英语四级列举观点的

Ⅰ 下面一段英文，难一点的单词单独列举出来，还有文中的语法分析一下，以英语水平大概在4级左右的眼光来看。

A German boy tossed a message in a bottle off a ship in the Baltic Sea some 24 years ago这是一个过去进行式，24 years ago是一个时间状语，in a bottle是修饰a message的地点状语，off a ship也是修饰a message的地点状语不过是往大了点说，离开了这个轮船，off有离开的意思。
and now he has received an answer他已经得到了一个回复，这是一个现在完成时，由have、has加pp组成。
A 13-year-old Russian, Daniil Korotkikh, says he found the bottle recently while walking on a beach with his parents in the Kaliningrad region.Daniil Korotkikh是插入语，13-year-old是形容词修饰那个俄国人。says是一个先行词后面跟一个宾语从句，因为says用的是现在时所以后面的谓语可以用任一时态，eg：found。while blah blah是一个时间状语从句，容易和when混淆，不过when一般接一段时间，while一般接一个时间点。while doing指当做什么的时候。
Frank Uesbeck, who lives in the western German town of Coesfeld, was five years old when he sent the message afloat in 1987. It included his return address, allowing the Russian teen to track him down.who blah blah是一个定语从句，修饰前面那个人，include做动词，包括。
allowing是动名词，to blah blah是目的状语从句。
Uesbeck and Korotkikh tell The Associated Press they have communicated over the Internet and plan to send each other letters each other是对方的意思，这里用了现在完成时，plan to do计划做某事。

Ⅱ 英语四级选词填空的方法也可以说下词的一些接法！比如什么词后面接什么词之类的！希望能具体的列举下！

首先把给出的词分类，看是什么词，然后看文段，看看空格血药什么词，再从词中选，再来看词义！！有些可以联系上下文找出答案副词可以修饰形容词和副词 形容词修饰名词名词也可以修饰名词

Ⅲ 英语专业四级听力经常涉及的新闻话题有哪些比如什么阿富汗啊、伊朗的，麻烦列举一下，谢谢

比较来热门的都是国际问题，自比如说国家之间发生什么冲突，以及事故事件，比如爆炸事件，恐怖主义，以及飞机船只失事等，多听听爱思英语和大耳朵的VOA，把经常涉及的比较难的单词弄明白，多听多练，应该就没问题了，听力只要练多了，自然就能听明白了，不过要逐个材料听，不要急于求成，要讲质量而不是速度。

Ⅳ 剑桥少儿英语考级要求

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希望可以帮到你啦！

Ⅳ 四级涉外秘书英语有哪些词汇，列举一些

职业资格全省统一鉴定
涉外秘书（国家职业资格四级）英语试卷

A. Listening Test

Ⅰ. Directions: True or false. (5 questions, 2 marks each question, 10 marks altogether.) Put  for the true or X for the false in the bracket in front of each question. On the tape you will hear a telephone conversation between a hotel guest and the receptionist at the hotel. The tape will be played twice. 判断对错。在每题前面的括号中画（对）或X（错）。下面你将听到酒店顾客和接待员间的对话，录音将播放两遍。（每题2分，共10分）

[ ] 1. Mr. Smith is booking 20 rooms on the phone in the same hotel.
[ ] 2. The woman is really sorry because they have only 8 rooms available.
[ ] 3. The woman is a shop assistant.
[ ] 4. Mr. Smith is not angry because he gets the rooms needed.
[ ] 5. Mr. Smith refuses the hotel’s arrangements.

