在船上 10單元
have a great time 玩得愉快 look through 瀏覽
amusement park 娛樂園 come along=appear 出現,發生
tour guide 導游 get along=get on with… 相處
three quarters 四分之三 at least (反) at most 至少(反)最多
Night Safari 夜間野生動物園 have a small talk=chat 閑聊
all year around 全年,一年到頭 opening question 開場白問題
roller coaster 過山車 thank-you note 感謝信
(ever) been to… 曾經去過某地 cross the busy street 穿越繁忙的大街
have a wonderful time 過得愉快 show sb around 帶某人參觀某地
be friendly to sb 對某人友好 show the way 指路
be happy to do sth 很高興做某事 have a hard time doing 做某事很困難
invite sb to do sth 邀請某人做某事 make it easy to do sth 使做某事容易
have a family dinner 家庭聚餐 go with sb 同某人一起去
look both side 看兩邊 win the game 贏得比賽
(書上重要表達) dining room 食堂、飯廳
Franklin Lake 弗蘭克林湖 holiday job 假期短工
by noon 到中午之前 review=go over 復習
I hope so 但願如此 opposite word 反義詞
wait to do sth 等著做某事 decide to do sth 決定做某事
baby sister=younger sister 妹妹 meet friends 會見朋友
feel like doing=want to do sth 想做某事
Ⅳ 人教版八年級重要英語單詞用法
新版人教版八年級下冊英語片語、短語、語法、句子總結
Unit 1 What』s the matter?
一、重點短語
1. have a fever 發燒
2. have a cough 咳嗽
3. have a toothache 牙疼
4. talk too much 說得太多
5. drink enough water 喝足夠的水
6. have a cold 受涼;感冒
7. have a stomachache 胃疼
8. have a sore back 背疼
9. have a sore throat 喉嚨痛
10. lie down and rest 躺下來休息
11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的熱茶
12. see a dentist 看牙醫
13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片
14. take one』s temperature 量體溫
15. put some medicine on sth.在……上面敷葯
16. feel very hot 感到很熱
17. sound like 聽起來像
18. all weekend 整個周末
19. in the same way 以同樣的方式
20. go to a doctor 看醫生
21. go along 沿著……走
22. on the side of the road 在馬路邊
23. shout for help 大聲呼救
24. without thinking twice 沒有多想
25. get off 下車
26. have a heart problem 有心臟病
27. to one』s surprise 使....... [京訝的
28. thanks to 多虧了 ;由於
29. in time 及時
30. save a life 挽救生命
31. get into trouble 造成麻煩
32. right away 立刻;馬上
33. because of 由於
34. get out of 離開;從……出萍
35. hurt oneself 受傷
36. put a bandage on sth. 用綳帶包紮
37. fall down 摔倒
38. feel sick 感到惡心
39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血
40. cut his knee 割傷他的膝蓋
41. put her head back 把她的頭向後仰
42. have problems breathing 呼吸困難
43. mountain climbing 登山運動
44. be used to doing sth. 習慣做某事
45. run out (of) 用完;用盡
46. so that 以便
47. so. . . that 如此… …以至於…
48. be in control of 掌管;管理
49. in a difficult situation 在閑境屮
50. keep on doing sth. 繼續或堅持做某事
51. make a decision 做出決定
52. take risks 冒險
53. give up 放棄
二、重點句型
1. What』 s the matter?
What』 s the matter with you?
= What』s the trouble with you?
= What』 s wrong with you?你怎麼了?
2. What should she do?她該怎麼辦呢?
Should I take my temperature?我應該量一下體溫嗎?
主語+ should/shouldn』t + 動詞原形. ..
①You should lie down and rest.你應該躺下休息一會兒。
② You shouldn』t go out at night.你晚上不應該出去。
3. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book?你認為它是來自報紙還是書呢?
4. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我想我以同樣的姿勢一動不動地坐得太久了。
5. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital
Unit 2 I』ll help to clean up the city parks.
一、重點短語
1. Clean-Up Day 清潔日
2. an old people』s home 養老院
3. help out with sth. 幫助解決困難
4. used to 曾經… 過去_
5. care for 關心;照顧
6. the look of joy 快樂的表情
7. at the age of 在......歲時
8.clean up 打掃(或清除)干凈
9. cheer up (使)變得更高興;振雀
10. give out 分發;散發
11. come up with 想出;提出
12. make a plan 制訂計劃
13. make some notices 做些公告牌
14. try out 試用;試行
15. work for 為…工作;為…. 效力
16. put up 建造;舉起;張貼
17. hand out 分發;散發;發給
18. call up 打電話;召集
19. put off 推遲;延遲
20. for example 比如;例如
21. raise money 籌錢;募捐
22. take after 與......相像;像
23. give away 贈送;捐贈
24. fix up 修理;修補;解決
25. be similar to 與……相似
26. set up 建立;設立
27. disabled people 殘疾人
28. make a difference 影響;有作用
29. be able to 能夠
30. after-school reading program課外閱讀項目
二、重點句型
1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.
這個男孩可以在食品救濟站分發食物。
2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.清潔日離現在僅僅兩周的時間。
3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.每周六上午,他都在一'家動物醫院當志願者。
4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
去年,她決定去參加一個課外閱讀項目的志願者的選拔。
5. . . . you can see in their eyes that they』 re going on a different journey with each new book.
