初一上册英语重点单词和短语

⑴ 人教版七年级上册英语单词和词组

初中英语常用动词词组及短语

1)be back/in/out 回来/在家/外出
2)be at home/work 在家/上班
3)be good at 善于，擅长于
4)be careful of 当心，注意，仔细
5)be covered with 被……复盖
6)be ready for 为……作好准备
7)be surprised (at) 对……感到惊讶
8)be interested in 对……感到举
9)be born 出生
10)be on 在进行，在上演， （灯）亮着
11)be able to do sth. 能够做……
12) be afraid of+doing (to do sth. that…) 害怕…… (不敢做……，恐怕……)
13) be angry with sb. 生(某人)的气
14)be pleased (with) 对……感到高兴(满意)
15)be famous for 以……而著名
16)be strict in (with) (对工作、对人)严格要求
17)be from 来自……，什么地方人=come from
18)be hungry/thirsty/tired 饿了/渴了/累了
19)be worried 担忧------be worried about 对……感到忧虑
20)be (well) worth doing (非常)值得做……
21)be in (great) need of (很)需要
22)be in trouble 处于困境中
23)be glad to do sth. 很高兴做……
24)be late for ……迟到
25)be made of (from) 由……制成
26)be satisfied with 对……感到满意
27)be free 空闲的，有空
28)be (ill) in bed 卧病在床
29)be busy doing (with) 忙于做……(忙于……)
由come、do、get、give、go、have、help、keep、make、look、put、set、send、take、turn、play等动词构成的词组
30)come back 回来
31)come down 下来
32)come in 进入，进来
33)come on 快，走吧，跟我来
34)come out出来
35)come out of 从……出来
36)come up 上来
37)come from 来自……
38)do one's lessons/homework 做功课/回家作业
39)do more speaking/reading 多做口头练习/朗读
40)do one's best 尽力
41)do some shopping (cooking reading, cleaning)买东西(做饭菜，读点书，大扫除)
42)do a good deed (good deeds)做一件好事(做好事)
43)do morning exercises 做早操
44)do eye exercises 做眼保健操
45)do well in 在……某方面干得好
46)get up 起床
47)get everything ready 把一切都准备好
48)get ready for (=be ready for) 为……作好准备
49)get on (well) with 与……相处(融洽)
50)get back 返回
51)get rid of 除掉，去除
52)get in 进入，收集
53)get on/off 上/下车
54)get to 到达
55)get there 到达那里
56) give sb. a call 给……打电话
57)give a talk 作报告
58)give back 归还，送回
59)give……some advice on 给……一些忠告
60)give lessons to 给……上课
61)give in 屈服
62)give up 放弃
63) give sb. a chance 给……一次机会
64)give a message to…… 给……一个口信
65)go ahead 先走，向前走，去吧，干吧
66)go to the cinema 看电影
67)go to bed 睡觉(make the bed 整理床铺)
68)go to school (college) 上学(上大学)
69)go to (the) hospital 去医院看病
70)go over 过一遍，复习/ go over to 朝……走去
71)go fishing/skating/swimming/shopping 去钩鱼/滑冰/游泳/买东西
72)go home (there) 回家去(去那儿)
73)go round 顺便去，绕道走
74)go up 上去
75)go out for a walk 外出散步
76)go on (doing) 继续(做……)
77)go shopping 去购物
78)go on with one's work 继续某人的工作
79)go upstairs/downstairs 上/下楼
80)(the lights) go out (灯)熄了
81)have a lesson (lessons)/a meeting 上课/开会
82)have a football match (basketball match) 举行一场足球(蓝球)赛
83)have dictation 听见
84)have a try 试一试
85)have a good/wonderful time 玩得很高兴
86)have a lecture (a piano concert) 听讲座(听钢琴音乐会)
87)have a report (talk) on 听一个关于……的报告
88)have a glass of water (a cup of tea) 喝一杯水，(一杯茶)
89)have breakfast/lunch/supper /dinner吃早饭/午饭/晚饭
90)have a meal (three meals) 吃一顿饭(三餐饭)
91)have bread and milk for breakfast 早饭吃面包和牛奶
92)have (have got) a headache 头痛
93)have a fever 发烧
94)have a cough (a cold) 咳嗽(感冒)
95)have a look (at) 看一看……
96)have a rest (a break) 休息一会儿(工间或课间休息)
97)have a talk 谈话
98)have a swim/walk 游泳/散步
99)have sports 进行体育锻炼
100)have a sports meet (meeting) 开运动会
101)have something done 让人(请人)做……
102)have a test/an exam 测验/考试
103)have an idea 有了个主意
104)had better do sth. (not do sth.) 最好做……(最好不要做……)
105)have a word with 与……谈几句话
106) help sb. with sth. 在……方面帮助……
107) help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助……做……
108)help oneself to some chicken/fish/meat 请随便吃点鸡/鱼/肉