Ⅱ. Directions: In this question you will hear a conversation. The tape will be played once for you to get used to it and then again for you to write down what you hear. Complete the sentences according to what you hear. You MAY need to write down MORE THAN ONE word if necessary. After the tape has been played the second time you will be given two more minutes to finish writing the dialogue and to check spelling, grammar and neatness. (2 marks each, 10 marks altogether)请根据听到的内容填空，如果需要，一个空可能填写不止一个单词。（每题2分，共10分）

1. This is one of the man’s ________ London restaurants.
2. She works for a big _________, in their market-research department.
3. Then they use the ________ to get information about what people think of the proct, how often they buy it, where they buy it, why they buy it and ________.
4. Last year, she went to America, Singapore, South Africa and ________.

B. Written Test
Ⅰ. Directions: Please put the correct word or expression in the blank space for each question (2 marks each question, 6 questions, 12 marks altogether). 运用所学知识，在每题的空格中填写恰当的词，每空一词。（每题2分，共12分）

Susan Lee has come (1) _________ Manchester for a trade fair. She arrived this evening, Monday, June (2) ________ second, and is staying (3) ________ three days. She has a (4) _________ for a double room with a bath (5) ________the Grand, a big hotel in the center of Manchester. Maria is from Argentina in South America, and she lives and works in Buenos Aires (6) _________ she is the managing director of Luxa Glasware Limited.

Ⅱ. Directions: Vocabulary: Please put the right answer (A, B, C or D) in the blank space for each question. (1 mark each question, 8 questions, 8 marks altogether). 词汇：请选择正确的答案填在横线上（ A, B, C 或 D，每题只有一个正确答案）。（每题1分，共8分）
1. He would like you to reserve a room for conference for the period of his ______.
（A） stay （B） staying
（C） to stay （D） having stayed
2. We should be greatly ________ if you would let us have your current prices including service charges.
（A） thank you （B） gratitude
（C） appreciate it （D）obliged
3. How long does it usually ______ you to make delivery?
（A） cost （B） take
（C） spend （D） expend
4. Here are our FOB price lists. All the prices in the lists are subject ______ our confirmation.
（A） to （B） in
（C） with （D） at
5. Since we are old friends, I suppose D/P or D/A should be adopted this time as the ______ of payment.
（A） model （B） mode
（C） ways （D） mole
6. L/C ________ sight is normal for our exports to your country, so we can hardly make any exception.
（A） at （B） in
（C） by （D） from
7. Can I have a ______ with Mr. Smith please?
（A） call （B） say
（C） word （D） speech
8. During the World Youth Contest, the contestants all put on their national __________. （A） clothes （B） costumes
（C） clothing （D） dresses
III. Reading Comprehension: 阅读理解
Section A. Directions: True or False questions, fill in T for True or F for False in the bracket. (2 marks each question, 5 questions, 10 marks altogether). 判断对错。在括号中对的填T，错的填F（每题2分，共10分）。

Problems may arise when your boss is away, and you must decide what action to take. Should you deal with them yourself? Contact your boss by cable or telephone? Get in touch with his deputy or partner or another member of the board of directors? Or simply leave them unsolved until your boss returns? Experience and common sense will help you to decide; no one can lay down hard and fast rules to cover all situations. A word of caution might come in useful at this stage. While initiative and enterprise are the necessary attributes of a good secretary, so are good judgment and awareness of one’s limitations. Be clear in your own mind just how far your authority goes; get your facts straight; where possible, seek a second opinion. Then when you decide on a course of action, see it through hard, if it should misfire, be ready to take the consequences.

[ ] 1. When problems arise and the boss is away, the secretary doesn’t have to decide what action to take.
[ ] 2. When problems arise, you should always deal with them yourself.
[ ] 3. Experience and what you learned from school can help you to decide what you should do.
[ ] 4. Good judgment and awareness of one’s limitations are necessary attributes of a good secretary instead of initiative and enterprise. .
[ ] 5. Be clear in your own mind how much authority you get.

Section B:
Directions: Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with appropriate sentences from the list to make it whole meaningful article. Note that there are more sentences than the blanks in the passage. (2 points each question, 10 marks altogether) 要求：选择正确选项，将其前面字母填入文章空白处。注意：给出的选项多于文章中的空格。（每题2分，共10分）

Paperless Office

Despite advances in data-storage technology, huge hard-disk drives and computer faxes, the volume of paper in the average office has continued to grow. It may be that the final needs to be on paper, but the first five drafts should not be.

