英語寫作常用文化詞彙
1. 常用的英語作文詞彙和句式(高中)
英語寫作常用句型(一)段首句
1. 關於……人們有不同的觀點。一些人認為……
There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some
people suggest that ____.
2. 俗話說(常言道)……,它是我們前輩的經歷,但是,即使在今天,
它在許多場合仍然適用。
There is an old saying______. Its the experience of our
forefathers,however,it is correct in many cases even
today.
3. 現在,……,它們給我們的日常生活帶來了許多危害。首先,……;
其次,……。更為糟糕的是……。
Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily
life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is
that______.
4. 現在,……很普遍,許多人喜歡……,因為……,另外(而且)
……。
Nowadays,it is common to ______. Many people like ______
because ______. Besides,______.
5. 任何事物都是有兩面性,……也不例外。它既有有利的一面,也有不
利的一面。
Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception,it
has both advantages and disadvantages.
6. 關於……人們的觀點各不相同,一些人認為(說)……,在他們看
來,……
People』s opinions about ______ vary from person to person.
Some people say that ______.To them,_____.
7. 人類正面臨著一個嚴重的問題……,這個問題變得越來越嚴重。
Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming
more and more serious.
8. ……已成為人的關注的熱門話題,特別是在年青人當中,將引發激烈
的辯論。
______ has become a hot topic among people,especially
among the young and heated debates are right on their way.
9. ……在我們的日常生活中起著越來越重要的作用,它給我們帶來了許
多好處,但同時也引發一些嚴重的問題。
______ has been playing an increasingly important role in
our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of
benefits but has created some serious problems as well.
10. 根據圖表/數字/統計數字/表格中的百分比/圖表/條形圖/成形圖可
以看出……。很顯然……,但是為什麼呢?
According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in
the /chart/bar graph/line/graph,it can be seen that______
while. Obviously,______,but why?
2. 求英語正式寫作常用的正式詞彙拜託各位了 3Q
表 層進 first, firstly to begin with second, secondly to start with third, thirdly what's more also and then and equally important besides in addition further in the first place still furthermore last last but not the least next besides too moreover finally 表舉例 for example for instance to illustrate as an illustration after all 表解釋 as a matter of fact frankly speaking in this case namely in other words 表總結 in summary in a word in brief in conclusion to conclude in fact indeed in short in other words of course it is true specially namely in all that is to summarize thus as has been said altogether in other words finally in simpler terms in particular that is on the whole to put it differently therefore 表強調 of course indeed above all most important emphasis certainly in fact 表讓步 still nevertheless in spite of all the same even so after all concession granted naturally of course 表比較 in comparison likewise similarly equally however likewise in the same way 表轉折 by contrast although at the same time but in contrast nevertheless notwithstanding on the contrary on the other hand otherwise regardless still though yet despite the fact that even so even though for all that however in spite of instead 表時間 after a while afterward again also and then as long as at last at length at that time before besides earlier eventually finally formerly further furthermore in addition in the first place in the past last lately meanwhile moreover next now presently second shortly simultaneously since so far soon still subsequently then thereafter too until until now when
3. 英語寫作高頻詞彙
1. 並列關系
and, furthermore, more than that, also, likewise, moreover, in addition, what is more, for instance, for example
2. 轉折關系
although, however, on the contrary, but, in spite of, nevertheless, yet, otherwise, despite
3. 順序關系
first, second, third, and so on, then, after, before, next
4. 因果關系
as a result, for, thus, because, for this reason, so, therefore, as, since, consequently, on account of
5. 歸納關系
as a result, finally, therefore, accordingly, in short, thus, consequently, in conclusion, so, in brief, in a word
4. 求寫英語作文常用的高級詞彙(片語等),請附帶用法和翻譯,謝謝!
