八年級上英語重點單詞短語句子

Ⅰ 初二英語上冊第九單元筆記（重要單詞，短語，句子）

【應掌握的片語】
1. ping-pong player乒乓球運動員 2. soccer player足球運動員 3. start/stop hiccupping 開始/停止打嗝 4. too… to…太……而不能…… 5. write music譜寫曲子 6. a movie star電影明星 7. learn to ride a bicycle學會騎自行車 8. start learning English開始學英語 9. begin playing sports 開始進行體育運動 10. a loving grandfather慈愛的祖父 11. spend all one』s free time with sb. 與某人一起度過了所有的業余時間 12. a famous violinist 著名的小提琴手 13. ice skating滑冰 14. a kind and loving grandmother 和藹而慈愛的祖母 15. a skating champion 滑冰冠軍 16. the famous Chinese pianist 中國著名的鋼琴演奏家 17. a small boy(girl)孩提時期 18. at the age of…=when …years old在…歲時 19. take part in參加、加入 20. begin to learn the accordion開始學習手風琴 21. major in 主修，專修 22. start for …(地方)=leave for …(地方) 動身去… 23. because of 因為、由於 24. table tennis 乒乓球運動 25. world record 世界記錄 26. called …名叫…的 27. free time業余時間、空閑時間 28. in the history of music 在音樂史上 29. national team國家隊 30. win first prize 贏得一等獎 31. be born 出生 31. how long多久，多長時間 32.start doing(to do )sth.開始做某事 33. stop doing sth.停止做某事
【應掌握的句子】 1．When was he born？
他是什麼時候出生的？
翻譯：你弟弟是什麼時候出生的？
鄧亞萍是什麼時候出生的？
她是1973年6月2日出生的。
喬丹是在哪出生的？他出生在美國。
2．Who』s that? That』s Deng Yaping.
She is a great Chinese ping-pong player
. 那是誰？是鄧亞萍。她是中國一位傑出的乒乓球運動員。
翻譯：那邊那個人是誰？是王林，我們班的一位同學。
3．How long did Charles Osborne hiccup?
He hiccupped for 69 years 5 months.
查里斯˙奧斯本打嗝打了多長時間？他打了69年零5個月。
翻譯：他什麼時候開始打嗝的？他是1922年開始的。
他是在5點鍾開始工作的。
星期天我通常是在8點鍾開始學習的。
我們明天清早就出發。