109)help each other 互相帮助
110)have nothing to do 无事可做
111)keep up with 跟上……，不落后于……
112)keep silent/quiet 保持沉默/安静
113) keep sb. doing sth. 使……一直做……keep.sb.sth.from doing.
114)keep one's diary 记日记
115)make a noise (a lot of noise, much noise, noises)吵闹(十分嘈杂，响声)
116)make a living 谋生
117)make sb. do sth. 迫使某人做……
118)make faces (a face)做鬼脸
119)make friends (with)与……交朋友
120)make a mistake (mistakes)犯错误
121)make room/space for 给……腾出地方
122)make a sentence (sentences)with 用……造句
123)make a fire 生火
124)be made in 在……地方制造
125)look out of (outside) 往外看(看外面)
126)look up a word (in the dictionary) 查字典
127)look up 往上看，仰望
128)look after 照管，照看，照顾
129)look for 寻找
130)look like 看上去像
131)look fine/well/tired/worried 看起来气色好/健康/疲劳/忧虑
132)look out 当心，小心
133)look on …as… 把……当作……看待
134)look around 朝四周看
135)look at 看着……
136)put on 穿上(衣服)，戴上(帽子)，上演(戏剧)
137)put up 建造，搭起，挂起，举起，张帖
138)put into 使进入，输入
139)put one's heart into 全神贯注于
140)put…down… 把……放下
141)put…into… 把……译成
142)set up 竖起，建起
143)set off 出发，动身
144)set out 出发
145)set an example for 为……树立榜样
146)send for 派人去请(叫)
147)send out 放出，发出
148)end up 把……往上送，发射
149)take one's advice 听从某人劝告
150)take out 拿出，取出
151)take down 拿下
152)take place 发生
153)take one's place 坐……的座位，代替某人职务
154)take the place of 代替……
155)take a walk/rest 散步/休息
156)take it easy 别紧张
157)take sth.with sb. 随身带着
158)take sb. to a park/London for one's holidays 带某人去公园/伦敦度假
159)take care of 关心，照顾，保管
160)take a look (a last look) at 看一看(最后看一眼)
161)take an exam 参加考试
162)take away 拿走
163)take back 收回，带回
164)take hold of 抓住……
165)take off 脱下(衣，帽，鞋等)拿掉
166)take (an active) part in (积极)参加(活动)
167)take photos 拍照
168)take some medicine 服药
169)take a bus/train, boat/ 乘公共汽车，火车/船
170)turn on 开，旋开(电灯，收音机等)
171)turn off 关上(电灯，收音机等)
172)turn in 交出，上交
173)turn…into… 变成
174)turn to 翻到，转向
175)turn down (把音量)调低
176)turn…over 把……翻过来
177)play basketball 打篮球，football 踢足球，volleyball 打排球
178)play games 做游戏
179)play the piano (the violin) 弹钢琴(拉小提琴)
180)play with snow 玩雪
181)play a joke (on) 对……开玩笑
由其他动词构成的词组
182)think over 仔细考虑
183)arrive at/in a place 到达某处
184)eat up 吃完，吃光
185)do well in 在……干得好
186)enjoy doing sth. like doing sth. 喜欢做某事喜欢干某事
187)find out 发现，查出(真相等)
188)finish off 吃完，喝完
189)stop doing sth. 停止做某事
190)stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事
191)hold a meting 举行会议
192)hold up 举起
193)hurry up 赶快，快点
194)enter for 报名参加
195)langht at 嘲笑
196)be used to 习惯于
197)used to 过去常常
198)wake…up 唤醒
199)work out 算出
动词短语
200)ask for 向……要……，请求
201)ask for leave 请假
202)send for 派人去请(叫)
203)pay for 付……的款
204)wait for 等候
205)thank for 为……感谢
206)apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉
207)look for 寻找
208)leave…for 离开……去……
209)fall off 跌落
210)catch cold 着凉，伤风
211)catch up with 赶上
212)agree with sb. 赞成，同意某人的意见
213)filled……with 把……装满
214)tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事
215)talk about 谈论……
216)think about 考虑……
217)worry about 担忧……
218)look after 照料
219)run after 追赶，跟在后面跑
220)read after 跟……读
221)smile at 对……微笑
222)knock at 敲(门、窗)
223)shout at 对……大喊(嚷)
224)throw away 扔掉
225)work hard at 努力做……
226)wait in line 排队等候
227)change…into… 变成
228)hurry into… 匆忙进入
229)hurry up 快点
230)run into… 跑进
231)hear of 听说
232)hear from 收到……来信
233)think of 认为，考虑
234)catch hold of 抓住
235)instead of 代替……
236)hand in 交上来
237)stay in bed 卧病在床