……從他們的眼睛裡你可以看到他們正在進行每本不同的新書之旅。
6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.我想把我在動物醫院工作的計劃推遲到明年夏天。
7. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.現在的大部分人只是為找一份能掙許多錢的好工作而著急。
8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.在你的幫助下,我才有可能擁有「幸運兒」。
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
一、 重點短語
1. go out for dinner 出去吃飯
2. stay out late 在外面待到很晚
3. go to the movies 去看電影
4. get a ride 搭車
5. work on 從事
6. finish doing sth. 完成做某事
7. clean and tid y 干凈整潔
8. do the dishes 洗餐具
9. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾
10. fold your/the clothes 疊衣服
11. sweep the floor 掃地
12. make your/the bed 整理床鋪
13. clean the living room 打掃客廳
14. no problem 沒問題
15. welcome sb. 歡迎某人
16. come home fro m school/ work
放學/下班回家
17. throw down 扔下
18. sit down 坐下
19. come over 過來
20. take sb. for a walk 帶某人去散步
21. all the time 一直;總是
22. all day/evening 整曰/夜
23. do housework 做家務
24. shout back 大聲回應
25. walk away 走開
26. .share the housework 分擔家務
27. a comfortable home 一個舒適的家
28. in surprise 驚訝地
29. get something to drink 拿點喝的東西
30. watch one show 觀看一個節目
31. hang out 閑逛
32. pass sb. sth. 把某物傳給某人
33. lend sb. sth. 把某物借給某人
34. get sth. wet 使某物弄濕
35. hate to do sth. 討厭做某事
36. do chores 做雜務
37.help sb. (to ) do /with sth幫助某人干某事
38. bring a tent帶頂帳篷來
39. buy some snacks買些小吃
40. go to the store去商店
41. invite sb. to a party邀請某人參加聚會
42. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
43. enough stress足夠的壓力
44. a waste of time浪費時間
45. in order to為了
46. get good grades取得好成績
47. mind doing sth. 介意做某事
48. depend on依賴;依靠
49. develop children』s independence發展孩子的獨立性
50. look after/take care of 照顧;照看
51. do one』 s part in (doing ) sth.做某人分內的事
二、重點句型
1. Could you please…..do sth. ?
Could you please clean your room?你能整理一下你的房間嗎?
2. I have to do some work.我必須幹些活。
3. Could I+ do sth. ?
Could I use your computer?
我可以用一下你的電腦嗎?
4. She won』 t be happy if she sees this mess.如果她看到這樣亂七八糟的話,她會不高興的。
5. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.整整一周,她什麼家務活都不幹了,我也一樣。
6. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the T V .我一在電視機前坐下,我媽媽就過來了。
7. hate + ( to do/ doing) sth.
I hate to do chores.我討厭做雜務。
Unit 4 Why don』t you talk to your parents?
一、重點短語
1. have free time有空閑時間
2. allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事
3. hang out with sb. 與某人閑逛
4. after-school classes課外活動課
5. get into a fight with sb. 與某人吵架/打架
6. until midnight直到半夜
7. talk to sb. 與某人交談
8. too many太多
9. study too much學得過多
10. get enough sleep有足夠的睡眠
11. write sb. a letter給某人寫信
12. call sb. up打電話給某人
13. surprise sb. 令某人驚訝
14. look through翻看
15. be angry with sb. 生某人的氣
16. a big deal重要的事
17. work out成功地發展;解決
18. get on with不 11睦相處;關系良:
19. fight a lot經常吵架/打架
20. hang over籠罩
21. refuse to do sth. 拒絕做某事
22. offer to do sth. 主動提出做某事
23. so that以便
24. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事
25. all the time一直
26. in future今後
27. make sb. angry使某人生氣
28. worry about sth. 擔心某事
29. one』s homework抄襲某人的作業
30. be oneself做自己
31. family members
32. spend time alone獨自消磨時光
33. give sb. pressure給某人施壓
34. have a fight with sb. 與某人吵架
35. compete with sb. 與某人競爭
36. free time activities業余活動
37. get better grades取得更好的成績
38. give one』 s opinion提出某人的觀點
39. learn exam skills學習應試技巧
40. practice sports體育訓練
41. cause stress造成壓力
42. cut out刪除
二、重點句型
1. I studied until mid night last night so I didn』t get enough sleep.我昨晚學習到半夜所以睡眠不足。
2. Why don 't you forge t about it?你為什麼不忘掉它呢?
3. Although she 』 s wrong , it』s not a big deal.雖然她錯了,但這並不是什麼大事兒。
4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say he』s sorry.他應該跟朋友談談以便他能說聲對不起。
5. May be you could go to his house.也許你可以去他家。
6. I guess I could, but I don』t want to surprise him.我想我可以.但我不想讓他感到驚訝。
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?
一、重點短語
1. make sure 確信;確認
2. beat against... 拍打… …
3. fall asleep 進人夢鄉;睡著
4. die down 逐漸變弱;逐漸消失
5. wake up 醒來
6. in a mess 一團糟
7. break.. . apart 使……分離
8. in times of difficulty 在困難的時候
9. at the time of 當.......時候
10. go off (鬧鍾)發出響聲
11. take a hot shower 洗熱水澡
12. miss the bus 錯過公交車
13. pick up 接電話
14. bring... together 使……靠攏
15. in the area 在這個地區
16. miss the event 錯過這個事件
17. by the side of the road 在路邊
18. the Animal Helpline 動物保護熱線
19. walk by 走路經過
20. make one』s way to. ?. 在某人去……的路上
21. hear the news 聽到這個消息
22., important events in history 歷史上的重大事件
23., for example 例如
24., be killed 被殺害
25., over 50 5 0多(歲)
26. a school pupil 一個小學生
27. on the radio 通過廣播
28., in silence 沉默;無聲
29., more recently 最近地;新近
30., the World Trade Center 世貿中心
31., take down 拆除;摧毀
32., have meaning to 對……有意義
33., remember doing sth. 記得做過某事
34., at first 首先;最初
二、重點句型
1. — What were you doing at eight last night?昨晚8 點你在干什麼?
— I was taking a shower.我在洗淋浴。
2. When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mom make dinner.當開始下雨的時候,本正在幫他媽媽做晚飯。
3. — What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping?琳達在睡覺的時候,珍妮正在干什麼?