Ⅱ 八年級上冊英語重點片語和句子

八年級上知識點總結
Unit 1: How often do you exercise?
【語言目標】
● What do you usually do on weekends? I sometimes go to the beach.
● How often do you eat vegetables? Every day.
● Most students do homework every day.
【重點詞彙】
● always, usually , often, sometimes , hardly , ever, never.
● how often, once , twice , three times a week , every day.
【應掌握的片語】
1. go to the movies 去看電影
2. look after = take care of 照顧
3. surf the internet 上網
4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式
5. go skate boarding 去滑板
6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康
7. exercise=take(much)exercise=do sports鍛煉
8. eating habits 飲食習慣
9. take more exercise 做更多的運動
10. the same as 與什麼相同
11. be different from 不同
12. once a month一月一次
13. twice a week一周兩次
14. make a difference to 對什麼有影響
15. how often 多久一次
16. although = though雖然
17. most of the students=most students
18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 購物
19. as for至於
20. activity survey活動調查
21. do homework做家庭作業
22. do housework做家務事
23. eat less meat吃更少的肉
24. junk food垃圾食物
25. be good for 對什麼有益
26. be bad for對什麼有害
27. want to do sth 想做某事
28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事
29. try to do sth 盡量做某事
30. come home from school放學回家
31. of course = certainly = sure當然
32. get good grades取得好成績
33. some advice
34. hardly=not nearly / almost not幾乎不
35. keep/be in good health保持健康
36.be stressed out緊張的，有壓力的
37. take a vacation 去度假
48.get back 回來
【應掌握的句子】
1. How often do you exercise? 你（你們）多久鍛煉一次身體？
How often + 助動詞do(does或did) + 主語 + do sth.? 疑問詞how often是問頻率(多久一次),（在這里助動詞do(does或did) 是起幫助構成疑問的作用）與一般現在時或一般過去時連用，回答一般是用表示頻率的副詞，如：once, twice, three times…, 2. 「What do you usually do on weekends?」 「 I usually play soccer.」
「周末你通常做什麼？」「我通常踢足球。」
第一個do為助動詞, 在這起幫助構成疑問的作用；而第二個do則是實義動詞。
3. 「What』s your favorite program?」 「It』s Animal World.」
=What program do you like best?
「你最喜歡什麼節目？」「動物世界。」
4. As for homework , most students do homework every day .
as for...意思是「至於；關於」，常用於句首作狀語，其後跟名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing形式（即動名詞）。如： As for him，I never want to see him here. 至於他，我永遠不希望在這里見到。
As for the story，you'd better not believe it. 關於那故事，你最好不要相信。
5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her .
want to do sth. 意思是「想要做某事」；
want sb. to do sth.意思是「想要某人做某事」。如：
Do you want to go to the movies with me？你想和我一起去看電影嗎？
The teacher doesn't want us to eat hamburgers.老師不想讓我們吃漢堡包。
6. She says it』s good for my health.
be good for...表示「對……有益（有好處）」;其反義為：be bad for...。（這里for 是介詞，後跟名詞、代詞或動名詞）
如：It's good for us to do more reading. 多讀書對我們有好處。
Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.在床上讀書對你的眼睛有害。
7. How many hours do you sleep every night?
8. I exercise every day , usually when I come home from school .
9. My eating habits are pretty good .這里pretty相當於very 。
10. I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week .
try to do sth.表示「 盡力做某事 」 ，不包含是否成功的意思而try doing sth.表示「（用某一辦法）試著去做某事」。
如: You』d better try doing the experiment in another way.
你最好試試用另一種方法做這個試驗。
11. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades.
help sb.(to) do sth.幫助某人做某事
12. Good food and exercise help me to study better.
這里better是well的比較級，而不是good的比較級
13. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different?
＝Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from yours? be the same as … / be different from …
14. What sports do you play ?
15. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health .
keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy
16. You must try to eat less meat .
try to do sth.表示「 盡力做某事 」 ,不包含是否成功的意思,less是little的比較級
17. That sounds interesting.
這是「主語+系動詞+表語」結構的簡單句。sound（聽起來），look（看起來），smell
（聞起來），taste（嘗起來），feel（覺得），seem（好象），grow（變得）,get
（變得）等詞在英語中可用作系動詞，後跟形容詞作表語。如：
It tastes good. 這味道好。
The music sounds very sweet. 這音樂聽起來很入耳。
The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 煙霧變得越來越濃了。
【詞語辨析】
maybe 是副詞，意為「大概， 可能，或許」，一般用於句首。May be是情態動詞，意為「可能是..，也許是..，大概是..」.

a few (少數的，幾個，一些)
a little (一點兒，少量)
表示肯定
few (很少的，幾乎沒有的)
little (很少的，幾乎沒有的)
表示否定
修飾可數名詞
修飾不可數名詞

