英语四级真题翻译绿色

1. 绿色校园 英语四级作文

It is of great importance to make and maintain a green campus in our university or college. Obviously, a growing number of people are beginning to realize that it is our ty to do that in the present days, since the concept of “a green world” has become the focus of the society.

The idea of “a green campus” is beyond a green environment. To begin with, the development on the campus is to be sustainable and recycable. Some of the authorities’ budget should be on how to rece of the waste. What’s more, we’d better be aware of the seriousness of pollution around us. Thus the idea of environmental protection may become a common occurrence in our daily life.

It is necessary that effective actions should be taken to protect our campus from waste and pollution, and hence these activities are to play an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. Certainly, there is little doubt that further consideration must be paid to our green campuses.

本次作文还是延续四级一贯成熟的风格，偏重校园生活。当然也结合了时下流行的话题，绿色环保。上面这篇文章尽管有些不妥当之处，但能较好的符合四级考试作文的核心：无论题目怎么变，都是以考察学生的语言为核心，不是考查思维和知识面的。所以只需关注语言的应用就行了。还是可以灵活套用固定的套路，中心句＋逻辑词的方式，做到不变应万变

2. 大学英语四级作文

Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
◇第一段思路点评：
表明歉意
◇语言点提示：
① I am writing to apologize (say sorry) for :道歉信的常用开头句式
② assign: 分配，指定，布置
③ e；到期的，预期的
④ I’m sorry for the inconvenience it would bring to you: 另一句常用句式
◇第二段思路点评：
解释原因，虽然不是真的给人道歉，但是理由还是要充分的好。
◇语言点提示：
① referential: 用作参考的
◇第三段思路点评：
表明尽快完成论文，并表示以后会按时交论文
◇语言点提示：
① try my best to….. in the future: 道歉信常用结尾
（二）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of
Income Gap. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
1. 有些人认为收入差距的存在是合理的；
2. 有些人认为收入差距的存在是不合理的
3. 收入差距对社会的影响
●审题概述●
议论文，根据题目要求文章可分为三点：收入差距的合理性；收入差距的不合理性；对社会的影响。在叙述第一、二点时，可适当地的展开一两个小点。注意各点之间的衔接，以及论证的逻辑。
● 范文●
Income Gap
1There has been a heated discussion over the growing income gap now. Some people hold that the gap is natural because it 2reflects different contributions that different people make in their work. 3In their view, those people with high income work hard and long. Besides, these people bring high 4efficiency, and create more wealth. Accordingly, they deserve high pay.
1On the other hand, there are always some people who view this gap negatively. They believe that a lot of crimes happen as a result of this income gap. Some people make so little from their work that they 2risk taking criminal acts to get rich. In fact, experts have long found out that most cases of crime are directly related to low income. There is 3another point to 4back up a negative view against income gap. For most people, income gap may destroy the satisfaction that they obtain from work.
1As anything has two sides, so has the problem of income gap. Personally, I believe that this gap may 2motivate people to compete better in job market. When this gap is growing too
wide, however, our government should make some policies to 3get rid of its negative consequences.
◇第一段思路点评：
收入差距的合理性
◇语言点提示：
1 There has been a heated discussion over the growing income gap: 直接点题
2 reflect 意为“反映”
3 in one’s view 意为“在某人看来”（分析观点时常用词组）
4 efficiency 意为“效率”
◇第二段思路点评：
收入差距的不合理性
◇语言点提示
1On the other hand：意为“另一点、另一方面”（提出相反观点，与上文衔接）
2risk doing something 意为“冒险做某事”
3another point: 提出另一小点
4back up 意为“支持”
◇第三段思路点评：
收入差距的影响
◇语言点提示
1As anything has two sides, so…... 议论文常用句式
2motivate：意为“激励，刺激”
3get rid of：意为“摆脱，除去”
（三）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of
Green Olympics. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
1. 现在社会上有很多环境污染和精神污染的现象，提出你对“绿色奥运”的看法。
2. 为什么要提倡“绿色奥运”。
3. 提倡绿色奥运，从自己做起。
●审题概述●
本篇为议论文，针对各种污染现象提出对“绿色奥运”的理解。可分为三部分：对“绿色奥运”的态度，当然是支持了；其次，提倡“绿色奥运”的原因，可以从环保的好处说起；最后，从自己做起，怎样支持“绿色奥运”。
●范文●
Green Olympics
Olympic Games, as we all know, is a historic sports meeting. "Green Olympics", is one of the three 1themes of Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. At present, people"s life is being flooded with exhaust gas from automobile, waste water from factories and so on. Owing to these 2phenomena, we should 3advocate "Green Olympics", and I am positive of this point.