a great quantity of (接可數或不可數)大量
a good deal of (接不可數名詞)許多,大量
a large amount of (接不可數名詞)大量
a little (表示肯定)一些,一點點
a lot of (接可數、不可數名詞) 大量的,許多
a number of (接可數名詞)若干,許多
above all 首先,首要,尤其是
after all 畢竟,終究
ahead of 在…前面,先於
all but 幾乎,差一點;除了…都
all of a sudden 忽然
all over 到處,遍及;全部結束。
all right 令人滿意的;(健康)良好的; 好,行,可以
in all 總共,共計
all the same 仍然,照樣地;
all the time 一直,始終
and so on 等等
apart from 除…之外(別無);除…之外(尚有)
a great many 許多,大量
as…as… 像,如同,與…一樣
as far as 遠到;就…而言,至於
as follows 如下
as for 至於,關於
ask for leave 請假
as long as 只要,如果;
as soon as 一…就,剛…便
as though?= as ?if? 好像,彷彿
as to 至於,關於
as usual 照例,像平常一樣-
as well 也,又
as well as 除…之外(也),既…又
ask for 請求,要求
at a loss 困惑不解,茫然不知所
at all (用於否定句)絲毫(不),一點(不)
at all costs 不惜任何代價,無論如何
at any rate - 無論如何,至少
at ease 舒適(地),安逸(地)
at first 最初,起先
at hand 近在手頭,在附近
at last 終於
at least 至少
at most 至多,不超過
at no time 從不,決不 。
at once 馬上,立刻;同時,一起
at present 目前,現在
at the cost of 以…為代價
at the moment 此刻,目前
at the same time 同時;然而,不過
at the sight of 一看見…就
back and forth (前後)來回地,反復地
back up 支持;倒退
be described as 被描寫成
be in favor of 支持
be made up of 由…組成,由…構成
be short of 缺少,不足;未達到
bear/keep..in mind 記住(某事)
because of 因為,由於
before long 不久以後
be worth doing? 值得做某事
beyond the question 毫無疑問,確定無疑
both...and.. 既…又…,不但…而且
break down 損壞,拋錨
break in 破門(窗)而入;打斷,插嘴
break into 強行闖進
break off -中斷,中止
break out (戰爭等)爆發;使逃脫,使逃走
break through 突破,突圍
break up 打碎;終止,結束
bring about 帶來,引起,導致
bring forward 提出(建議等)
bring ... into effect 使生效,實行
bring out 使…顯示出來;出版
bring up 教育,培養
build up 逐步建立、增強,增進
but for 倘沒有,要不是
by accident 偶然
by air 通過航空途徑;用無線電
by all means 盡一切辦法,務必
by and by 不久,遲早
by chance 偶然,碰巧
by far …得多,最(修飾比較級和最高級)
by means of 用,憑借
by mistake 錯誤地,無意中(做了某件錯事)
by no means 決不,並沒有
by oneself 單獨地,獨自地
by the way 順便地,附帶地說說
by way of 經過,經由;通過…的方法
call for 要求,需要;邀請
call off 取消
call on 訪問,拜訪;呼籲,號召
call up 打電話;召集
cannot help doing 禁不住,忍不住
cannot..too..越…越好,再…也不過分
care for 照顧,照料;喜歡
carry forward 發揚;進行
carry off 拿走,奪去…的生命
carry on 繼續
carry out ,執行,貫徹;進行(到底)
catch sight of 看到,發現
catch up with 趕上
check in 辦理登記手續,報到
check out 結賬後離開,辦妥手續離開
cheer up 高興起來,振作起來
clear up 清理;使變清;放晴
come around 蘇醒;順便來訪
come on (表勸說,鼓勵等)來吧,走吧;開始
come out 出版,發表;顯現,出現;結果是
come through 經歷…仍活著
come to 蘇醒;共計,達到
come to an end 結束
come true 實現
come up 出現,走上前來
come up with 追上,趕上;提出
compare..to 把…比作,把…與…比較
count for little 輕視
count on 依靠,指望
cut down 砍倒;消減;縮短
cut in 打斷,插嘴;(汽車)超車搶檔
cut off 切掉;切斷;阻隔
cut out 刪掉,割去
cut short 縮短, 刪節
deal with 做買賣;處理;論述,涉及
decide on 考慮後選定或決定
die down 變弱,逐漸消失
die out 消失,滅絕
do..a favour 幫助某人
draw in (火車、汽車)進站的
draw up 起草,制訂
dream of 夢到;夢想,嚮往
dress up 穿上盛裝,精心打扮
drop in 順便(非正式)訪問
drop out 退學,退出
e to 由於,因為
each other 互相(多用作賓語)
either...or ... 或…或,不是…就是…
end up 結束,告終
even if/though 即使,雖然