— While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.琳達在睡覺的時候,珍妮正在幫瑪麗做作業。
Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains
一、重點短語
1. work on doing sth. 致力於做某事
2. as soon as ...... 一……就…....
3. once upon a time 從前
4. continue to do sth. 繼續做某事
如此… …以至於… *
5. make sth. happen 使某事發生
6.try to do sth. 試圖做某事
7. the journey to sp. ......之旅
8. tell the/a story 講故事
9. put on 穿上
10. a little bit 有點兒
11. keep doing sth. 堅持做某事
12. give up 放棄
13. instead of 代替;反而
14. turn .. . into 變成
15. get married 結婚
16. the main character 主要人物;主人公
17. at other times 在另外一些時候
18. be able to 能;會
19. come out (書、電影等)出版
20. become interested in. ? ? 對……感興趣
21. walk to the other side 走到另一邊去
22. a fairy tale 一個神話故事
23. the rest of the story 故事的其餘部分
24. leave sb. to do sth. 讓某人做某事
25. make a plan to do sth. 籌劃/計劃做某事
26. go to sleep 去睡覺
27. lead sb. to sp. 把某人領到某地
28. get lost 迷路
29. change one』s plan 改變計劃
30. tell sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事
31. in the moonlight 在月光下
32. find one』s way home 找到某人回家的路
33. the next day 第二天
34. send sb. to sp. 派某人去某地
二、重點句型
1. W hat do youth in k about/of.. . ?
So what do youth ink about the story of Yu Gong?你覺得愚公的故事怎麼樣?
2. It doesn』t seem adj . to do sth ..
It doesn』t seem very possible to move -a mountain.把一座山給移掉好像不太可能。
3. This is because...
This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects.
這是因為他會根據他的形狀和大小,做出72種變化,可以將自己變成不同的動物或東西。
… so… that+從句
Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.有時候,他能夠讓他的金箍棒變得很小,以至於可以放在耳朵里。
5. It take sb. some time to do sth ..
Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side.這些(山)太高了,他們要花好長時間才能翻越過去。
6 .… not.. .. until十從句
Don』 t eat it until you get to the forest.你們到達森林之後才能吃。
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其它內容,見附件。
Ⅳ 初二上英語單詞用法
八年級上英語語法點滴
八年級上英語語法點滴
1) leave的用法
1.「leave+地點」表示「離開某地」。例如:
When did you leave Shanghai?
你什麼時候離開上海的?
2.「leave for+地點」表示「動身去某地」。例如:
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.
下周五,愛麗斯要去倫敦了。
3.「leave+地點+for+地點」表示「離開某地去某地」。例如:
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?
你為什麼要離開上海去北京?
2) 情態動詞should「應該」學會使用
should作為情態動詞用,常常表示意外、驚奇、不能理解等,有「竟會」的意思,例如:
How should I know? 我怎麼知道?
Why should you be so late today? 你今天為什麼來得這么晚?
should有時表示應當做或發生的事,例如:
We should help each other.我們應當互相幫助。
我們在使用時要注意以下幾點:
1. 用於表示「應該」或「不應該」的概念。此時常指長輩教導或責備晚輩。例如:
You should be here with clean hands. 你應該把手洗干凈了再來。
2. 用於提出意見勸導別人。例如:
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感覺不舒服,你最好去看醫生。
3. 用於表示可能性。should的這一用法是考試中常常出現的考點之一。例如:
We should arrive by supper time. 我們在晚飯前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她隨時都可能來。
3) What...? 與 Which...?
1. what 與 which 都是疑問代詞,都可以指人或事物,但是what僅用來詢問職業。如:
What is your father? 你父親是干什麼的?
該句相當於:
What does your father do?
What is your father's job?
Which 指代的是特定范圍內的某一個人。如:
---Which is Peter? 哪個是皮特?
---The boy behind Mary. 瑪麗背後的那個男孩。
2. What...?是泛指,所指的事物沒有范圍的限制;而 Which...?是特指,所指的事物有范圍的限制。如:
What color do you like best? (所有顏色)
你最喜愛什麼顏色?
Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? (有特定的范圍)
你最喜愛哪一種顏色?
3. what 與 which 後都可以接單、復數名詞和不可數名詞。如:
Which pictures are from China?
哪些圖片來自中國?
4) 頻度副詞的位置
1.常見的頻度副詞有以下這些:
always(總是,一直)
usually(通常)
often(常常,經常)
sometimes(有時候)
never(從不)
2.頻度副詞的位置:
a.放在連系動詞、助動詞或情態動詞後面。如:
David is often arrives late for school.
大衛上學經常遲到。
b.放在行為動詞前。如:
We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.
我們每天經常在7:10去上學。
c.有些頻度副詞可放在句首或句尾,用來表示強調。如:
Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike.
有時我步行回家,有時我騎自行車。
3.never放在句首時,主語、謂語動詞要倒裝。如:
Never have I been there.
5) every day 與 everyday
1. every day 作狀語,譯為「每一天」。如:
We go to school at 7:10 every day.
我們每天7:10去上學。
I decide to read English every day.
我決定每天讀英語。
2. everyday 作定語,譯為「日常的」。
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.
她晚飯後在電視上看日常英語。
What's your everyday activity?
你的日常活動是什麼?
6) 什麼是助動詞
1.協助主要動詞構成謂語動詞片語的詞叫助動詞(Auxiliary Verb)。被協助的動詞稱作主要動詞(Main Verb)。
助動詞自身沒有詞義,不可單獨使用,例如:
He doesn't like English. 他不喜歡英語。
(doesn't是助動詞,無詞義;like是主要動詞,有詞義)
2.助動詞協助主要動詞完成以下功用,可以用來:
a. 表示時態,例如:
He is singing. 他在唱歌。
He has got married. 他已結婚。
b. 表示語態,例如:
He was sent to England. 他被派往英國。
c. 構成疑問句,例如:
Do you like college life? 你喜歡大學生活嗎?