1Two possible reasons are as follows. Firstly, environmental protection benefits people"s health. In terms of increasing number of trashes around us, such as white plastic bags, one-off cups and chopsticks, it is sensible of disposing of them reasonably. So we ought to use clean technology, 2renewable and recyclable materials. Secondly, environmental protection is crucial to our country, and even to the world. In recent years, natural disasters, like tsunami in Indonesia and snowstorms in China, are partly e to the 3disturbance of the environmental balance.
1In conclusion, as college students and the young generation, we should try our best to advocate "Green Olympics". The 2008 Olympic Games will be a green and unique Olympics.
◇第一段思路点评：
列举一些污染现象，提倡“绿色奥运”
◇语言点提示
1theme：意为“主题”
2phenomena: （phenomenon 的复数）“现象”
3advocate：“倡导”
◇第二段思路点评：
提倡“绿色奥运”的原因
◇语言点提示
1possible reasons are as follows：常用句式，列举理由
2renewable and recyclable: “可更新，可循环的”
3 disturbance: “扰乱”
◇第三段思路点评：
“绿色奥运”从自己做起
◇语言点提示
1In conclusion：最后总结
（四）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a Letter. You should write at least
120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
给小何写信感谢他接待你在云南旅游，并且回忆美好的旅行经历 ，同时邀请小何来你的家乡做客
●审题概述●
这是一封感谢信，一般要表明感谢的事由。本题可分三部分：感谢小何在云南的接待；回忆在云南的经历；邀请小何来做客。
●范文●
June 17th ,2006
Dear Xiao He,
1Thank you so much for having invited me for the tour of Yunnan, your home province. I had a 2fantastic time with you and your family. Your great 3hospitality will be unforgettable throughout my life.
When I think of those 1gorgeous places of 2scenic beauty you showed me around, 3I couldn’t be more delighted. And the pineapple pie Grandma prepared for me is 4out of this world. I had never had so delicious food! Indeed, I am still missing your 5snug log-cabin, small and 6cozy, which was turned into my dream house in 7fairy land those nights.
Would you come to Harbin, my home town, some time this summer vacation? Harbin, a beautiful place frequently 1referred to as 2Oriental Paris, offers a picture of another kind. I can assure you another pleasant tour. My family and I 3cannot wait to see you here.
Yours,
Li Ming
◇第一段思路点评：
感谢小何在云南的接待
◇语言点提示
1Thank you so much for doing something: 感谢信常用开头
其他常用句式： Many thanks for your kind and warm help.
I am greatly indebted to you for your help.
Thank you for your generous hospitality.
Thank you for your kindness to have done me a favor.
2fantastic：意为“极好的”
3hospitality：意为“好客，热情”
◇第二段思路点评：
回顾在云南的经历
◇语言点提示
1gorgeous：“很好的，华丽的”
2scenic：“风景的”
3I couldn’t be more delighted：强调很高兴
4out of this world：“出色的”
5snug log-cabin：“干净的小木屋”
6cozy：“舒适的”
7fairy land：“仙境”
◇第三段思路点评：
邀请小何来做客
◇语言点提示
1refer to：“提到，指的是”
2Oriental Paris：“东方巴黎”
3cannot wait to do something: “迫不及待”
（五）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic
Advertisement. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
1. 广告的作用
2. 广告的形式多样
3. 广告的夸张性
●审题概述●
这是一篇说明文，用说明的表达方式来解说事物，阐明事理。写好说明文，不仅要抓住特征，注意条理，而且要巧妙运用说明方法，像下定义、举例子、作比较、分类别、列数字、打比方等。
●范文●
ADVERTISEMENTS
Advertisements are forcing their way into people’s lives. People refer to advertisements in their daily lives because they are consumers. The advertisers are usually 1manufacturers, retailers and salesmen. Their 2merchandise needs to be advertised to bring it to the attention to the customers. Thus nearly every proct is advertised in some way. To a large extent, good advertising leads to success while bad advertising can mean failure.
There are many ways to advertise and ‘ads’ come in different forms. Newspapers carry advertisements. Some procts are publicized on TV and radio which bring them into notice of a wide audience. 1Billboards also carry advertising. Advertising is a big instry now and many 2agencies have been set up to 3furnish a variety of forms..
However, advertising is not always truthful. A proct is often 1misrepresented. The advertiser 2exaggerates the benefits of the merchandise he wants to sell. Thus, he misrepresents the truth. The consumer 3falls victim to such advertising. Millions of people have bought advertised procts and have 4been dissatisfied with them.
◇第一段思路点评：
广告的作用
◇语言点提示
1 manufacturer: “制造商”； retailer：“零售商”
2 merchandise：“商品”，集体名词，这里用作单数
◇第二段思路点评：
广告的形式：报纸，电视等等
◇语言点提示
1Billboard：“广告牌”
2agency：“代理”。Advertising agency：“广告代理”
3furnish：“提供”
◇第三段思路点评：
广告的夸张性，众人对广告的怀疑
◇语言点提示
1misrepresent：“误认，错误表现”
2exaggerate：“夸张”
3falls victim to：“成为……的牺牲品”
4be dissatisfied with：“对……不满意”