every now and then 時而,偶爾
every other 每隔一個
except for 除了…外
face to face 面對面(的)地;對立地
fail to do sth.?沒能做…
get across 使通過;使被理解
get along 過活;相處(with);進展
get down 從…下來;著手進行;寫下
get into 對…發生興趣;捲入;進入
get off (從…)下來;逃脫懲罰
get on 騎上(馬、自行車等),登上(車、船、飛機等);有進展
get on with 與…友好相處;繼續干
get out 離去,退出(組織等);(消息等) 泄漏
get over 克服(困難等);從(疾病、失望、震驚等)中恢復過來
get rid of 處理掉;擺脫
get through 完成;打通電話;通過(考試)
get up 起床;起立
give in 屈服;讓步
give off 發出或放出(蒸氣等)
give out 分發;發出(氣味等)
give up 放棄;投降
give way to 讓位於;給…讓路
go after 追逐,追求;設法得到
go ahead 開始,進行;前進,領先
go along with 贊同,附合,支持
go around (消息)流傳;足夠分配
go down 下去;(船等)下沉;下降
go for 去請,去取;贊成
go in for 從事於;酷愛;追求
go into 進入;調查;從事
go into action 開始行動
go into effect 實施,生效
go on 繼續下去,進行
go out 熄滅,停止運轉;過時
go over 檢查;復習
go through 遭受,經歷;檢查,審查
go up 上升,(物價等)上漲;被炸毀,被燒毀
go wrong 出錯;發生故障,出毛病
grow up 成熟;成年;發展
had better 應該,還是…好
hand in 交上;遞上
hand out 分發,散發
hand over 交出,移交
hang on 抓緊不放;堅持下去;(電話不掛) 等一會兒
hang up 把…掛起來;掛斷(電話)
have an advantage over 勝於,優於
have in mind 記在心裡;考慮到,想到
have nothing to do with 和…毫無關系
have (something)to do with和…(有點)關系
head for 朝…方向走去
help oneself 自取所需(食物等)
hold back 躊躇,退縮不前;阻止
hold sth back from sb 向某人隱瞞某事
hold on 握住不放;堅持;(打電話) 等會兒
hold on to 緊緊抓住;控制,剋制
hold up 舉起;耽擱;延遲
hurry up (使)趕快;匆匆完成
hurt one『s feelings 傷害某人感情
if only 只要;要是…就好
in a hurry 急於,忙於 』
in a sense 從某種意義上
in a way 在某種程度上,從某一點上看
in a word 簡而言之,一句話
in addition to 除…之外(還)
in advance 預先,事先
in any case 無論如何,不管怎樣
in brief 簡單地說
in case of 假如,如果發生;防備
in charge of 負責,主管
in common 共有的,共用的
in debt 欠債
in detail 詳細的
in effect 實際上,事實上
in fact 事實上,其實
in favour of 支持,贊成
in front of 在…前面
in general 一般說來,大體上
in half 成兩半
in honour of 為向…表示敬意;為慶祝
in no case 無論如何不,決不
in no time 立即,馬上
in no way 決不
in one's mind eye 在…看來
in order 按順序;整齊
in order to 為了(做某事)
in other words 換句話說,也就是說
in part 部分地
in particular 特別,尤其
in person 親自
in proportion to 與…成比例
in public 公開地,當眾
in question 正在談論的
in relation to 有關,涉及
in return (for) 作為(對…的)回報、交換
in short 簡言之,總之
in sight 看得見,在視線之內;在望
in spite of 不管,不顧
in that 因為
in the course of 在…期間,在…過程中
in the end 最後,終於
in the face of 在…前面;不管,即使
in the future 在將來
in the way 擋道,「妨礙某人
in time 及時;最後,終於
in touch 聯系,接觸
in turn 依次地,輪流地;轉而,反過來
in vain 徒勞,白費力
instead of .替代,而不是
just now 剛才,才不久;現在,眼下
join in 參加,加入;和…在一起
keep an eye on 留意,照看
keep... in mind 記住
keep in touch with 與…保持聯系
keep it up 堅持
keep on 繼續進行,反復地做
keep one's word 守信用
keep sth. in one's mind 牢記某事
keep to 堅持;固守(習慣等)
keep up with 跟上,不落後
kill off 消滅,殺光
knock down 撞倒;擊倒
knock out (拳擊中)擊倒,擊昏
laugh at 因…而發笑;嘲笑
lay aside 把…擱置一旁;留存,儲存
lay down 放下;鋪設(鐵路);制定(計劃等)
lay out 布置,安排,設計;擺出,展開
lead to 通向;導致,引起
learn ... by heart 記住,背誦
learn from 學習,向…學習
leave behind 丟棄;留下;忘記攜帶
leave off (使)停止,停下來
leave out 忽略,遺漏;省略
let alone... ?更別提...,更不要說...