none指人或物，強調數量，用how many提問，常與of連用。no one 多指人，強調「無人」這種狀態，用who提問，不可與of連用，作主語時，其謂語動詞用第三人稱單數形式。
hard作形容詞，意為「困難的，艱苦的，硬的」；作副詞，意為「努力地，猛烈地」。Hardly意為「幾乎不」。
Unit 2 What』s the matter?
【語言目標】
● What』s the matter? I have a headache.
● You should drink some tea. The sounds like a good idea.
● I have a sore back. That』s too bad .
● I hope you feel better soon.
【重點詞彙】
● head, nose, eye, ear, tooth, neck, stomach, back, leg, arm, foot, throat
● thirsty, stressed out,/ dentist, lie, rest, honey, water, illness, advice.
● cold, fever, headache, toothache, stomachache, sore throat
【應掌握的片語】
1. Have a cold 感冒
2. sore back 背痛
3. neck and neck 並駕齊驅，齊頭並進
4. I have a stomachache 我胃痛
= I have got a stomachache = There is something wrong with my stomach
= My stomach hurts = I have (got) a pain in my stomach
5. What』s the matter? 怎麼了？
= What』s the trouble (with you)? = What』s your trouble?= What』s wrong (with you)?
= What』 the matter (with you)? =What has happened to you?
= Is there anything wrong (with you)? = what』s up?
6. sore throat 咽喉痛
7. lie down and rest 躺下休息
8. see a dentist 看牙醫
9. drink lots of water 多喝水
10. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的熱茶
11.That』s a good idea 好主意
12.That』s too bad 太糟糕了
13.I think so 我認為如此
14. I』m not feeling well. 我覺得不太舒服
= I』m not feeling fine/all right. = I』m feeling ill/sick. =I feel terrible/bad.
= I don』t feel well.
15. get some rest 多休息
16. I have no idea = I don』t know 我不知道
17. stressed out 筋疲力盡
18. I am tired 我累了 He is tired. 他累了
19. a healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式
20. traditional Chinese doctors傳統中醫
21. a balance of yin and yang陰陽調和
22. you have too much yin.你陰氣太盛
23. to eat a balance diet飲食平衡
24. healthy food 健康食品
25. stay healthy 保持健康=keep healthy=keep in good health = keep fit
26. enjoy oneself (myself, yourself, herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself
反身代詞) 玩得高興，過得愉快
=have a good time = have a wonderful time = have fun
27. enjoy sth. =like sth. (名詞)喜歡某物,
enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事=like doing sth practice doing sth.練習做某事，
mind doing sth. 介意做某事， finish doing sth.完成某事，
give up doing sth.放棄做某事， can』t help doing sth.忍不住做某事，
keep doing sth. 堅持做某事. （keep on doing sth. / keep sb. doing sth. ）
be busy doing sth. 忙著做某事 be used to doing sth.習慣於做某事
make a contribution to doing sth.為..做貢獻
go on doing sth. 繼續做某事 forget doing sth.忘記做過某事
remember doing sth. 記得做過某事 spend....(in) doing sth. 花（時間）來做某事
prefer doing sth.to doing sth.比起（做...）來更願意（做...）
28. at the moment = now 此刻
29. Host family 東道家庭
30. Conversation practice會話練習
31. I』m sorry to hear that.聽到此事我很難過
【應掌握的句子】
1． What』s the matter? I have a bad cold. 你怎麼了？我得了重感冒。
2．Maybe you should see a dentist. 或許你應該看牙醫。
我們不應該上課吃東西。We shoudn』t eat food in class,
3．I hope you feel better soon. 我希望你很快好起來。
我希望他明天能來。I hope you will come here tomorrow.
4．Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy.
傳統中醫認為我們需要陰陽調和以保持身體健康。
Teachers think we should study hard to get good grade.
我相信每天晚上睡眠8個小時很重要。
5．Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this.
吃黨參和黃芪等草本植物也對這有好處。
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