3. 她的裙子是绿色的英语四级

Her skirt is green.哪个地方不明白，可以追问。明白了请采纳！

4. 俞敏洪大学英语四级单词记忆本绿色和红色的有什么区别

绿色的一般都是乱序版，红色的是有序版（从首字母A-Z顺序排列）。里面的词汇都一样，就是排列顺序不一样

5. 08年英语四级作文关于奥运会的

1.现在社会上有很多环境污染和精神污染的现象，提出你对“绿色奥运”的看法。
2.为什么要提倡“绿色奥运”。
3.提倡绿色奥运，从自己做起。
●审题概述●
本篇为议论文，针对各种污染现象提出对“绿色奥运”的理解。可分为三部分：对“绿色奥运”的态度，当然是支持了；其次，提倡“绿色奥运”的原因，可以从环保的好处说起；最后，从自己做起，怎样支持“绿色奥运”。
●范文●
Green Olympics
OlympicGames,as we all know, is a historic sportsmeeting. "GreenOlympics", is one of the three ○1 themes of Beijing 2008 Olympic Games . At present , people’s life is being flooded with exhaust gas from automobile , waste water from factories and so on.Owing to these○2phenomena,we should○3advocate "GreenOlympics",and Iam positive of thispoint.
○1Two possible reasons are as follows. Firstly,environmental protect ion benefits people’s health. Interms of increasing number of trashes around us , such as white plasticbags, one-off cups and chopsticks, it is sensible of disposing of them reasonably.So we ought to use clean technology,○2 renewable and recyclable materials. Secondly, environmental protection is crucial to our country, an d even to the world. In recent years, natural disasters, like tsunamiinIndonesia and snow storms in China,are partly e to the ○3 disturbance of the environmental balance.
○1In conclusion, as college students and the younggeneration,we should try our best to advocate "GreenOlympics".The 2008 OlympicGames will be a green and unique Olympics.

