說明文寫作英語ppt

⑴ 高中英語說明文的寫作應注意哪些

說明文的寫抄作應該注意的事項有下面幾點:
1.語言簡明扼要通俗易懂避免誇張華麗的辭藻要把真實的一面展現在讀者面前；
2.說明時一定要把握一個中心主題.說明文中細枝末節較多但不能喧賓奪主；
3.說明的次序非常重要.合理的次序會使文章條理清楚脈絡明晰.因此練習時可以嘗試不同的次序進行寫作找出最合理的一種；
4.由於說明文寫實性較強有時難免會讓人感到沒有生氣.因此可以適當使用一些比喻擬人等修辭手段來增加文章的色彩。
英語說明文寫作要點：
說明文是闡述事物的特徵本質性能結構用途或科學原理的一種文體.其說明的對象可以是具體的如:自然環境儀表設備等;也可以是抽象的如概念定律等。
說明文的寫作相對於論說文來說有一定的套路可循因此不是十分復雜.說明科技方面的內容常用定義法比較對比法分類法因果法等;說明自然環境方面的內容常用時間次序法分類法等.當然隨著對象的不同具體應該採用的方法也會有所不同。

⑵ 求英文說明文模板

英文說明文模板,從比較對照、分類、特徵、因果、人物描寫、地點描寫、物體描寫分別講解，最後附上常用的句型。
說明文是對事情的發生、發展、結果、特徵、性質、狀態、功能等進行解釋、介紹、闡述的一種文體。這類文章的目的和性質是客觀地介紹、解釋事物，使讀者獲得知識和信息，並不需要發表主張、做出證明。一般說來，知識簡介，商品介紹，旅遊指南，科技讀物，工作總結，實驗報告，教材輔導等均屬說明文之列。
寫說明文，可以按時間、空間、結構、邏輯順序來寫，也可以採取舉例、比較、對比、分類、分析、說明、敘述等方法。
1.比較對照
比較對照有兩種，一是逐點比較，二是整塊比較，即AB交錯或先A後B：
1）逐點比較：多數人認為這種AB交錯的方式可以避免行文的單調沉悶，對比的效果更鮮明突出。如：
There are basic differences between largeand small enterprises. In a small enterprise, you operated mainly throughpersonal contacts. In a large enterprise, you have established 「policies」 ,「channels」 of organization, and fairly strict procere. In the smallenterprise you have immediate effectiveness in a very small area. You can seethe effect of your work and of your decisions ground. In the large organizationyou are normally taught one thing thoroughly. In the small one the danger is ofbecoming a Jack-of-all-trades-but-master-of-none. In the large it is ofbecoming the man who knows more and more about less and less.
2) 整塊比較
It is easy to be a winner. A winner canshow his joy publicly. He can laugh and sing and dance and celebrate hisvictory. People love to be with winners. Winners are never lonely. Unlikewinners, losers are the lonely ones of the world. It is difficult to facedefeat with dignity. Losers can not show their disappointment publicly. Theycan not cry or grieve about their defeat. They may suffer privately, but theymust be composed in public. They have nothing to celebrate and no one to sharetheir sadness.
2.分類
分類是人類認識客觀世界的重要手段之一，也是描寫事物、解釋觀點最有效的方式之一。通過將一事物分類，可使復雜事物變得清晰明了，便於作者闡述自己的觀點。
分類段落的各類排列要條理，可採用從主要到次要，從次要到主要，從多到少或從少到多等方式排列，亦可平行排列。如：
1） As far as political views are concerned, people fall into threecategories. First are the conservative people. Conservatives are opposed tosudden or great changes. Second are the liberal people.These people are infavor of progress and reform. But their opinions often seem to idealistic. Thethird type is the moderate people. The moderates keep everything withinreasonable limits. They are more practical in this hard world. In my opinion,most people seem to belong to this group.
本段採用平行排列的方式，按人的政治觀點分為三類：保守、自由和溫和。
2) These are several reasons why I decidedtom attend Bingston University . First of all, the tuition is reasonable.Secondly, the university has a deferred payment plan., which lessons the loadof peasant families like mine. Another reason is that Bingston has the finestteachers in its graate program. My chief reason, however, is Bingston』sprogram in agriculture, my chosen field, which is recognized as the leader inthis area.
該段採用主次排列的方式，分析了作者決定上Bingston大學的原因。
3) According to Mr. Li, the fifteenstudents of his cLASS fall into three groups. Seven of them work hard and studywell. They always get good marks in examinations and are often praised by theteachers. Li calls them 「good students」. The monitor, the secretary of theYouth League, and the captain of the cLASS volleyball team, are quick infinding out what their fellow students are interested in or what they should doas a collective. They always organize proper activities at the proper time. SoLi calls them 「good organizers」. Four other students are very kind to theircLASSmates, always ready to lend them a helping hand. They help to clean thecLASSroom and the corridor even when they are not on ty. Li says that theyare 「 good comrades」. 「What about yourself?」 someone asks him. 「I』m a group bymy self ——a good observer」.
該段不同於以上兩段，不是先分類再解釋，而是先說明其特點，然後定義分類。雖分類並不科學，卻達到了其幽默之目的。
3.特徵
例證指具體說明人或事物特點、本質及其規律的方法。所用例子需有代表性、典型性。例證型段落的寫作方式多為先提出主題再列舉事例。在事例之前一般有For example或For instance。例證後面，根據情況還可以加上結論句。如：