6．People who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang.
太緊張易怒的人或許吃了太多的陽性食物。
7．It』s easy to have a healthy lifestyle, and it』s important to eat a balanced diet.
有一個健康的生活方式很容易，飲食平衡是很重要的。
翻譯：學好英語不是很容易的。It』s not easy to study English.
8．When you are tired, you shouldn』t go out at night. 疲倦時，晚上你不該外出。
9．I believe him, but I can』t believe in him.
他的話是真的，但是我不信任他這個人。
10．I am not feeling very well at the moment. 這段時間我感覺不大好。
I』m tired and I have a lot of headaches. 我很疲勞，而且經常頭痛。
11．I』m stressed out because my Mandarin isn』t improving.
我很容易緊張，因為普通話沒有長進。
12．I practice playing the piano every day.我每天練習彈鋼琴。
翻譯：他每天練習踢足球。I practice playing soccer every day.
13．She had finished writing the letter when I went in.
我進去時，她已經寫完信了。
14．The doctor asked him to give up smoking.醫生叫他戒煙。
翻譯：不要放棄學英語。Don』t give up studying English.
15．Do you mind closing the window? 請把窗戶關上好嗎？
翻譯：在這里吸煙你介意嗎？Do you mind smoking here?
16．Mary couldn』t help laughing at his jokes.對於他的玩笑，瑪莉忍不住笑了。
17．They kept working though it was raining.盡管天在下雨，他們仍堅持工作。
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?
【語言目標】
● What are you doing for vacation?
I』m spending time with my friends.
● When are you going?
I』m going next week.
● How long are you staying?
We』re staying for two weeks.
【重點詞彙】
● babysitting, going sightseeing, going fishing
● how long / plan, decide / at home, get back
【應掌握的片語】
1. babysit one』s sister 照顧妹妹
2. visit one』s grandmother 看望奶奶
3. spend time with friends 和朋友們一起度過時光
4. visit cousins 看望表弟等
5. go to sports camp 去運動野營
6. o to the beach 去海灘
7. go camping 去野營
8. Go shopping 去買東西
9. go swimming 去游泳
10. go boating去劃船
11. go skating 去溜冰
12. go walking去散步
13. go climbing 去登山
14. go dancing去跳舞
15. go hiking 去徒步遠足
16. go sightseeing 去觀光 go bike riding 騎自行車旅行，go fishing 去釣魚
17. go house-hunting 去找房子
18. o on a hike 徒步旅行，
19. do some shopping 買東西
20. do some washing 洗衣服
21. do some cooking 作飯
22. do some reading 讀書
23. do some speaking訓練口語
24. do some sewing 做縫紉活
25. that sounds nice 那好極了
26. at home 在家
27. how about=what about ……怎麼樣？
28. how long 多長時間
29. how far 多遠
30. how often 多長時間一次
31. how much, how many 多少
32. have a good time
=have fun= have a wonderful time= enjoy oneself 玩得高興，過得愉快
33. show sb. Sth.=show sth. to sb.出示某物給某人看
give me the book=give the book to me 給我書，
pass me the cup=pass the cup to me 把杯子遞給我，
sell me the house=sell the house to me 把房子賣給我
buy me a book =buy a book for me 給我買書，
make me a cake = make a cake for me給我做蛋糕
34. get back=come back回來
35. rent videos租借影碟
36. take walks=go for a walk散步
37. think about 考慮
38. decide on= decide upon決定一個計劃
39. something different 不同的事情
40．a great vacation 一個愉快的假期
41. I can』t wait 我等不及了
42. the famous movie star 著名的影星
43. an exciting vacation 激動人心的假期
44. Ask her about her plans 向她詢問她的計劃
ask sb. about sth.向某人詢問某事
45. forget to do sth. 忘記要做某事forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事
【應該掌握的句子】
1．What are you doing for vacation? I』m babysitting my sister.
假期你要做什麼？我要照顧我的妹妹。
2．Who are you going with? I』m going with my parents.你要和誰一起去？我要和父母一起去。
3．I』m going to Tibet for a week. 我要去西藏一周。
4．What are you doing there? I』m going hiking in the mountains.