6. 09年12月英语四级答案详解

2009年12月大学英语四级考试答案详解
Part Ⅰ Writing
审题谋篇
本次四级作文主题为“绿色校园”，这是一个看似简单普通的话题，写起来却不是那么容易。因为很多考生对于“绿色校园”所表达的内涵感觉比较生僻。假如对“绿色校园”这一主题感到难以把握，考生可以从作文提纲入手进行分析以获取对“绿色校园”这一概念的相关信息。根据作文提示2，可以看出此处的“绿色校园”指的决不仅仅是青青的草地和高大的树木构成的校园绿色风景，也不仅仅指对校园环境的珍视和爱护，而是指一种环境保护的文化氛围和师生具有的环境素养，以及由此带来的和谐的人文环境和社会绩效。在深入理解概念的基础上，考生还应对 “绿色校园”的重要性进行剖析，这时，考生可以从多个角度组织素材，比如从校园的环境问题出发，进而扩展到师生的环境意识对“绿色校园”所产生的长远意义以及为未来环境改善所做的贡献。最后是阐述建设“绿色校园”所要采取的措施。需要注意的就是作文给分的重点在于考生如何用恰当的语言词汇表达自己的思想观点。而不是写得越多，得分就越高。一般分成三个自然段，大概十句话，基本的分布为首段、末段合起来五句或六句，中间段五句或四句，做到结构清楚，重点突出，就可以了。
参考范文
Creating a Green Campus
Recently, with the idea of making and maintaining “a green earth” being the focus of the society, “green campus” has become a more and more popular concept in universities or colleges, which, undoubtedly, will bring us an ever-lasting benefit to both our campus and our society.
The concept of “green campus” does not only mean a green environment but also refers to an environmental sense in people’s mind. Campus plays a crucial role in ecating the young generation and the consciousness of “green campus” will definitely proce a profound effect on students’ various environmental protection activities after their graation. What’s more, the young generation is under the burden of severe environmental pollution and there are many problems waiting for them to solve.
To make “green campus” come true, firstly, it is necessary to work out effective principles for the development of sustainable and recyclable campus. Secondly, it calls for people’s awareness of the serious pollution around us and actual action to rece the waste. Last but not least, it is necessary to strengthen the ties between campus and society, so as to ensure that “green campus” can work smoothly with the co-effort of the whole society.
建设绿色校园
近来，随着建设并保持“绿色地球”的观念成为社会关注的焦点，“绿色校园”也成为校园里流行的话题。这无疑会给我们的校园和社会带来长远的利益。
“绿色校园”不仅仅指绿色的环境，还包括人们头脑中的环境意识。学校在培养年轻一代上起着关键作用，“绿色校园”的意识必定会对学生毕业后的环境保护意识产生长远影响。更为重要的是，年轻一代面临着严重的环境污染，有太多问题等待他们去解决。
为使“绿色校园”成为现实，首先应该制定出可持续发展、可长远发展的有效政策。其次，还需要人们对环境污染的严肃性有正确认识并采取实际行动切实减少污染。最后但同样重要的是，有必要加强学校和社会的联系以便在全社会共同努力下使“绿色校园”顺利实施。
范文点评
范文以“绿色校园”开篇，保证了文章切题。第一段开门见山，强调当今环保理念下构建“绿色校园”的长远意义。第二段，着重讨论“绿色校园”的含义，指出“绿色校园”不仅指校园中的绿化，还指生活在校园中的人们的绿色和环保意识，把校园这个小环境和社会这个大环境结合起来，说理更加深刻。第三段是谈及具体的做法，分一、二、三点进行论述，无疑是使“绿色校园”的理念落在实处。结构完整，首尾呼应，用词准确。关系词的正确使用让句与句之间、段与段之间衔接紧凑，思想表达成熟有深度。
【生动的用词】 maintain保持;concept概念;profound长远的;sustainable可持续的;recyclable可循环的。