While the younger generations are comfortable working on screen, (1) ______________. There used to be good reason for this.

(2) _________________ and you simply had to see a draft . This draft would then need to be corrected for layout several times.

This led to more copies, until the computer software finally proced a satisfactory document． Those days are now long gone.

Word processing programs today are capable of showing, on screen, exactly what the output will look like, (3) _________________spreadsheets, etc. But, even though they don’t need to print out document．nbspany more, people still want copies “for the file”.

But, (4) _________________they miss the point, because the document．nbspis already on file. Of course, you need to know exactly where everything is filed so you can easily find it again.

On the other hand, (5) __________________that they are a much better way of storing data.

（A） so that hard- drafts are generally not required for document．
（B） printing it out wasteful laser cartridges and paper are both very expensive
（C） disk drives are now big and cheap enough
（D） a lot of older people are not happy with a document．nbspdraft unless they have a printed of it
（E） in doing so,
（F） Older computer programs were generally not capable of procing screen previews of what to be printed,

IV. Translation. (4 marks each question, 5 questions, 20 marks altogether) 翻译。（每题4分，共20分）

1． It is now over seven months since we placed the above order with you and we are still waiting for the Linton filing cabinets.
2． I should like to remind you that we have already paid for these cabinets. We really must insist, therefore, that you deliver them immediately or refund our money.
3． We really must apologize for the delay in delivering these cabinets. As I said in my letter of 24 February, this is as a result of problems at our supplier’s factory.
4. 如果我们没有得到足够的赔偿，我就不得不给当地的报纸写信了。
5.酒店的食物质量太恶劣了，我们的团队中所有的人大部分时间都处于生病的状态中。
Ⅴ. Writing (20 marks). 写作（20分）
You are the secretary of your company. Your boss wants the sales figures for last month and will present them at a shareholder’s meeting.你是公司的秘书，老板要上个月的销售数据，在股东会上汇报。
Write an e-mail to the sales manager, Ting.请给销售经理写一封邮件，内容如下:
 Telling him to prepare the sales figures
 Explaining why you need them
 Saying when and where he should send them.
职业技能鉴定国家题库
涉外秘书（国家职业资格四级）英语试卷
标准（参考）答案及评分标准

A. Listening Test
【注意：本试卷听力部分录音在“秘书英语听力录音四级01”中。】
I． (5 questions, 2 marks each question, 10 marks altogether)（5道题，每题2分，共10分）

1. X 2. X 3. X 4.  5. X

II. (每题2分，共10分)
1. favorite 2. multinational 3. questionnaires, so on
4. Ireland

B. Written Test

I. (2 marks each question, 6 questions, 12 marks altogether).每题2分，共10分。

1. to 2. the 3. for 4. reservation 5.at 6. where

II. Vocabulary (1 mark each question, 8 questions, 8 marks altogether). 选择题，每题1分，共8分

1.A 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.B

III. Reading Comprehension
Section A: (2 marks each question, 5 questions, 10 marks altogether每题2分，共10分).
1. F 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. T
Section B: (2 marks each question, 5 questions, 10 marks altogether每题2分，共10分).
1.D 2. F 3.A 4. E 5.C

IV.. Translation Test. (4 marks each question, 5 questions, 20 marks altogether) Please translate sentence 1, 2 and 3 into Chinese and translate sentence 4 and 5 into English. 翻译。每题4分，共20分