Did you study English before you came here?你來這兒之前學過英語嗎?
d. 與否定副詞not合用,構成否定句,例如:
I don't like him. 我不喜歡他。
e. 加強語氣,例如:
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定來參加晚會。
He did know that. 他的確知道那件事。
3.最常用的助動詞有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
7) forget doing/to do與remember doing/to do
1.forget to do 忘記要去做某事。 (未做)
forget doing 忘記做過某事。 (已做)
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
辦公室的燈還在亮著,它忘記關了。(沒有做關燈的動作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘記他已經關了燈了。 ( 已做過關燈的動作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.
別忘了明天來。 (to come動作未做)
典型例題
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh,I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off
C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案:C。由the light is still on 可知燈亮著,即關燈的動作沒有發生,因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth 表示燈已經關上了,而自己忘記了這一事實。此處不符合題意。
2.remember to do 記得去做某事 (未做)
remember doing 記得做過某事 (已做)
Remember to go to the post office after school.
記著放學後去趟郵局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before?
你不記得以前見過那個人嗎?
8) It's for sb.和 It's of sb.
1.for sb. 常用於表示事物的特徵特點,表示客觀形式的形容詞,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等:
It's very hard for him to study two languages. 對他來說學兩門外語是很難的。
2.of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主觀感情或態度的形容詞,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你來幫助我,你真是太好了。
3.for 與of 的辨別方法:
用介詞後面的代詞作主語,用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語,造個句子。如果道理上通順用of,不通則用for。如:
You are nice. (通順,所以應用of)。
He is hard. (人是困難的,不通,因此應用for。)
9) 對兩個句子的提問
新目標英語在命題中有將對句子劃線提問這一題型取消的趨勢,現在採取的作法是對一個句子進行自由提問。例如:
句子:The boy in blue has three pens.
提問:1.Who has three pens?
2.Which boy has three pens?
3.What does the boy in blue have?
4.How many pens does the boy in blue have?
很顯然,學生多了更多的回答角度,也體現了考試的靈活性。再如:
句子:He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.
提問:1.Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
2.Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
3.What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
4.With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?
5.What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?
6.When does he usually go to the park with his friends?
10) so、such與不定冠詞的使用
1.so與不定冠詞a、an連用,結構為「so+形容詞+a/an+名詞」。如:
He is so funny a boy.
Jim has so big a house.
2.such與不定冠詞a、an連用,結構為「such+a/an+形容詞+名詞」。如:
It is such a nice day.
That was such an interesting story.
11) 使用-ing分詞的幾種情況
1.在進行時態中。如:
He is watching TV in the room.
They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be結構中。如:
There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems結構中。如:
We have fun learning English this term.
They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
4.在介詞後面。如:
Thanks for helping me.
Are you good at playing basketball.
5.在以下結構中:
enjoy doing sth 樂於做某事
finish doing sth 完成做某事
feel like doing sth 想要做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事
forget doing sth 忘記做過某事
go on doing sth 繼續做某事
remember doing sth 記得做過某事
like doing sth 喜歡做某事
keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事
find sb doing sth 發現某人做某事
see/hear/watch sb doing sth 看到/聽到/觀看某人做某事
try doing sth 試圖做某事
need doing sth 需要做某事
prefer doing sth 寧願做某事
mind doing sth 介意做某事
practice doing sth 練習做某事
be busy doing sth 忙於做某事
can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事
miss doing sth 錯過做某事
12) 英語中的「單數」
1.主語的第三人稱單數形式,即可用「he, she, it」代替的。如:
he, she, it
my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle
2.名詞有單數名詞和復數名詞。如:
man(單數)---men(復數) banana(單數)---bananas(復數)
3.動詞有原形,第三人稱單數形式,-ing分詞,過去式,過去分詞。如:
go---goes---going---went---gone
work---works---working---worked---worked
watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
當主語為第三人稱單數的時候,謂語動詞必須用相應的第三人稱單數形式。如:
The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
Our English teacher is from the US.
Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.
12) 英語中的「單數」
1.主語的第三人稱單數形式,即可用「he, she, it」代替的。如:
he, she, it
my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle
2.名詞有單數名詞和復數名詞。如:
man(單數)---men(復數) banana(單數)---bananas(復數)
3.動詞有原形,第三人稱單數形式,-ing分詞,過去式,過去分詞。如:
go---goes---going---went---gone
work---works---working---worked---worked
watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
當主語為第三人稱單數的時候,謂語動詞必須用相應的第三人稱單數形式。如:
The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
Our English teacher is from the US.
Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.