【丰富的短语】bring benefit to带来利益;play a crucial role in发挥关键作用;under the burden of在……重负下;come true实现;call for要求。
【多变的句式】
范文中长句、短句、简单句、复杂句交叉使用。不同句型之间的转换，能让阅卷老师更好地了解考生对句子结构的掌握运用，从而获得高分。
避错指导
本次作文在题材上，虽然仍然延续了我们所熟悉校园类话题，但与社会背景有很大关系。刚刚闭幕的哥本哈根世界气候大会使环保减排这个主题成为焦点，在全世界都提倡可持续发展、和谐发展这一背景下的“绿色校园”，同时也是一个社会热点话题，这是我们审题时所必须考虑的。另外开篇时，切忌拖泥带水，应直截了当，使阅卷老师对文章主题一目了然。
除正确审题之外，考生还应注意语言的准确运用，不落俗套。不同句型之间转换时，考生应对句子结构全面掌握，避免句式错误造成扣分。
最后，应尽量避免单词拼写错误。本次作文常见的卷面拼写错误如下表：
正确拼写 词性及词义 错误的拼写
focus n. 焦点 focuse
effect n. 影响 effection /affect
environment n. 环境 envirment/invironment
burden n. 负担 burdon
solve v. 解决 slove
serious a. 严肃的 serous
true a. 真的 ture
society n. 社会 soceity
theory n. 理论 thery
总之，考生在构思和写作过程中要尽可能做到思路完整，恰如其分地选择词汇。毕竟，无错表达才是四级语言表达合格的核心。
能力拓展
【同义词转换】
作文表达除了准确，还要做到句式多变，词汇灵活多样。
1. realize → be aware of 意识到
We’d better be aware of the seriousness of pollution around us. 我们最好意识到周围污染的严峻性。
2. keep → preserve 保持
It is necessary to ecate the students to be conscious of the importance to preserve the environment. 有必要教育学生意识到保护环境的重要性。
3. lead → conct 引导
This will help conct the activities of the college students. 这有助于引导大学生的行为。
【话题备考锦囊】
6. The idea of “a green campus” is beyond a green environment. “绿色校园”绝不仅仅是一个绿色环境。
7. The construction of “a green campus” will greatly stimulate students to take part in various environmental protection activities. 建设“绿色校园”将会极大激励学生参与环境保护。
8. To bring “a green campus” to its full play, effective measures should be taken. 为全面实施“绿色校园”，必须采取有效措施。
9. Campus construction is of vital importance not only to the physical development of students but to their mental health as well. 校园建设不仅对学生的身体发展很重要，而且对他们的心理健康也很重要。
10. There is little doubt that further consideration must be paid to our green campus. 毫无疑问，对于绿色校园应该给与更多的思考。
【话题词汇拓展】
devastation n. 毁坏 disastrous a. 损失惨重的
doom v. 厄运，毁灭 existence n. 存在，生活
healthful a. 健康的 messy a. 肮脏的，凌乱的
participation n. 分享，参与 preserve v. 保存，保护
preventive a. 预防性的 purify v. 澄清，净化
stimulation n. 激励，鼓舞 arouse consciousness 唤起意识
命题风向标
本次作文难度适中，与之前考试中出现的“限塑”主题有千丝万缕的联系。考生要想在本次作文中获取高分，除了审题恰当独到，还要有扎实的语言基础。如本文主题“绿色校园”可以采用多种表达：green campus和environmental-friendly campus;“绿色校园的构建”可以使用create，build up，establish和construct等，以体现考生对词汇多样性的积累。
从关注白色污染到关注博物馆免费开放，再到绿色校园构建，四级作文命题重点在侧重校园类话题的同时开始向与大学生生活有关的话题转移。由此也凸显了对历年真题分析的重要意义。更多地立足真题，总结规律，切实提高自己语言能力，始终是四级作文备考的根本。
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
篇章结构