let off 排放;放(炮),開(槍)
let out 放掉(水等),發出
lie in 在於
line up 排隊,使排成一行
little (表示否定,不可數)沒多少
little by little 一點一點地,逐漸地
live on 靠…生活;以…為食
live thr英語常用片語匯總
5. 英語作文常用詞彙
.完全:absolute, unconditional, unlimited, complete, unrestricted, unmixed, perfect, entire
2.好:extraordinary, amazing, miraculous, marvelous, stupendous, excellent, good, well, wonderful, fine, nice, of high quality, pleasing, surprising, agreeable
3.小:small, diminutive, puny, little, pocket-sized, petit, minute, tiny
4.多:big , enormous, large, gigantic, vast, tremendous, gargantuan, huge, immense, a lot of, lots of, many, much, plenty of, a great deal of, a number of, an amount of, a great many, a good many, many a, scores of, dozens of, a great quantity of
5.高興,快樂:delighted, delightful, pleased, pleasing, charmed, pleasant, cheerful, cheering, merry, happy, gratified, glad, gay, agreeable, friendly, content, satisfied, light-hearted, joyful
6.真的:True, truthful, veracious, faithful, accurate, loyal, staunch, genuine, honest, real, trustworthy, constant.
7.全,都:all, whole, entire, complete, perfect, total, the whole number of , unbroken , gross
常見的連接詞
連接詞根據其本身的意思和文章連接所需要的邏輯意義可分為幾類:
a.表示開場to begin with , in the first place , in general , generally speaking
b.表示總結to summarize , to sum up , to conclude , in conclusion , finally
c.表示舉例a case in point , a good illustration / example of … is …,
d.表示原因because , since , for , the cause of , the reason for , now that
e.表示結果as a result , as a consequence , consequently
f.表示比較both , like , likewise , similarly , in common , in the same way
g.表示對照on the contrary , on the other hand , despite , in spite of , however
h.表示列舉first , firstly , in the first place , first of all , to begin with
i.表示強調especially , particularly , certainly , surely , chiefly , actually
j.表示讓步even though , although , in spite of , however , but ,yet
寫作的啟、承、轉、合常用詞語小結
1.有關「啟」的常用詞語(用來引導主題句或跟在主題句的後面,引導第一個擴展句)
at first 首先
at present 現在;當今
currently 現在;最近
first 首先;第一
first of all 首先
firstly 首先
2.有關「承」的常用詞語(用來承接主題句或第一個擴展句)
to start with 首先;第一
after 此後
after a few days 幾天之後
after a while 過了一會兒
also 並且
at any rate 無論如何
at the same time 同時(用在「轉」時,作「可是」解)
besides(this) 此外
3.有關「轉」的常用詞語(用來表示不同或相反的語氣)
after all 畢竟
all the same 雖然;但是
anyway 無論如何
at the same time 可是(表輕微轉折)
but 但是
conversely 相反地
despite 盡管,雖然
4.有關「合」的常用詞語(用來引導結尾句或最後一個擴展句,表示段落的結束)
above all 最重要
accordingly 於是
as a consequence 因此
as a result 結果
as has been noted 如前所述及
6. 英語寫作如何積累詞彙
建議你看看新東方的寫作講義。網上有很多。有很多寫作常用的詞彙。我建議你在背單詞的同時多閱讀大學版的英文報。個人覺得寫作得體更重要一些,高級詞彙用得不合適反而會有點惡心。
7. 求幾個英語四級作文常用的高級詞彙和短語
一般來說,托福寫作會涉及到一些固定的主題,整理這些主題所涉及到的詞彙和句型,就有重要的意義。下面,小編為大家整理「托福寫作高頻詞彙分類匯總」,希望對大家有所幫助。
1. 環保話題類 white pollute 白色污染 sustainable development 可持續發展 ecosystem 生態系統 environmental pollution 環境污染 over-fishing (overgrazing) 過度捕撈 (過度放牧) sand storm 沙塵暴 resource exhaustion 資源枯竭 water and soil conservation 水土保持 soil erosion 土壤流失 clear-cutting (deforestation) 濫砍濫伐 desertification 沙漠化 conserve natural resources 保護自然資源 shortage of fresh water 淡水短缺 disruption of ecological balance 生態失衡 natural preservation zone 自然保護區