13) 名詞的復數構成的幾種形式
名詞復數的構成可分為規則變化和不規則變化兩種。
I 名詞復數的規則變化
1.一般在名詞詞尾加-s。如:
pear---pears hamburger---hamburgers
desk---desks tree---trees
2.以字母-s, -sh, -ch, -x結尾的名詞,詞尾加-es。如:
class---classes dish---dishes
watch---watches box---boxes
3.以字母-o結尾的某些名詞,詞尾加-es。如:
potato---potatoes tomato---tomatoes
Negro---Negroes hero---heroes
4.以輔音字母加-y結尾的名詞,將-y變為-i,再加-es。如:
family---families dictionary---dictionaries
city---cities country---countries
5.以字母-f或-fe結尾的名詞,將-f或-fe變為-v,再加-es。如:
half---halves leaf---leaves
thief---thieves knife---knives
self---selves wife---wives
life---lives wolf---wolves
shelf---shelves loaf---loaves
但是:
scarf---scarves(fes) roof---roofs
serf---serfs gulf---gulfs
chief---chiefs proof---proofs
belief---beliefs
II 名詞復數的不規則變化
1.將-oo改為--ee。如:
foot---feet tooth---teeth
2.將-man改為-men。如:
man---men woman---women
policeman---policemen postman---postmen
3.添加詞尾。如:
child---children
4.單復數同形。如:
sheep---sheep deer---deer
fish---fish people---people
5.表示「某國人」的單、復數變化。即「中日瑞不變英法變,其它國把-s加後面」。如:
Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese
Swiss---Swiss
Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen
American---Americans Australian---Australians
Canadian---Canadians Korean---Koreans
Russian---Russians Indian---Indians
6.其它。如:
mouse---mice
apple tree---apple trees
man teacher---men teachers
14) 雙寫最後一個字母的-ing分詞
初中階段常見的有以下這些:
1.let→letting 讓
hit→hitting 打、撞
cut→cutting 切、割
get→getting 取、得到
sit→sitting 坐
forget→forgetting 忘記
put→putting 放
set→setting 設置
babysit→babysitting 臨時受雇照顧嬰兒
2.shop→shopping 購物
trip→tripping 絆
stop→stopping 停止
drop→dropping 放棄
3.travel→travel(l)ing 旅遊
swim→swimming 游泳
run→running 跑步
dig→digging 挖、掘
begin→beginning 開始
prefer→preferring 寧願
plan→planning 計劃
15) 肯定句變否定句及疑問句要變化的一些詞
1.some變為any。如:
There are some birds in the tree.
→There aren't any birds in the tree.
但是,若在表示請邀請、請求的句子中,some可以不變。如:
Would you like some orange juice?
與此相關的一些不定代詞如something, somebody等也要進行相應變化。
2.and變為or。如:
I have a knife and a ruler.
→I don't have a knife or a ruler.
3.a lot of (=lots of)變為many或much。如:
They have a lot of friends.(可數名詞)
→They don't have many friends.
There is lots of orange in the bottle.(不可數名詞)
→There isn't much orange in the bottle.
4.already變為yet。如:
I have been there already.
→I haven't been there yet.
16) in與after
in 與 after 都可以表示時間,但二者有所區別。
1.in 經常用於將來時的句子中,以現在為起點,表示將來一段時間。如:
He will leave for Beijing in a week.
一周後他會動身去北京。
2.after 經常用於過去時的句子中,以過去為起點,表示過去一段時間。如:
He left for Beijing after a week.
一周後他動身去了北京。
不過,如果after後跟的是具體的時刻,它也可用於將來時。如:
We will finish the work after ten o'clock.
十點後我們會完成工作的。
3.注意區分以下的in的用法。
I'll visit him in a week.
一周後我會去拜訪他。
I'll visit him twice in a week.
一周內我會去拜訪他兩次。
17) 不定冠詞a與an的使用
1.a 用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前。如:
There is a "b" in the word "book".
單詞book中有個字母b。
類似的字母還有:c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z。
She has a small knife.
她有一把小刀。
2.an 用於以母音音素開頭的單詞前。如:
There is an "i" in the word "onion".
單詞onion中有個字母i。
類似的字母還有:a, e, f, h, l, m, n, o, r, s, x。
Do you have an umbrella?
你有一把雨傘嗎?
3.以母音字母開頭的單詞前面不一定都用an;以輔音字母開頭的單詞前面也不一定都用a。如:
a useful book
a universe
a one-letter word
an hour
an uncle
an umbrella
an honest person
18) 如何表達英語中的「穿、戴」?
英語中表示「穿、戴」的表達方法有好幾種,常見的有以下這些:
1、put on 主要表達「穿」的動作。如:
He put on his coat.他穿上了他的外套。
You'd better put on your shoes.你最好穿上你的鞋子。
2、wear 主要表示「穿、戴」的狀態。如:
The old man wears a pair of glasses.老人戴著一副眼鏡。
The girl is wearing a red skirt.那女孩穿著一條紅色的短裙。
3、dress 可作及物動詞,有「給......穿衣」的意思,後接「人」,而不是「衣服」。如:
Please dress the children right now.請立即給孩子們穿上衣服。
dress 也可作不及物動詞,表示衣著的習慣。如:
The woman always dresses in green.那位婦女總是穿綠色的衣服。
4、be in 表示穿著的狀態。如:
John is in white today.約翰今天穿白色的衣服。
The man in black is a football coach.
19) a little, a few 與 a bit (of)
a little, a few 與 a bit (of) 都有「一些、少量」的意義。他們的區別在哪裡呢?
1. a little 意為「一些、少量」,後接不可數名詞。如:
There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一點水。
還可以接形容詞。如:
He is a little shy. 他有些害羞。
2. a few 意為「一些、少數」,後接復數的可數名詞。如:
There are a few people in the room. 房間里有一些人。
3. a bit 意為「一點兒」,後接形容詞。如:
It's a bit cold. 有點冷。
a bit of 後接不可數名詞。如:
He has a bit of money. 他有一點兒錢。
4. a little 表肯定意義,little 表否定意義;a few 表肯定意義,few 表否定意義。如:
There is a little soda in the glass. 杯子里有一點兒汽水。
There is little soda in the glass. 杯子里幾乎沒有汽水了。
I have a few Chinese friends. 我有一些中國朋友。
Few people like him. 幾乎沒有人喜歡他。
5. a little = a bit of, 後接不可數名詞;
a little = a bit = a little bit = kind of, 後接形容詞,意為「有點兒」。
20) 關於like的用法
like 可以作動詞,也可以作介詞。
1、like 作動詞,表示一般性的「愛好、喜歡」,有泛指的含義。如:
Do you like the color?你喜愛這種顏色嗎?
like 後可接不定式(like to do sth),也可接動詞的-ing分詞(like doing sth),有時意思不盡相同。如:
She likes eating apples.她喜愛吃蘋果。(習慣)
She likes to eat an apple.她喜愛吃一粒蘋果。(平常不喜歡吃)
like 與 would 連用,後接不定式,表示願望或客氣的請求。如:
Would you like a cup of tea?您願意喝杯茶嗎?