核心词汇
1. aid n. ①帮助，援助 ②助手v. 帮助，援助
【用】financial aid经济援助;merit aid/ Merit-based奖学金;need-based aid助学金或经济资助;foreign aid外援，对外援助;hearing aid助听器;aids and appliances用具，设备【搭】in aid to用来帮助，起……作用;lead one’s aid (to)援助，给予帮助;in aid of作为援助……之用【拓】aidance n. 协助，帮助;aidant a. 帮助的;aided a. 辅助的
2. project v. ①设计 ②发射n. 事业，计划，工程
【用】Project Hope希望工程;project manager项目经理;project plan项目规划;project budget项目预算，工程预算【拓】projection n. 突出，发射;projecting a. 突出的
3. selective a. 选择性的
4. 【用】selective analysis重点分析;selective breeding选择育种，选择性繁殖 【拓】select v. 挑选，选拔a. 精选的;selection n. 选择，挑选，选集
5. package n. 包裹;套装软件，程序包a. 一揽子的
【用】package design包装设计;package agreement一揽子安排，一揽子方案;package holiday(旅行社安排一切的)一揽子旅游;package tour包办旅行(路线、地点、时间和费用等均作统一规定和安排的旅游);package program组装程序【拓】pack n.包装，背包v. 包装，压紧;packaged a. 袋装的;packager n. 打包机
6. ranking a. 头等的;n. 等级，地位
【用】ranking list排名;ranking method等级法，排序法
【拓】rank n. 等级;队列;v. 排列，列队
7. grant v. ①授予 ②承认;n. ①授予物 ②拨款
【用】grant of a patent授予专利权【搭】take…for granted认为……是理所当然; Granted/Granting that即使……(也)【拓】grants n. 补助金，津贴(grant的复数)
8. enrol v. 登记，入学，参军，注册
【搭】enrol in选课，参加【拓】enrollment n. 登记，入伍;enrollee n. 入学者，入伍者
9. eliminate v. 消除，排除
【用】eliminate illiteracy扫盲;eliminate poverty消除贫困;eliminate noise 消除噪声【拓】eliminate 是指把已进入者从中排除;exclude v. 指把想进入者拒之门外
10. qualify v. 使具有资格，证明……合格【用】qualifying examination资格考试，初试;qualifying competition预选赛，资格赛 【搭】qualify as 取得……资格，作为……合适;qualify for有……的资格，合格【拓】qualified a. 有资格的，合格的
11. excel v. 胜过，优于，擅长n. [计算机] 软件名称
【搭】to excel in/at (在某方面)胜过(或超过)别人;to excel in music 擅长音乐
【拓】 excellent a. 极好的，卓越的;excellence n. 优秀，长处
12. submit v. 使服从，提交【用】submit oneself to discipline遵守纪律;submit registration提交登记表，提交注册【搭】submit to 服从;submit…to 将……呈交给【拓】 submission n. 服从，投降
试题详解
1. 【原题译文】随着越来越多的低收入学生追求高等教育，一些学院__。
B【快速解题】本题的题干关键词是more and more，low-income students和pursuing higher ecation。由此即可定位到原文第二段，全文的主旨段。
【篇章分析】原文第二段指出：“But with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population in coming years, some schools are re-examining whether that aid, typically known as merit aid, is the most effective use of precious institutional dollars.”原文中with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population和题干中with more and more low-income students pursuing higher ecation意思一致;原文中re-examining和B选项中revise意思相同。所以答案为B。
2. 【原题译文】位于米德维尔的阿勒格尼学院三年前做了什么?
D【快速解题】本题的题干关键词是大学名称Allegheny College in Meadville和do，由此定位到原文第三段。