Ⅲ 人教版八年級下冊英語重點單詞短語及用法。謝謝了。

人教版新目標8年級下英語語法重點 Unit 1 Will people have robots? 重點語法：一般將來時態的應用 Unit 2 What should I do? 重點語法：過去將來時態（將來時態的委婉說法） Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived? 重點語法：過去進行時態 Unit 4 He said I was hard-working. 重點語法：賓語從句 Unit 5 If you go to the party, you'll have a great time! 重點語法：if 引導的條件狀語從句 Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells? 重點語法：現在完成進行時態 Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music? 重點語法：mind [one's] doing sth. 介意（某人）做某事 Unit 8 Why don't you get her a scarf? 重點語法：詢問別人為什麼要做或者不做某事 Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement? 重點語法：現在完成時態 Unit 10 It's a nice day, isn't it? 重點語法：反意疑問句

Ⅳ 初二（上）英語重點短語，句子均50個以上。

1 advice & message
注意：a piece of advice (不可數)a message（可數）
2 on earth 究竟，到底；
on time 按時
on business 因公
3 help sb. with ……
with the help of sb.在某人的幫助之下。
4 from …to…（從…到…） 既可以是時間，也可以是空間
from Monday to Friday is weekday.
from time to time 時而不時
5 a few a bit of 都修飾可數名詞，表示一些
a little a bit 修飾形容詞，表示有點 可以用kind of 替換，kind of 又有種類意思。
a kind of （一種）all kinds of
6 重要搭配
continue to do sth.
advise（建議） sb. to do
agree （同意）sb. to do
ask （要求）sb. to do
choose （選擇）to do
decide（決定） to do
forget （忘記）remember（記得） to do（要做的事） (or) doing（以前做過的）
make sb.(sth.) +adj. make sb. do
send…to…
translate…into…（把…翻譯成…)
speak/talk to sb.
fly to（坐飛機去…）
8短語——動詞+介詞
hear from sb.(收到某人來信)
hear about/of（聽說）
live on（以…為生）
say goodbye to sb.(向某人說…)
sell out （賣完）
talk sb. out of (說服某人放棄…)
smell at /laugh at （微笑/嘲笑）
shake hands with（握手）
think of（認為，想出） / about 考慮
can't wait to do（等不及做某事）
work on/work out（在每方面付出努力，強調過程/算出，計算出，重在結果）
hang out （閑逛）
get/be angry with sb./at sth.(生某人的氣/因某事而生氣）
get married（結婚）
get on/off（上/下車）
get on+ adj. with （與某人相處如何，處理…如何)
get over （克服）
go shoping類型短語，go+v-ing
go on 繼續，其後可加v-ing，to-v，加doing時表示繼續做剛才的事，加to do時只是繼續做事情。
go along （沿著…走）
arrive at/in +地點；in/on+時間
depend on 依賴，依靠
find out（the answer/truth）通過努力查明事實真相
be afraid of （害怕…）
be born …出生…
be different from 反義：the same as
be excited about（因某事而驚訝）
be excited to do （做某事很興奮）
be famous as/for（作為…/因…而出名）
be proud of （為…感到驕傲）
be sure（確定）
have a good time
have a look/ have a talk /have a try （看一看/說一說/試一試）
have （舉辦）a party
do（舉辦）concerts
do cleaning（do+v-ing形式）
do some shopping（do+some+v-ing形式）
take around=show sb. around （帶某人參觀…）
take away（帶走）
take a deep breath（深呼吸）
take photos of…（拍…照片/為某人拍照）
take place
take off （反義put on）脫下，還有飛機起飛的意思。
take care (of) 小心/照顧…

Ⅳ 八年級上冊英語重點單詞、短語、句型和語法 急急急急急急 要分單元的

呵呵 希望對你有所幫助 祝樓主進步哈
Unit 1 How often do you exercise?
Grammar: 特殊疑問句：wh-questions: what, who, where, when, which, whose, why, whom等。
特殊疑問句的構成及用法：
結構：特殊疑問詞+ 一般疑問句， 即：特殊疑問詞+be/助動詞/情態動詞+主語+謂語/表語（+其他）
疑問代詞：
1) Who:誰。做主語，用來指人 Who is the boy under the tree?
2）Whom 誰，做賓語，用來指人 Whom are you writing to?
3) Whose 誰的，用來指所屬關系，如果做定語，一般後接名詞 Whose pen is this?
4) Which 哪個，哪些，用來指對人或物在一定范圍之內進行選擇 Which grils will in the sports meeting? Which pen is Lily』s?
5)What什麼，通常指物，也可指人，一般用在沒有指出范圍的情況下 What can you see in the picture? What are you doing now?
疑問副詞：
When:何時，詢問時間 When will she come back?
Where何地，詢問地點， Where do you come from?
Why為什麼，詢問原因， Why are you late for school?
How 如何，詢問手段、方式、工具以及程度等 How do you usually go to school?
How old多大，詢問年齡，How old is Jim』s little brother?
How many/much多少，詢問數量 How many birds are there in the tree?
How far多遠，詢問距離， How far is it form your home to school?
How long多長，多久，詢問時間的長度或距離 How long will you stay in Beijing?
How often多長時間按一次，詢問頻率 How often do you go to see your grandparents?
How soon多久，詢問時間 How soon will you come back?
頻率副詞：表示動作發生的頻率，never, sometimes, often, usually, always.
Unit 2 What』s the matter with you?
Grammar:
1. 用have 來描述身體不適 have/have got a +疾病名字；得了……病
2.情態動詞should,情態動詞should,can, may, must沒有人稱和時態的變化，後接動詞原形
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?
Grammar:現在進行時表將來 一般將來時
表示將要做某事或計劃打算做某事要用到句型「be+doing」其中be是助動詞，它有人稱和單復數的變化。Be: am, is, are. be + v.ing是現在進行時的形式，但用於表示將來。用進行時表將來，常用於表示即將來臨的未來預定要做的事情，一般指個人計劃要做的事。用於此情況的動詞一般是表示位置轉移的動詞，如，go, come, leave, start, arrive, move等。
一．肯定句中，結構為「be+doing.」
I am going shopping this afternoon.
二．否定句是在be之後加not. I』m not going to shopping this afternoon.
三．一般疑問句是將be置於句首 Are you going shopping this afternoon?—Yes, I am/ we are. No, I』m not./ We aren』t.
四．特殊疑問句「疑問詞+一般疑問句語序。」
What are you doing for vacation? When is he going camping?
Who are you going there with? Where is she going?