In order to prevent non-smokers from beingaffected, measures must be taken to rece the chances of smoking. A lot ofwork can be done concerning this. For example, in some public places, such asin the theatres and cinemas, smoking should be forbidden. Even on the train orplane people should not be allowed to smoke. Doctors, teachers and governmentleaders should take the lead not to smoke. Above all, the harmfulness anddangers caused by smoking should be made known to all through newspapers,broadcast, or TV programs. Also the growing of tobacco and the proction ofcigarettes should not be encouraged. If these measures can be taken, we caneffectively rece the chances of smoking.
4 因果
因果是兩個事物之間的關系。一些說明文，議論文通過分析因果關系說明一個中心思想。如不能把因果關系解釋清楚，文章將無法說明任何主題。
因果型段落的擴展模式有兩種，一是分類編法，另一個是連環編排法。如果只討論成因或只討論結果，細節比較簡單，只需按其重要性或其邏輯順序進行編排。分類編排法指先討論原因，然後討論結果；或先討論結果，後討論原因。
1）分類編排法：
Music is my chief hobby. When I listen tomusic, good things happen to me. If I am lonely or homesick, I listen to popmusic. The quick rhythm, the strong beats of drums lift my sprits. If I amfamiliar with a song, I will sing alone with it and my depression disappears.When I am bored or very tired, I listen to Mozart. His music makes me feelalive. Music also reminds me of home. Before I came to college, my sisters andI would listen to music and sing songs together and cheer us. Now I enjoylistening to music and singing with my roommates because their smiles make meremember the happy times with my family. For me, music is an excellent escape,and without it, I wouldn』t be so happy。
2) 連環編排法是先討論一組因果，再一組因果，再一組因果，形成一個鎖鏈。當因果緊密相連，前一果為後一果之因時，經常使用這種方式。
Students shouldn』t stay up so late. Becauseof the pressure of examinations, many students burn night candles. The nextday, they have to get enough sleep. As a result, many of them get sleepy inClASs. They couldn』t catch what the teacher says. Not having studied theirlessons well, they find it difficult to make good performance in examinations.So, it is not worthwhile to stay up late if you want to study well.
5.人物描寫
人物描寫包括外部特徵、性格特徵、思想狀態、行為語言等，用於表現人物精神面貌、披露人物內心活動、揭示人物性格變化，藉以突出作品主題思想。如：
My sister is a boyish girl. She has shortand straight hair like a boy』s. She likes white, black and grey colors, as mostboys do. She never cares for shirts, stockings but loves jackets and jeans.Sometimes she wears a men』s suit and leather shores as if she were a gentleman.Basketball and football are her favorite sports. She also enjoys watchingboxing. She always shouts and cheers excitedly when she is watching a footballmatch. When she is with her friends, she always says Ladies first」 to othergirls. The most interesting thing is that she has been mistaken for a boy manytimes. And she is pleased with that. She always says that she should be a boy.
第一句作者明確表示他眼中的妹妹是個男孩子氣十足的小姑娘。這樣讀者大都會在心中勾畫出一種從長相、穿著到言談舉止都特男孩化的女孩。下文作者正是通過穿著、外貌和性格等方面向讀者展現一個活生生的人物形象。
6.地點描寫
地點描寫指用生動形象的語言對某一地點、某一環境進行具體逼真的描繪，使讀者如臨其境、如睹其物。地點描寫的對象可大可小，在可以為城市、國家，小可是一間教室，一個房間。
地點描寫自然按空間順序排列，作者應立足於一個出發點，由遠及近，由近到遠，從里到外，從外到里，由左到右，或由右到左進行描寫，順序不可混亂，否則讀者會迷失方向。如下面一段作者從大門開始，由外向里逐步介紹學校的布置，讀者如同跟著作者參觀了一所校園。
Now I will show you around our school. Itis one of the largest middle schools in the city. When you step into the gate,you will see a beautiful flower bed before you. In the middle of the flower bedthere is a fountain with many colored flowers around it. If you walk along theschool road, you will come to the playground, on each side of which are rows oftrees. We often read books under the trees. On the right of the playground aretwo ClASsroom buildings. On the left is the newly-built four-storyed building.I』m lucky to study here. I love my school very much.
7.物體描寫
描寫物體時應側重物的形狀、規格大小、顏色和功能。任何一段文字都應有敘述的中心，對物的描寫也不例外。同樣，主題句也應反映出作者對所要描寫物體的看法、態度。如：
The first thing I notice in the bride』sroom is the beautiful curtain. This curtain is patchwork in design, and is sewnout of squares of materials of different colors like white, light green, brownand orange. It is made of silk, trimmed with delicate braids. It is about sixfeet long and hangs from a wooden rail. The curtain matches perfectly with thedark wooden rail and furniture in the room.
通過主題句可以看出作者想向讀者描寫的是一幅漂亮的窗簾。
1．表示原因
1）There are three reasons for this．
2）The reasons for this are as follows．
3）The reason for this is obvious．
4）The reason for this is not far to seek．
5）The reason for this is that．．．
6）We have good reason to believe that．．．