【篇章分析】原文第三段指出：“George Washington University in Washington, D.C., for example, said last week that it would cut the value of its average merit scholarships by about one-third and rece the number of recipients (接受者), pouring the savings, about $2.5 million, into need-based aid. Allegheny College in Meadville, Pa., made a similar decision three years ago.”题目中的D项It cut its merit-based aid help the needy students与原文cut the value of its average merit scholarships by about one-third and rece the number of recipients, pouring the savings, about $2.5 million, into need-based aid意思相同，所以答案为D。
3. 【原题译文】有排名意识的大学提供奖学金的主要目的是__。
C【快速解题】本题的题干关键词是rankings-conscious和purpose，由此可定位到原文第七段。
【篇章分析】原文第七段指出：“But for rankings-conscious schools in between, merit aid has served primarily as a tool to recruit top students and to improve their academic profiles.”原文中的recruit表示“招收”，和答案C中的attract意思相似，所以答案为C。
4. 【原题译文】汉密尔顿的入学和助学金办公室主任莫尼卡•英泽相信__。
D【快速解题】本题的题干关键词是Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hanilton，由此可定位到原文第十段。
【篇章分析】原文第十段指出：“to be discounting the price for families that don’t need financial aid doesn’t feel right any more.”原文与D项it’s not right to give aid to those who can afford the tuition意思相同，所以答案为D。
5. 【原题译文】近年来，奖学金的增长比助学金快得多，是因为__。
B【快速解题】本题的题干关键词是merit-based aid和increased，由此即可定位到原文第十二段第二句。
【篇章分析】原文第十二段第二句指出：“typically in a bid to enroll top students in the state’s public institutions.” in a bid to 可以理解为“为了……，力求……”。enroll top students in the state’s public institutions符合原题意思，所以答案为B
6. 【原题译文】依大卫•莱尔德来看，许多私立学院对奖学金的态度是什么?
A【快速解题】本题的题干关键词是David Laird，attitude，private colleges和merit aid，由此即可定位到原文第十四段。
【篇章分析】原文第十四段指出：“David Laird, president of the Minnesota Private College Council, says many of his schools would like to rece their merit aid”。原文和答案A项They would like to see it reced意思一致，所以答案为A。
7. 【原题译文】为什么阿勒格尼学院不打算完全取消奖学金?
C【快速解题】本题的题干是Allegheny College和drop merit aid。由此即可定位到原文第十六段。
【篇章分析】原文第十六段指出：“A complicating factor is that merit aid has become so popular with middle-income families, who don’t qualify for need-based aid, that many have to depend on it.”。原文中depend on和答案C选项中的rely on意思相同，所以答案为C。
8. qualified
【原题译文】每年是否可以继续享受学术奖学金取决于奖学金得主是否继续________。
【快速解题】本题的题干关键词是annual renewal，academic，merit scholarships和recipient，由此即可定位到原文A few words about merit-based aid这一部分。
【篇章分析】原文A few words about merit-based aid部分第四句指出：“These merit scholarships usually help students pay tuition bills, and they can be renewed each year as long as the recipients continue to qualify”。 这些奖学金通常帮助学生交纳学费，只要他们继续符合条件，每年都可以继续享受。原文中的each year在本题中被换成了annual，原文中的renewed在本题中被换成了名词renewal，原文中的continue被转换成了remain，所以本题应该填形容词qualified。
9. recognizes
【原题译文】体育奖学金申请者要求有______其在运动方面有杰出表现的教练或裁判的推荐。
【快速解题】本题的题干关键词是athletic和a coach or a referee，由此即可定位到原文A few words about merit-based aid这一部分第三段。