Unit 4 How do you get to school?
Grammar: How引導的特殊疑問句：是指以How, how far, how long, how old,how many, how much等詞開頭的疑問句。
How does he get to shool?---- He takes the train to get to shool.
How long does it take to walk? ----It takes about 35 minutes to walk.
How far is it from your home to school? It』s four miles from my home to school.
How old is he now? She is twelve years old now.
How many storybooks do you have? I have five storybooks.
How much is this coat? This coat is 200 yuan.
特殊疑問句的簡略結構：how about…?+ 名詞或動詞-ing形式，用於提出建議、請求或徵求意見、詢問消息等。如：How about playing tennis?
Unit 5 Can you come to my party?
Grammar:情態動詞can及邀請句式及其問答
情態動詞can的用法：
Can 是最長用的情態動詞，其後跟動詞原形，can的否定形式為cannot，can』t.
can表「能力」，意思是：能，會 I can paly basketball,but I can』t swim.
can表示能力時可和be able to 互換，be able to有更多的時態，常被用來表示can所 不能表示的將來或完成的概念。E.g. They will be able to run this machine on their own in three months.
表示「可能性」，意思是：可以，可能。That big cinema can seat 5,000 people.
表示允許，意思是可以能夠 You can have the book when I have finished it.
表示「驚訝、不相信等（用於疑問句、否定句或感嘆句中」。意思是「會、可能。」
This can』t be true. Can it be true?
如何發出、接受和謝絕別人的邀請
表達邀請的常用句型：
Can you come to…?
Could you come to…?
Would you like to come to…?
Do you want to come to…?
接受邀請的常用句型：
Sure. Certainly. OK. I』d love to.
謝絕邀請的常用句型：
I』m sorry, I can』t. I have to…
I』m afraid I can』t. I have to…
I don』t think I can. I have to…
Unit 6 I』m more outgoing than my sister.
Grammar:形容詞的比較級
規則變化、不規則變化（課本P93）
than 是比較級中最常見的標志詞，意思是「比」。用於引出比較的對象。1.He draws better than me.2.You』re older than I am. You are older than me.
形容詞比較級前，有時可以用much,far, a little,a bit, even, three times等詞來修飾。Much 和far表示「……得多」,much better好得多，a little, a bit表示稍微，一些，一點。a little shorter, 稍微矮點；even表示「甚至，更加，還要……」even bigger還要大些，three times表示 「…三倍」，如three times bigger than 比……大三倍
Very絕不可以用來修飾比較級，very,so,too, quite 修飾原級
Unit 7 How do you make banana milk shake?
Grammar: 可數名詞與不可數名詞
一．可數名詞
英語中的物質名詞大體上可分為可數名詞和不可數名詞。可數名詞指物體的數量可數。其單數形式可在名詞前加a或an,表示一個，如a pear. 其負數形式要在詞尾加-s,或-es（特殊情況除外），如two bananas, three tomatoes. Many many apples a few students few bags
二．不可數名詞
1.不可數名詞指物體的數量不可數。不可數名詞沒有單復數之分，也不能在詞前直接加冠詞a 或an.表示不可數名詞的數量時可在不可數名詞前加相應的由量詞構成的短語。如a bag of… 2.常見的量詞短語有：
a piece of… a cup of… a teaspoon of… a bottle of…
3.不可數名詞還可以用下面的詞表示數量：much much rain a little little
4.既可以修飾不可數名詞又可以修飾不可數名詞的詞有：
Lots of= a lot of許多，大量 some一些（用於肯定句）any一些（用於否定句和一般疑問句）
Unit 8 How was your school trip?
Grammar:
一般過去時：指在過去某一時間內發生的動作或存在的狀態，常和表示過去意義的時間狀語連用。如：yesterday, last year(week,month…),two years ago, in2006等。有時也可用when,after,before, as soon as引導的時間狀語從句。該時態在句中的體現是謂語動詞用過去式。謂語be動詞→was/were 否定：wasn』t /weren』t