「喜歡某人做某事」可以用結構「like sb to do sth/doing sth」。如:
They all like me to sing/singing English songs.他們都喜歡我唱英文歌。
2、like 作介詞,可譯成「像......」。如:
She is friendly to us like a mother.她對我們友好,就像母親一樣。
It looks like an orange.它看起來像個桔子。
3、區分以下句子:
A. What does he look like?
B. What is he like?
A句譯為「他長相如何?」指一個人的外貌特徵;而B句譯為「他人怎麼樣?」指人的性格特點。
C. The boy like Peter is over there.
D. A boy like Peter can't do it.
A句指外貌相似,而D句指性格相似。
21) stop to do sth 與 stop doing sth
1. stop to do sth 意為「停下來去做某事」。如:
The students stop to listen to their teacher.
學生們停下來去聽他們老師講話。
2. stop doing sth 意為「停止做某事」。如:
The students stopped talking. 學生們停止了談話。
與它們相反的句式是:go on to do sth 「繼續做某事(與剛才一事不同)」和 go on doing sth 「繼續做某事(與剛才同一件事)」。如:
He finishes his homework and goes on to study English.
他完成了作業,接著繼續去念英語。
They went on playing games. 他們繼續玩游戲。
參考資料:http://www.shulihua.net/czyyu/ShowSearch.asp?Field=Title&Keyword=八年級上&ClassID=0&SpecialID=0
Ⅵ 英語 常用詞彙的用法(初二)
英語常用詞彙常用用法
A
about around round 作副詞時都含「四處」、「遍地」的意思。
about 系常用詞, 如:
look about 四處看。
around 具有 about 的基本意思, 因此 look about=look around, 但在下列短語里 around沒有 about正式, 如:
travel around 各處旅行
round 和 around在非正式用法中可以互換, 但一般用 round時更簡練。在正式用語中, 一般用 round指「旋轉」, 而用 around指「處處」, 「到處」, 如:
She turned round at such a noise. 聽到這樣的吵聲, 她回頭看。
I have been looking for it all around. 我到處都找過了。
另外, 英國人用 round的地方, 美國人傾向於用 around, 如:
[英] Winter comes round.
[美] Winter comes around.
above all;after all;at all
above all意為「尤其是」、「首先」、「最重要的是」,常位於句首或句中,作插入語,起強調作用。如:
But above all tell me quickly what I have to do.可首先快些告訴我該做什麼。
A clock must above all keeps good time.時鍾最重要的是必須走得准。
after all意為「畢竟」、「終究」、「終歸」、「到底」,在句中位置較靈活。可位於句首、句中或句末。如:
After all,your birthday is only two weeks away.畢竟,兩周後就是你的生日。
He is,after all,a small child.他畢竟還是個小孩子。
He failed after all.他終於失敗了。
at all用於否定句時,意為「絲毫;根本」,用於疑問句時意為「究竟;到底」,用於條件句時,常譯為「當真;實在」。用於肯定句中,表示說話人的某種情緒或情感(如懷疑或驚奇等),意為「竟然」等。如:
He doesn』t like you at all.他根本不喜歡你。
Are you going to do it at all?你究竟做不做這件事?
If you do it at all,do it well.若你真要做這件事,就得做好。
I was surprised at his coming at all.他竟然來了,我很驚訝。
add; add to; add…to; add up to
add作「加,增加」解時,既可作及物動詞,又可用作不及物動詞;作「又說,補充說」解時,與直接或間接引語連用。如:
If the tea is too strong, add some more hot water. 如果茶太濃了,再加點開水。
After a short while, he added that he would try his best. 過了一會兒,他又接著說他會盡力。
add to意為「增添,增加,增進」。如:
The bad weather added to our difficulties. 惡劣的天氣增加了我們的困難。
add...to意為「把……加到……」,是把前一項加到後一項之後或之中。如:
Add two to seven, and you will get nine.七加二等於九。
add up to意為「加起來總共是/累計得」,該短語不用於被動語態。如:
All his school ecation added up to no more than one year. 他的學校教育加起來不過一年。
affair; thing; matter; business
affair意為「事情、事件」, 含義較廣,泛指已做或待做的事;復數affairs一般指商業事務及政府的日常事務,如財政管理、外交事務等。
thing意為「事情、事物」,不管大事小事、好事壞事均稱為thing,一般不能專指事務;復數things還可作「形勢」解。
matter側重指須留心的要事或問題、難題。
business作「事務、事情」解時,一般不能用復數,常常指所指派的任務、責任;有時說的是指派的工作或商業上的買賣活動。
a great deal; a great deal of
a great deal用作名詞,意為「大量」,「許多」,作主語、賓語;用作副詞,意為「很」或「非常」,作狀語,修飾動詞或用來強調比較級。如:
A great deal has been studied and this is the best way. 經過大量研究後,這(被認為)是最好的辦法。
We are a great deal cleverer than before. 我們比以前聰明多了。
a great deal of意為「大量的」,「非常多的」,相當於much,作定語,後接不可數名詞。如:
A great deal of time/money/energy has been spent on the project.
大量的時間/金錢/能源花在那個工程上了。
agree on;agree to;agree with;agree that
agree on作「就……取得一致意見」解。例如:
The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.