【篇章分析】原文A few words about merit-based aid这一部分第三段：“Recommendation for this scholarships is required, since exceptional athletic performance has to be recognized by a coach or a referee (裁判).”本奖学金必须有人推荐，因为杰出的运动表现必须得到教练或裁判的认可。题目把原文的被动结构变成了主动，而a coach or a referee是第三人称单数，所以本题应该填的答案是recognizes。
10. excellence
【原题译文】艺术奖学金要求申请者必须提交能表明其在某一领域______的证明。
【快速解题】本题的题干关键词是applicants，artistic merit scholarships，proce evidence和show，由此可定位到原文A few words about merit-based aid这一部分第四段。
【篇章分析】原文A few words about merit-based aid这一部分第四段指出：“Artistic merit scholarships require that applicants excel in a given artistic area”。艺术奖学金要求申请者在一定艺术领域有突出表现。原文中的in a given artistic field和题目中的in a particular artistic field同义，题目中需要填的是动词show的宾语，即一个名词，而原句中对应的excel却是动词词性，需要变成名词形式，所以答案就是excel的名词形式excellence。
全文精译
大学重新审视奖学金的价值
许多大学给予学生经济资助时，最重要的依据仍然是学生良好的评估等级和较高的试卷分数。
但是在未来几年里，预计低收入家庭的学生数占大学生总数的比例越来越大。一些学校正在重新考虑奖学金是否是利用大学宝贵的资金最有效的途径。
例如，华盛顿特区的乔治•华盛顿大学上周公布说将削减约三分之一的奖学金，减少奖学金得主数，而将节省下来的大约250万美元用于助学金。位于宾夕法尼亚州米德维尔的阿勒格尼学院三年前也做出了类似的决定。
纽约克林顿市的哈密尔顿学院说它将逐步淘汰奖学金。该规定不会使现有的奖学金得主失去奖学金，助学金制度将从2008年秋天入学的学生开始实行。
并不是所有的大学都提供奖学金;一般来说，淘汰率越高的学校，越不太可能提供奖学金。例如，哈佛大学和普林斯顿大学慷慨地提供了各种助学金，但是许多不符合助学条件的家庭为了上名牌大学不管付多少钱都愿意。
对于规模较小的地方性学院来说，他们只是努力填满空缺，奖学金只是财政收入的重要来源，因为许多奖学金得主仍需支付比奖学金金额更高的学费，而正是这些学费维持大学的运转。
但是对于有排名意识的学校，奖学金已经成为招收一流学生和改善他们的学术效益的一种主要工具。斯基德莫尔大学的经济学家桑迪•波美说，“他们试图购买学生”。
研究表明奖学金存在一种倾向，即大部分奖学金得主不依靠奖学金仍能支付得起学费。
“展望未来，更迫切需要的助学金投资”，汉密尔顿的入学和助学金办公室主任莫尼卡•英泽说。汉密尔顿大学已提供10年的奖学金。在这段时间里，在《美国新闻和世界报导》对最好的文学院的排名中，它从第25名上升到第17名。
奖学金每年帮助了大约75名学生，或大约4%的学生，花费大约为一年1百万美元，“奖学金给我们带来了好处”，英泽说，但“奖学金这种变相优惠学费的做法对不需要经济援助的家庭来说，似乎不妥。”
助学金目前仍是学生接受资助的主要方式，包括国家助学金、联邦助学金和机构助学金。但是，从总体上和大学层面上来看，主要由学校和州提供的奖学金增长速度很快。
一项由美国宾州州立大学教授唐纳德•海勒主持的研究报告表明，在1995-96和2003-04年之间，仅就大学的奖学金而言，增加了212%，而助学金增加了47%。至少有15个州也提供奖学金，通常是为了在公立大学中招收优等生。
但是近年来，越来越多的批评已经迫使大学开始减少这种做法。汉密尔顿和其他大学最近的决策可能是“一种迹象，表明人们开始意识到这种破坏性的竞争”，波美说。波美与他人合作，共同发表了一份《大学报告》，对于大学资助不是建立在需要的基础之上表示担忧。
明尼苏达私立大学委员会主席大卫•莱尔德认为，很多私立学校想减少奖学金，但害怕这样做，会使优秀学生流失到他们的竞争对手那里去。
“没有人可以采取单方面行动，”莱尔德说。他正在探索是否能获得联邦反托拉斯法的豁免，以使会员大学可以讨论如何共同降低奖学金。“这是一个跑得很快的旋转木马，没有大学相信他们能承受摆脱木马束缚的风险。”
一个复杂因素就是，奖学金已经在不符合助学金条件的中产阶级家庭中变得很受欢迎，结果许多家庭都依靠它。并且，随着学费不断增加，奖助学金之间的界限也变得模糊了。
这是阿勒格尼大学并不打算完全取消奖学金的理由之一。
“我们仍然相信对成绩优异者进行奖励的效用，好学生很重视奖学金”， 阿勒格尼大学负责招生的副校长斯科特•弗利达霍夫说。
位于亚特兰大的艾莫利大学以拥有47亿美元的捐赠而自豪。同时该校拟采取新政策。今年，该大学宣布将取消特困生贷款，同时对中产阶级家庭的贷款进行限额，但它将扩大其已有28年历史的奖学金项目。
“是的，我们在玩奖学金游戏，”负责大学本科教育的副院长汤姆兰•卡斯特承认。但这也有它的优势，他说，“事实上，这不仅仅关系到低收入人群，它还关系到无缘问津助学金、普通的美国中产阶级家庭。”
* 关于奖学金制度的几点补充
奖学金是向在某一领域杰出的学生提供的资助，通常是指学术、体育和艺术奖学金。
学术奖学金是以学生在高中阶段的分数，平均成绩和学术表现为基础。它们通常是专门为学，

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7. 谁帮我算一下2008年12月份英语四级的分数

快速阅读 选择对3个，填空的对一个 4分
听力 A部分对11个，B部分对2个 13分
听写单词对5个 2.5分
长句子写了一版 些，但权没全写 3分

阅读理解 A部分对了6个 3分
B部分第一篇对了5个，第二篇对了3个 16分
Cloze 对了16个 8分
翻译 对了3个 3分
作文 10分左右

肯定能过的
总分62.5 换算成710的,差不多为440-450之间.