Be動詞句型
一般疑問句：was/were +主語…
特殊疑問句：疑問詞+was/were+主語
陳述句：主語+was/were+…(肯定句) 否定句：主語+wasn』t/weren』t+…
行為動詞句型（當句中的動詞為行為動詞時，要藉助動詞did構成一般疑問句和否定句）
肯定式：主語+動詞過去式
否定式：主語+didn』t+動詞原形
一般疑問句：Did +主語+動詞原形
特殊疑問句：Did+主語+動詞原形
Unit 9 When was he born?
Grammar: 一般過去時的特殊疑問句
一般過去時的特殊疑問句的變法同一般現在時一樣，不同之處在於須將be動詞或助動詞改為過去時態，即「特殊疑問詞+were或was(第三人稱單數)+主語+（表語）+其他成分」或「特殊疑問詞+助動詞did+主語+實義動詞+其他成分。」
以when引導的特殊疑問句，對某人的出生年月進行提問，句型是：
When was/were…born? … was/were born in +時間
When was David beckham born? 大衛.貝克漢姆是什麼時候出生的？He was born in 1975.
二．以how long 引導的特殊疑問句，對表示某一短時間的狀語進行提問。句型是：
How long did + 主語+動詞？
How long did Charles Smith hiccup? He hiccupped for 69 years and 5 months.
三．When did he start hiccupping? 他什麼時候開始打嗝？When +did+主語+動詞？
Unit 10 I』m going to be a basketball player.
Grammar:一般將來時
表示將來某個時間要發生的動作或存在的狀態，也表示將來經常或反復發生的動作，常與表示將來的時間狀語連用。
1. be going to + 動詞原形 What are you going to do next Sunday?
2. will/shall + 動詞原形 I will go to my hometown next week.
3.be +v.ing The Greens are moving to another city the day after tomorrow.
4. be +動詞不定式 You are to be back by 10 o』clock.
5. be + about + 動詞不定式 The meeting is about to begin.
Unit 11 Could you please clean your room?
Grammar:情態動詞
情態動詞，表示說話者對某一動作的看法和態度，包括可能、懷疑、允許、願望、必要、猜測等。Can(能、會),may( 可以),must( 必須、一定)等。
情態動詞的特點：(1)情態動詞有一定詞義，但不能單獨作謂語，必須和另一個動詞原形一起構成謂語，且沒有人稱和數的變化。1. I can speak English. 2. She must be a teacher. 3. We may go home now.
(2)變否定句時，直接在情態動詞後面加not,無需加助動詞。He can』t play the guitar well.
He can』t answer the question. You mustn』t be late.
(3)含有情態動詞的句子變一般疑問句時，須將情態動詞提前。Can you help me? Must I go there at once?
(4)can 可表示能力、允許、可能性、懷疑猜測，意為「能，會，可以。」can』t, 意為「不能，不會，不可以。」，還有「不可能」之意。
--Can you drive? – Sorry, I can』t. It can』t be true.
(5)can 也可表示請求與邀請
Can you please sweep the floor?
Unit12 What』s the best radio station?
Grammar:形容詞/副詞的最高級，用於三者或三者以上的人或事物之間的比較，表示在一群人或事物中，其中一個 「最……」見課本p93語法
the +最高級 She is the tallest of all her classmates.
最高級可被序數詞以及much, by far,nearly,almost, by no means, not quite,not really, nothing like等修飾。This hat is by far the biggest.
表示最高程度的形容詞，excellent, extreme, prefect等沒有最高級也不能用比較級。He is an excellent teacher.
形容詞最高級間修飾做表語或介詞並與的名詞代詞是，被修飾的詞往往省略。
He is the youngest (boy) in his class.
Who/Which +be+最高級，A,B,or C? Who is the most useful, a bicycle, a motorcycle,or a car?
the +序數詞+最高級 He is the second tallest student in our class.
One of the +最高級+復數名詞 The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.