2. 教育話題類 the craze for graate school 考研熱 surf the internet 網上沖浪 cyberspace 網路空間 inter-disciplinary talent 復合型人才 assignment of graates 畢業生分配 net friend 網友 examination-oriented ecation 應試教育 teach students according to their aptitude 因材施教 quality-oriented ecation 素質教育 compulsory ecation 義務教育 internet bar 網吧 alt (continuing) ecation 成人教育 distance ecation 遠程教育 campus culture校園文化 two-way selection 雙向選擇 work-study program 勤工儉學 double degree 雙學位 non-resident student 走讀生 resident student 寄宿生 extracurricular activities 課外活動 self-taught examination 自學考試 become well-ecated through self-study 自學成才 to rece study load 學生減負 web-addiction 沉湎於上網
3. 社會熱點類 Project Hope 希望工程 information revolution 信息革命 jerry-built projects 豆腐渣工程 population explosion 人口爆炸 epidemic disease 傳染病 dropout students 失學兒童 laid-off worker 下崗工人 reemployment project 再就業工程 clone technology 克隆技術 migrate laborer 民工 crack down on counterfeit goods / fake procts 打假 devalue 貶值 expand domestic demand 擴大內需 state-owned enterprise 國有企業 deflation 通貨緊縮 inflation通貨膨脹 rechargeable card 沖值卡 Smooth Traffic Project 暢通工程 anti-fake label 防偽標志 poverty alleviation 扶貧 infrastructure construction 基礎設施 vicious circle 惡性循環 gender discrimination 性別歧視 psychological quality心理素質 pattern of consumption 消費結構 consumers』 association消費者協會 green food綠色食品 money worship 拜金主意 Olympic committee 奧委會 host city 舉辦城市 bid for Olympic 申辦奧運會
8. 急求英語作文寫作技巧和常用詞彙
英語作文寫作技巧——研習 「沒有規矩,不成方圓。」對於一般英語學習者而言,寫出優秀的文章有賴於後天習得,但並不意味著機械背誦、生吞活剝,或者照搬照抄、人雲亦雲。所謂研習,需要有獨立思考和個人的判斷,本著「他山之石,可以攻玉」的精神,汲取文章的精華部分加以研究。研習主要側重兩個方面,包括文章章法和語言表達。文章章法指文章的行文思路、布局謀篇、結構安排、邏輯順序。許多學習者面對一個話題,可能存在兩種不同的困惑,一是下筆千言,但離題萬里;二是思緒萬千,卻無從落筆。導致兩種困惑的根源皆在於欠缺思考問題、組織思路的恰當方式,以至於文章不得要領、章法紊亂。這就要求我們從全篇脈絡角度多研習範文,之後領悟如何以演繹法行文、怎樣用歸納法謀篇以及如何圍繞特定話題拓展思路等等。此外,研習還要側重於語言表達,包括遣詞造句和句子、段落之間的各種銜接手段,以期在自己日後的寫作中派上用場,因為英文寫作皆通一理。只有善於借鑒,勤加研究,才會借他人的優勢和長處,提高自己的寫作水平。 英語作文寫作技巧——背誦 背誦是提高寫作的又一有效途徑。要學好寫作文,首先要處理好語言輸入與輸出之間的關系。前者是後者的前提條件。如果頭腦空空如也,就根本談不上寫出像模像樣的文章。只有讀過大量東西,並且有意識地將其中精彩部分儲存於記憶之中(commit the highlights to memory),才能保證下筆流暢、文通字順。因此,背誦對於寫作極為重要。但背誦不是機械記憶,而是有選擇性的背誦,是有意義的記憶。因為機械背誦的結果要麼是記憶很快就盪然無存、了無痕跡,要麼是無法活學活用、付諸實踐。背誦包括五個方面:重點詞彙、常用套語、精彩句子、優秀段落、經典篇章。 英語作文寫作技巧——重點詞彙 美妙的用詞及搭配皆在此列,像fall victim(受害),stand a fair chance(大有希望)這種地道的動賓搭配要勤加記憶。為了積累寫作詞彙,應將文中同屬一個話題的用詞彙總歸納,組成主題詞族(topic family)。歸類記憶可以使自己日後即寫即用,得心應手。下文是一篇闡釋愛心的優秀文章,多處用詞精巧,現將文中關於愛心這一主題的詞彙總結如下: emotional strength 情感的力量 the noblest of human emotions人類最高尚的情感 no thought of gain不計得失 the lamp of love愛心之燈 help the victims of natural disasters支援自然災害受害者 donate whatever they can傾囊相助 help their needy fellow citizens 幫助有需要的同胞 be ready to give a helping hand 隨時准備伸出援手 -When we use the word "love", we do not simply mean an attraction to a person of the opposite sex, which is a very narrow definition of the word. Love is emotional strength, which can support us no matter how dark the world around us becomes. In fact, throughout history people of many different cultures have regarded love as the noblest of human emotions. As an example of the power of love, we should remember how the Chinese people of all nationalities respond to the call to help the victims of natural disasters every year. Although their incomes are still low by international standards, people all over the country do not hesitate to donate whatever they can — be it money or goods — to help their needy fellow citizens. Moreover, they do this with no thought of gain for themselves. In my opinion, the best way to show love is to help people who are more unfortunate than we are. We should always be ready to give a helping hand to those who are in trouble, no matter whether they are family members or complete strangers. In this way, we can help to make the world a better place, for the darker the shadows of sorrow become, the more brightly the lamp of love shines. 當我們用「愛」這個詞時,我們不僅僅指異性對一個人的吸引,這只是對這個詞非常狹隘的解釋。愛心是一種情感的力量,不論我們周圍的世界多麼黑暗,愛心都能支撐我們。事實上,縱觀歷史,不同文化背景的人都把愛看成是人類最高尚的情感。 說到愛心的力量,我們馬上就會想起每年中國各族人民是如何響應號召支援自然災害受害者的。盡管按照國際標准他們的收入還處於低水平,全國人民毫不猶豫地傾囊相助——不管是錢還是物——幫助那些有需要的同胞。而且,他們這么做並不考慮自己的得失。 我認為,表達愛心的最好方式是幫助比我們更加不幸的人。我們應該隨時准備向有困難的人伸出援助之手,無論他們是家庭成員還是素昧平生。這樣,我們就能夠助一臂之力把世界變成一個更美好的地方,因為,悲傷的陰影越黑暗,愛心之燈的光芒就越閃亮。 一、近義詞彙: 1.完全:absolute, unconditional, unlimited, complete, unrestricted, unmixed, perfect, entire 2.好:extraordinary, amazing, miraculous, marvelous, stupendous, excellent, good, well, wonderful, fine, nice, of high quality, pleasing, surprising, agreeable 3.小:small, diminutive, puny, little, pocket-sized, petit, minute, tiny 4.多:big , enormous, large, gigantic, vast, tremendous, gargantuan, huge, immense, a lot of, lots of, many, much, plenty of, a great deal of, a number of, an amount of, a great many, a good many, many a, scores of, dozens of, a great quantity of 5.高興,快樂:delighted, delightful, pleased, pleasing, charmed, pleasant, cheerful, cheering, merry, happy, gratified, glad, gay, agreeable, friendly, content, satisfied, light-hearted, joyful 6.真的:True, truthful, veracious, faithful, accurate, loyal, staunch, genuine, honest, real, trustworthy, constant. 7.全,都:all, whole, entire, complete, perfect, total, the whole number of , unbroken , gross 常見的連接詞 連接詞根據其本身的意思和文章連接所需要的邏輯意義可分為幾類: a.表示開場to begin with , in the first place , in general , generally speaking b.表示總結to summarize , to sum up , to conclude , in conclusion , finally c.表示舉例a case in point , a good illustration / example of … is …, d.表示原因because , since , for , the cause of , the reason for , now that e.表示結果as a result , as a consequence , consequently f.表示比較both , like , likewise , similarly , in common , in the same way g.表示對照on the contrary , on the other hand , despite , in spite of , however h.表示列舉first , firstly , in the first place , first of all , to begin with i.表示強調especially , particularly , certainly , surely , chiefly , actually j.表示讓步even though , although , in spite of , however , but ,yet 寫作的啟、承、轉、合常用詞語小結 1.有關「啟」的常用詞語(用來引導主題句或跟在主題句的後面,引導第一個擴展句) at first 首先 at present 現在;當今 currently 現在;最近 first 首先;第一 first of all 首先 firstly 首先 2.有關「承」的常用詞語(用來承接主題句或第一個擴展句) to start with 首先;第一 after 此後 after a few days 幾天之後 after a while 過了一會兒 also 並且 at any rate 無論如何 at the same time 同時(用在「轉」時,作「可是」解) besides(this) 此外 3.有關「轉」的常用詞語(用來表示不同或相反的語氣) after all 畢竟 all the same 雖然;但是 anyway 無論如何 at the same time 可是(表輕微轉折) but 但是 conversely 相反地 despite 盡管,雖然 4.有關「合」的常用詞語(用來引導結尾句或最後一個擴展句,表示段落的結束) above all 最重要 accordingly 於是 as a consequence 因此 as a result 結果 as has been noted 如前所述及
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