⑵ 七年级英语上册词组大全

Nice to meet you! 很高兴见到你
middle school 中学
excuse me 打扰一下
first name 名字
last name/ family name 姓氏
I see 我知道了
have a good time 玩得很开心
in the first photo 在第一张照片中
in the next picture 在下一张照片中
what about...? ...怎么样？
Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮忙
thank you/ thanks for ... 因...而感谢
Telephone number/phone number 电话号码
an ID card 一张身份证
play computer games玩电脑游戏
in the school library 在学校图书馆
Ask the teacher for it . 去问老师要
call me 打电话给我
Some keys 一些钥匙
I must find it . 我必须找到它
call sb．at 347-2365 给某人打347-2365
lost and found 失物招领
a set of keys 一串钥匙
in English 用英语
a photo of your family 你家人的照片
on the sofa 在沙发上
under the chair 在椅子下
in your schoolbag 在你的书包你
between the desk and the bookcase
在桌子和书柜之间
Tape player 录音机
model plane 飞机模型
soccer ball 英式足球
Come on 快点儿
I think 我认为
I don’t know 我不知道
Let’s go! 我们走吧 let’s = let us后接动词原形
let sb do sth 让某人做某事
We’re late! 我们迟到了！
Bill has it. 比尔有
let me get it 让我去拿它
Let ‘s play . 让我们去玩吧
play sth with sb 和某人玩某事
I’m tidy. 我很整洁
play basketball打篮球（在球类前不用the,在乐器前要用the）
play ping-pong /table tennis 打乒乓球
play volleyball 打排球
play soccer/football 踢足球
let’s play basketball. 让我们去打篮球吧
that sounds good 那听起来真不错
go to the same school 上同一所学校
I love sports 我热爱运动
It’s easy for me 对我来说很容易
play baseball 打棒球
play tennis 打网球
tennis racket 网球拍
every day 每天
play／do sports做运动
watch TV 看电视
Like to do sth / like doing sth 喜欢做某事
I like bananas.(喜欢的东西是可数名词要用复数)
next week 下周
think about 考虑
how about..? ...怎么样？
Eat well 吃得好
one last question 最后一个问题
want to do sth 想要做某事
watch sth. on TV 在电视上观看…
ice cream 冰淇淋
some tomatoes 几个西红柿
Some photos 一些／几张相片
lots of = a lot of 许多,大量
healthy food健康食品。
Have/eat chicken 吃鸡肉
ave/eat breakfast 吃早饭
have/eat lunch 吃午饭
have/eat dinner(supper) 吃晚饭
how much 多少钱
Here you are 给你
you're welcome 不客气
have a look at 看一看…
bag for sports运动包
two dollars 两美元
seven yuan 七元(人民币)
what color 什么颜色
at a good price价格合适
birthday party 生日聚会
speech contest 演讲比赛
a pair of 一双
happy birthday 生日快乐
See you 再见
father’s birthday 爸爸的生日
basketball game 篮球比赛
school trip郊游, 校游
school day 作息日，校日
his term这学期
basketball game 篮球赛
Art Festival 艺术节
how old 几岁
fifteen years old 5岁
favorite subject 最喜欢的科目
that’s for sure 的确如此
English teacher 英语老师
after that 那以后
from...to..从...到...
want to do sth
希望能帮助到你，望采纳！！！

⑶ 人教版初一英语上册重点句型和单词，词组

新目标英语初一上册语法重点词汇句型
A）、名词的数
我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：
一）在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二）x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, ty-ties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四）以o结尾加s（外来词）。如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯
五）以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六）单复数相同（不变的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七）一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八）单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同学, family家，家庭成员
九）合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十）有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸，卷子，论文, work工作 works作品，工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡

十一） 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如：Is (I’s), Ks (K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs

十二） 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen

B）名词的格

当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下：

一）单数在后面加’s。如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s

二）复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节

三）由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个’s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间（共住一间），Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间（各自的房间）

2、代词

项目 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词
人称 主格 宾格 形容词 名词性
第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称 单数 she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its this that itself
复数 they them their theirs these those themselves
3、动词
A） 第三人称单数
当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下：
一）一般在词后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
二）在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes
三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
四）以o结尾加es。如：does, goes
五）特殊的有：are-is, have-has
B） 现在分词
当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下：
一）一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
二）以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
三）以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母＋一个辅音字母（注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing）要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning
四）以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于
4、形容词的级
我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下：
一） 一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest

二）以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母＋1个辅音字母(字母组合除外，如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest

三） 以辅音字母＋y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest
四）特殊情况：(两好多坏，一少老远)

good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worst
little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest
5、数词 (基变序，有规则；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后接th；y结尾，变为i, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth
二、句式
1.陈述句
肯定陈述句 a) This is a book. (be动词)

b) He looks very young. (连系动词)

c) I want a sweat like this. (实义动词)

d) I can bring some things to school. (情态动词)

e) There’s a computer on my desk. (There be结构)

否定陈述句 a) These aren’t their books. b) They don’t look nice.

c) Kate doesn’t go to No. 4 Middle School. d) Kate can’t find her doll.
e) There isn’t a cat here. (=There’s no cat here.)

2. 祈使句

肯定祈使句 a) Please go and ask the man. b) Let’s learn English!

c) Come in, please.

否定祈使句a) Don’t be late. b) Don’t hurry.

3. 疑问句

1) 一般疑问句 a) Is Jim a student? b) Can I help you? c) Does she like salad?

d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she reading?
肯定回答: a) Yes, he is. b) Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes, they do. e) Yes, she is.

否定回答: a) No, he isn’t. b) No, you can’t. c) No, she doesn’t. d) No, they don’t. e) No, she isn’t.

2) 选择疑问句 Is the table big or small? 回答 It’s big./ It’s small.

3) 特殊疑问句

① 问年龄 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.

② 问种类 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.

③ 问身体状况 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.

④ 问方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.

How do we contact you? My e-mail address is [email protected].

⑤ 问原因 Why do you want to join the club?

⑥ 问时间 What’s the time? (=What time is it?) It’s a quarter to ten a.m..

What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o’clock.

When do you want to go? Let’s go at 7:00.

⑦ 问地方 Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table.

⑧ 问颜色 What color are they? They are light blue.

What’s your favourite color? It’s black.

⑨ 问人物 Who’s that? It’s my sister.

Who is the boy in blue? My brother.

Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma.

Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?

⑩ 问东西 What’s this/that (in English)? It’s a pencil case.

What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.

11问姓名 What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.

What’s your first name? My first name’s Ben.

What’s your family name? My family name’s Smith.

12 问哪一个 Which do you like? I like one in the box.

13 问字母 What letter is it? It’s big D/small f.

14 问价格 How much are these pants? They’re 15 dollars.

15 问电话号码 What’s your phone number? It’s 576-8349.

16 问谓语(动作) What’s he doing? He’s watching TV.

17 问职业(身份) What do you do? I’m a teacher.

What’s your father? He’s a doctor.

三、时态

1、一般现在时 表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时，它有：

Be 动词：She’s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.

情态动词：I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.

行为动词：They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.

Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch.

2、现在进行时 表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态，结构为sb be v-ing sth + 其它.

I’m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? I’m not playing baseball.

Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn’t writing a leter。They’re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren’t listening to the pop music.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Zero One Two Three four five Six seven eight nine ten
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
Eleven Twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen Nineteen
1. 特殊疑问句
What’s your name? –I’m Liu Ying. –My name is Liu Ying.What’s your number? -I’m Number One.
What class are you in? –I’m in Class Two
What grade are you in? –I’m in Grade One
What row are you in? –I’m in Row One.
What row are they in? –They’re in Row 7
What class is she in? –She’s in Class One, Grade OneWhat colour is your bag? –It’s black.
What’s his number? -He’s Number One, in Row One.What’s one plus two? -It’s three.
What’s this? -It is a clock.
What’s that in English? -It’s a book.
What’re these? –They are books.
What’re those? –They are cups.
What can you see in the picture? –I can see a clockWhat can she see? –She can see a dog.
What’s in the room? –There is a desk.
Who is this? –This is Joy.
Who is that? –That is David.
Who’s not here? –Ann is not here.
Who isn’t at school today? –Li Ming and Wei FangWho’s that girl? –That’s my sister, Joy.
Who’s that man? –That’s my father.
Who’s on ty today? –I am.
How old are you? –I’m eleven.
How old is she? –She’s seven.
How old is Polly? –It’s two.
How many children are there in your class? –66
How many pens do you have? –I have 2 pens.
How are you? –I’m fine, thanks.
How is your father? –He’s well.
How do you do? –How do you do?
Where is she? –I think she’s at home.
Where is the washroom? –It’s over there.
Where are her photos? –They’re on the wall.
Which is your friend? –The one in a hat.
Which boy is Tom? –The boy on the bike.
Whose clock is this? -It’s his.
Whose is this clock? -It’s his.
Whose shoes are these? -They’re mine.

⑷ 初一上册英语重点单词、短语、句型全汇总

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