上月,就建一座新汽車廠之事達成了協議。
agree to有兩層含義和用法:
其一是to作為動詞不定式符號,其後跟動詞原形,作「同意(答應)做某事」解。
例如: My father agreed to buy a new pen for me. 父親答應給我買支新鋼筆。
其二是to作為介詞,之後跟表示「計劃/條件/建議等一類的名詞或代詞」。例如:
They have a greed to our plan. 他們已同意我們的計劃。
agree with作「同意某人的意見」解,其後可跟表示人的名詞或代詞,也可跟表示「意見」或「說的話」的名詞或從句。例如:
He agreed with my opinions. 他同意了我的意見。
We agreed with what he said at the meeting. 我們同意他在會上講的話。
agree that作「認為……」解,其後跟賓語從句。例如:
I agree that your composition is very good. 我認為你的這篇作文寫得不錯。
allow;let 二者均可作「允許」解,但各有側重: allow重在「允許」或「容許」,也可表示客氣的請求。例如: He allowed me to take his dictionary.他允許我拿走他的詞典。 Will you allow me to use your bike? 我可以用你的自行車嗎? let作「允許」或「讓」解,主要用於口語,一般可與allow互換。作「允許」解時,常暗含「聽任」、「默許」之意;作「讓」解時,常含「祈使」或「建議」之意。注意:let之後作賓補的不定式不帶to,且不可用於被動語態,而allow則相反。例如: Please let me walk with you(=Please allow me to walk with you.).我(請允許我)跟你一起走。註:allow常用於allow sb.to do sth.或allow doing sth.結構中。
although; though; as
三者均可表示「盡管;雖然」,引導讓步狀語從句。although用法較正式,語氣較強;though較常用;as則主要用於倒裝句。它們的用法有如下幾點值得注意:
狀語從句由although, though或as引導,主句之前不可有but, and, so, however等並列連詞,但可有yet或still等副詞。although與though常可互換。例如:
Although/Though he believes it, yet he will not act. 他雖然相信它,但卻不肯有所行動。
as表示「盡管;雖然」,只能用於倒裝句,即:將表語、狀語或謂語動詞放在as之前。though也可這么用。例如:
Young as/though he is, he knows a lot. 他雖然年紀不大,卻懂得很多。
注意:如果表語是單數名詞,要省略a。例如:
Child as/though he is, he can speak two foreign languages. 雖然他是個孩子,但他會說兩門外語。
though可以放在句末,表示「但是」,although卻不能。例如:
They said they would come; they did not, though. 他們說他們會來,可是他們並沒有來。
although只用來陳述「事實」,不能表示「假設」。因此可以說even though「即使」以及as though「好像(=as if)」,不能說even although或as although。例如:
I believe you are on ty—even though you』re in plain clothes. 盡管你穿著便衣,我相信你是在值勤。
among/between
這兩個介詞都有「在……之間」的意思。between常用於兩者之間;among一般指三者或三者以上之間。若指三個以上人或物中的每兩個之間時,仍然要用between。
例如:The girl walked between her father and mother.這個女孩走在她父親和母親之間。
She is the tallest among her classmates.她在她同學之間是最高的。
Switzerland lies between France,Italy,Austria and Germany.
瑞士位於法國、義大利、奧地利和德國之間。
argue debate dispute 都含「辯論」的意思。
argue 著重「說理」、「論證」和「企圖說服」, 如:
I argued with her for a long time, but she refused to listen to reason.
我和她辯論了好久, 但她還是不聽。
debate 著重「雙方各述己見」, 內含「交鋒」的意思, 如:
We have been debating about the issue. 我們一直在就這個問題進行辯論。
dispute 指「激烈爭辯」, 含有「相持不下」或「未得解決」之意,如:
Whether he will be elected as chairman is still disputed. 他是否當選為主席, 仍然有爭論。
argue;quarrel;discuss
這三個動詞均有「爭」的意思,但「爭」法不同。
argue著重就自己的看法或觀點,提出論證,同他人「爭論」或「辯論」。例如:
We heard them arguing in the other room.我們聽見他們在另一個房間里爭論。
另外,argue同with搭配,其後接人;與about連用,其後接事物。例如:
We argued with them about this problem for a long time.這個問題我們同他們辯論了很長時間。
quarrel是指對某事不喜歡或強烈不滿而發生的「爭吵」或「吵架」。同with搭配,其後接某人;和about連用,其後接某事。例如:
He often quarrels about their housework with his wife.他常為家務事同妻子爭吵。
discuss是指認真交換自己的意見或看法的「討論」。例如:
We'll discuss the use of the articles tomorrow.明天我們將討論冠詞的用法。
as (so) far as; as (so) long as
as(so)far as的意思是「就……而言(所知)」,as (so) far as sth.is concerned是其中一種具體用法,意為「就某事而言」;as (so) long as意為「只要」,引導條件狀語從句。如:
As far as I know, more than 10 million laid-off workers have found their new jobs.
就我所知,一千多萬下崗工人已經找到了新的工作。
There is nothing that we can』t do so / as long as we keep on trying to do it.
只要我們不斷地努力去做,就沒有什麼事幹不成。
As far as the tourism of China is concerned, there is a long way to go.
就中國的旅遊業而言,需要做的工作還很多。
asleep/sleeping 二者都是形容詞。asleep僅用作表語,不能作定語,表示「睡著,熟睡」的意思;而sleeping一般只能用作定語,放在名詞前,表示「睡眠中的,休止的」意思。
如:我們不能說:an asleep baby,但可以說:a sleeping baby(一個熟睡的嬰兒)。
再如:He was asleep with his head on his arms.他頭枕著手臂在熟睡。
asleeping dog正在熟睡的狗 sleeping car卧車 sleeping bag睡袋
assert,affirm,maintain assert宣稱、斷言,常指某人主觀自信,堅持己見,有時不顧客觀事實而斷言下結論。 affirm指以事實為依據,深信不疑地肯定某種觀點或看法。 maintain指在相反的證據或論點面前,重申原來的某種觀點、立場。
A.Despite all the policeman』s questions the suspect ___ that he had been at home all evening.