2．表示好處
1）It has the following advantages．
2）It does us a lot of good．
3）It benefits us quite a lot．
4）It is beneficial to us．
5）It is of great benefit to us．

3．表示壞處
1）It has more disadvantages than advantages．
2）It does us much harm．
3）It is harmful to us．
4．表示重要、必要、困難、方便、可能
1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient， possible）for sb．todo sth．
2）We think it necessary to do sth．
3）It plays an important role in our life．

5．表示措施
1）We should take some effective measures．
2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties．
3）We should do our utmost in doing sth．
4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．

6．表示變化
1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years．
2）A great change will certainly be proced in theworld』s communications．
3）The computer has brought about many changes inecation．

7．表示事實、現狀
1）We cannot ignore the fact that．．．
2）No one can deny the fact that．．．
3）There is no denying the fact that．．．
4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interestedin．
5）However，that』s not the case．
8．表示比較
1）Compared with A，B．．．
2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV．
3）There is a striking contrast between them．

9．表示數量
1）It has increased（decreased）from．．．to．．．
2）The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000．
3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15％ compared with that of January．

10．表示看法
1）People have（take，adopt，assume）differentattitudes towards sth．
2）People have different opinions on this problem．
3）People take different views of（on）the question．
4）Some people believe that．．．Othersargue that．．．

11．表示結論
1）In short，it can be said that ．．．
2）It may be briefly summed up as follows．
3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that ．．．

12．套語
1）It』s well known to us that ．．．
2）As is known to us，．．．
3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about．
4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，itcan be seen that ．．．
5）As a proverb says，「Wherethere is a will，there is a way．

⑶ 說明文（exposition），描述文（Description），敘述文（narration)的區別

一、主要內容不同。記敘文主要是描寫人物和故事情節為主，描述文以寫實物，描繪為主，說明文以闡明事理為主。

二、含義不同。

1、Narration即記敘文是以記人、敘事、寫景、狀物為主，以寫人物的經歷和事物發展變化為主要內容的一種文體形式。

2、Description即描述文文體基本種類之一。描繪人物、事件、景物的文字。表現手法以描寫、敘述為主，同時兼有必要的抒情、議論和說明。

3、exposition即說明文是一種以說明為主要表達方式的文章體裁 。它通過對實體事物科學地解說，對客觀事物做出說明或對抽象事理的闡釋，使人們對事物的形態、構造、性質、種類、成因、功能、關系或對事理的概念、特點、來源、演變、異同等能有科學的認識，從而獲得有關的知識。

三、描寫手法不同。記敘文主要以側面描寫烘托，正面描寫等，寫清故事發生的時間地點人物情節，最後抒發情感。描述文主要以比喻等修辭手法，生動形象描繪出物品的樣貌等。

說明文則側重說理，以簡潔科學的語言闡明事理，它通過對實體事物科學地解說，對客觀事物做出說明或對抽象事理的闡釋，使人們對事物的形態、構造、性質、種類、成因、功能、關系或對事理的概念、特點、來源、演變、異同等能有科學的認識，從而獲得有關的知識，揭示深層的意義。

⑷ 英語說明文

An eraser is an article of stationery that is used for removing pencil markings. Erasers have a rubbery consistency and are often pink or white. Some pencils have an eraser on one end. Typical erasers are made from synthetic rubber, but more expensive or specialized erasers are vinyl, plastic, or gum-like materials. Cheaper erasers can be made out of syntheticsoy-based gum.

--http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eraser

⑸ 英語寫作分別以happiness，freedom，courage寫3篇說明文，要求單詞在200左右，誰能幫忙

Happiness is a really hard thing to explain, you feel happiness when you are with the people you like, do things you like, when you see something you like. You smile when your happy and also when you sense freedom. Freedom comes in many ways, when you can do something you like without people telling you what to do or stopping you from. Being free is having one's own opinion to make one's own decision. Also, you have to have courage to take the decisions, to move forward, to innovate. You are courageous when you do something you are afraid of, or other people are afraid of, to face to unknown, to fight something stronger than you.

⑹ 英語作文:英語說明文和議論文的區別

說明文一般是：提出話題（觀點或事例)——用實例說明原因（怎麼樣）——得出結論。
議論文一般是：提出話題——提出贊同或反駁的論點並提出論據（為什麼）——得出結論。