Ⅵ 新人教版八年級上冊英語第二單元重點單詞,短語

一．重點句型：
1. Give advice提出建議
advice是不可數名詞，意為「建議，忠告，勸告」。常用短語有：
give sb．advice給某人提建議 take one's advice接受某人的建議 listen to one's advice聽從某人的建議 ask for one's advice徵求某人的建議
He often gives us some good advice．他經常給我們提出一些好的建議。
注意
表示「一條建議」時應說a piece of advice，而不能說an advice；「一些建議」最 some advice。 2. What』s the matter?怎麼了？
(1)這是詢問病人病情時最常用的問句，意為「怎麼了?」，通常與介詞with連用。 類似的問句還有：
What's wrong?怎麼了? What's wrong with you?你怎麼了? What's your trouble?你怎麼了? What's the trouble with you?你怎麼了? What's up?怎麼了?
注意
用此類句型時，matter前需加定冠詞the；wrong前不加任何修飾詞；trouble前可加the，也可加形容詞性物主代詞。
(2)matter作名詞時，意為「事情，問題，情況」；matter也可用作動詞，意為「要緊；關系重大」，主要用於疑問句和否定句中。
There is a matter I would like to discuss with you． 有件事我想和你討論一下。
It doesn't matter if you're late—we'll wait for you． 你來晚了也不要緊——我們會等著你的。
3. I have a cold. 我感冒了。 have a cold傷風，感冒 have a sore throat喉嚨痛
have a bad cold重感冒
have a stomachache肚子痛；胃痛
have a fever發燒

have a cough咳嗽 have a headache頭痛
have a toothache牙痛
注意
have a cold和catch a cold都可用來表示「傷風，感冒」，catch a cold側重患感冒的動作，屬於短暫的動作，不能與how long和for及since引起的時間狀語連用。 「你感冒多長時間了?」「我感冒5天了。」 正：—How long have you had a cold?
—I have had a cold for five days。
誤：—How long have you caught a cold? —I have caught a cold for five days．
4．I have a stomachache．我胃痛。
這是患病或身體某部位不舒服的一種表達方法。在英語中，表達「疼痛或不舒服」 時常用的幾個詞有ache，sore，pain和hurt等。其用法總結如下： (1)「主語+have／has+a+病症」。
Jim has a bad cold．吉姆患了重感冒。
(2)「主語+have／has+a+sore+發病部位」。sore為形容詞，故放在表示身體部位的名詞前面，構成名詞性短語。
I had a sore throat last week．上周我喉嚨痛。
(3)「主語+have／has+a+部位-ache"。ache為名詞，也可作後綴，常與表示身體部位的名詞合成另外一個新詞，表示身體某部位疼痛。 She has a toothache．她牙痛。
(4)「部位+hurt(s)」。hurt是動詞，意為「疼，痛」，其過去式仍為hurt，表達某一具 體位置的疼痛。
My head hurts badly．我頭疼得厲害。
(5)「(there is)someting wrong with+one's+部位」意為「某人……不舒服／出了毛病」。 1 can't see anything．I think there must be something wrong with my eyes． 我什麼也看不見。我想我的眼睛一定出毛病了。