B.It is nonsense to ___ that smoking does not damage people』s health.
C.Throughout his prison sentence Dunn has always ___ his innocence.
Answers:A.affirmed B.assert C.maintained
as though;even though;though
as though(=as if),意為「好像;似乎」,引導方式狀語從句或表語從句。如:
He spoke as though(as if)he had been here before.他說話的口氣好像他以前來過這里。
It looks as if(as though)it is going to rain.看起來好像要下雨。
even though(=even if),意為「即使」,引導讓步狀語從句。though也引導讓步狀語從句,意為「雖然」;even though有退一步設想的意味,與though不同。though引導的句子所說的是事實,even though引導的句子所說的則不一定是事實。例如:
He will not tell the secret even though(even if)he knows it.即使他知道這個秘密,他也不肯說出來。
He will not tell the secret though he knows it.他雖然知道這個秘密,但他不會說出來。
at the beginning;in the beginning at the beginning 在……初;在……開始的時候。常與of連用。例如: Students usually have a study plan at the beginning of term. 學生們在開學初制定學習計劃。 in the beginning 相當於at first,表示「起初、開始」時,含「起初是這種情況,而後來卻不是這種情況」之意,不與of連用。例如: In the beginning,some of us took no interest in physics. 起初我們有些人對物理不感興趣。
attack assail assault charge beset
都含有"攻擊"的意思。
attack 是常用詞, 指"攻擊敵人"或"用言論攻擊他人", 如:
Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941. 德國在1941年開始進攻蘇聯。
assail 指"猛烈連續地攻擊", 如:
The enemy plane assailed our defence position. 敵機不斷猛烈地攻擊我們的陣地。
assault 語氣比 assail強, 指"突然猛烈地進攻", 暗示"武力的直接接觸" (如肉搏等), 也有"暴力"的意思, 如:The enemy assaulted us at dawn. 敵人在黎明時向我進攻。
charge 指"沖擊"或"騎兵的突然攻擊", 如:
The cavalry charged to the front. 騎兵猛烈向前線沖擊。
beset 指"圍攻", 即從各個方向攻擊, 如:
In the swamp we were beset by mosquitoes. 在沼澤地里, 我們受到蚊子的圍攻。
at the age of/by the age of at the age of表示「在……歲時」,後面接基數詞,強調某一時刻的情況或動作,用於一般過去時,作時間狀語。例如:
At the age of six,he began to learn English.他六歲的時候開始學英語。
She learned to play the piano at the age often.她十歲的時候學彈鋼琴。
by the age of表示「到……歲的時候」、「在……歲以前」,後面接基數詞,強調到某一時刻為止的結果,用於過去完成時或將來完成時,作時間狀語。例如:
By the age of sixteen,he had learned to drive a car.到十六歲的時候,他已經學會了開小汽車。
You will have learned more than 2000 English words by the age of fourteen.
到你十四歲的時候,你將學會2000多個英語單詞。
at the time; at that time; at one time; at a time
at the time通常用於過去時句子中,指某件事情發生的「當時」、「那時」。例如:
Many people saw the strange thing happen at the time. 當時,許多人都看到了這件奇怪的事情的發生。
有時,at the time的後面可接「of...」短語。這時,它表示「在(某事態)發生的時候」或「在……的時代」。例如:
Were you in San Francisco at the time of the big earth quake in 1989?
1989年舊金山發生地震時,你在那裡嗎?
It happened at the time of King Alfred. 事情發生在阿爾弗雷德國王時期。
at that time 則通常指前文明確提到的某個時期、時候。通常其後不帶「of...」短語。例如:
In the 17th century much corn was grown in Tibet and Sichuan.At that time
(=At the 17th century) the land along the Changjiang River was becoming very crowded.
at one time=ring a period of time in the past意為「過去有一段時期」,「曾經」。例如:
They used to be good friends at one time. 他們曾經是好朋友。
at a time則意為「一次」,表示一個時間單位。它常與表示數量的詞語連用,表示頻率。例如:
Don』t speak all at once.One at a time, please. 不要同時一起說。一次只一個人說。
Take the medicine three times a day and three pieces at a time. 這些葯每天服三次,每次服三粒。
at ... speed / with ... speed
at the speed of或者at ... speed,意為「以……的速度」。而當speed被all, lightning, great等修飾時,介詞應用with。我們可用一句口訣來幫助記憶:都(all)以閃電般(lightning)大(great)的速度行駛。如:
Our car was running with all speed on the expressway. 我們的車在高速公路上全速行駛。
The Long March No.2 Rocket sent up the satellite into space at the speed of 11.2 kilometers per second. 長征二號火箭以每秒鍾11.2公里的速度將衛星發射到太空。
Ⅶ 初中英語單詞,句子意思及用法
the
other
表示兩者里的來另一個,源
the
others
表示不定范圍內的別的一些,
other
表示不定代詞,要加名詞,
others
表示不定范圍內的其他的
問外貌是:How
does
he
look
like?
問性格:What
is
his
character?
第一個是疑問詞加不定代詞
第二個是不知道額
Ⅷ 初二上冊英語單詞的用法 初二上冊英語單詞的用法講解
初二上冊抄英語單詞講襲解,作為一個上網的過路的人,我看到了這個問題剛好我又知道好的書那麼我就告訴你們吧.就拿一個good來說吧,good adj.好的;令人滿意的;美好的,有益的.可用於形容人或者事物;一般放在名詞前,或用於am,is,are之後.ex:a good friend好朋友.這個是我在直播課堂的書上看到的,反正這本書的單詞講解是非常仔細的.上邊的單詞解釋一個一個來的.非常好的哦,非常仔細的.