1．自我方向你方下订单之日已有七月有余，(2分)却仍未收到所订购的林顿档案柜。（2分）

2． 我想提醒你方，我们已经付清所订购橱柜的货款。（2分）因此我们必须坚持你方及时发货，不然退还我方货款。（2分）

3．对于橱柜发货的延期，我们深表歉意。（2分）正如我在2月24日的信中所说，这是由供货厂方的问题造成的。（2分）

4. If we do not receive adequate compensation,（2分） I will be forced to write to the local newspaper. （2分）

5. The quality of the food in the hotels was terrible（2分） and everybody in our group was sick most of the time. （2分）

Ⅴ. Writing (20 marks). 写作（20分）You are the secretary of your company. Your boss wants the sales figures for last month and will present them at a shareholder’s meeting.你是公司的秘书,老板要上个月的销售数据,在股东会上汇报.
Write an e-mail to the sales manager, Ting.请给销售经理写一封邮件,内容如下:
 Telling him to prepare the sales figures,
 Explaining why you need them,
 Saying when and where he should send them.

Ⅵ 英语专业四级考试中，完形填空所考察的逻辑关系词都有表示什么类型的，譬如列举和转折

当然是所有的逻辑关系词都会考的，建议把语法书好好的研究一下

Ⅶ 列举十个英语四级考试中经常出现的短语!

呵,只要十个?
那先按要求做答
other than 非;除了
out of place 不适当的
that is (to say) 就是说,即
to the point 切中要害,切题
under the circumstances 这种情况下
up to date 在进行中专
what if 切合目前情况的属
with respect to 如果...将怎么样
without question 关于,至于,
word for word 逐字的

这里好多,多知无害!

Ⅷ 列举英语四级作文常用衔接词.比如说"相反地","进一步说","另外"什么的.带例句,范文更好

1) 先后次序关系：at this time; first; second; at last; next；; simultaneously; eventually；last but not least；to begin with；to start with；to end with；finally；seeing...；since then；first of all；afterwards; following this; preceding this.
2) 因果关系：because；because of this；being that；another important factor／reason of... ； since； as； for； in that...； owing to； e to； for the reason that...； in view of； the reason seems to be obvious; there are about... ；for this reason; as a result of this； therefore；...and so...； consequently；as a result； thus； hence； so；so that...； in consequence； as a consequence； accordingly; inevitably; under these conditions; thereupon.
3) 转折关系：but；even so；however；though；even though；independent of；reckless of ；despite that； in spite of that； regardless of; yet...；and yet； but unless.
4) 并列关系： and; also；too；as well as；either...，or...；both...and...
5) (补充)递进关系： furthermore；moreover；further；In this way ；still； not only...but also...； not...but...； in addition (to)；additionally, much more interesting, more specifically, next, besides； as far as... is concerned; moreover；in other words；along this line of consideration；on the one hand...，on the other hand...； even； as a poplar saying goes...；in order to do it...; meanwhile； at the same time； accordingly； In the first place...，in the second place...;equally important; of even greater appeal.
6) 比较关系： similarly; in like manner, in comparison with；when compared with；compared with；when in fact...; like...； likewise； similarly important； apart from (doing)...； ... rather than...，by doing so ；both…and...; in the same way; not only...but (also).
7) 对照(不同点)：yet; still; for all of that; notwithstanding; rather; neither ... nor; although; though; but; however; something is just the other way around；yet; conversely； unlike； opposed to; as opposed to ； in contrast (to)； by way of；on the contrary；different from this；as opposed to this； nevertheless; contrary to； whereas； while；but on the other hand.
8) 举例关系:for example； for instance； in this case; namely； as you know； you may as／say； as he explains； like； such as； a case in point is...; consider...； in particular；including...；for one thing...，for another...；put it simply；stated roughly； as an illustration， I will say...； a good example (of...)would be...；to detail this，I would like to...； It is interesting to note that...；in this situation; as proof; take the case of; take as example (something)； as for; as regards； as to； according to; on this occasion.
9) 强调关系：in fact; especially；particularly；moreover；naturally; what is more important； in reality； certainly; of course; indeed; in particular；not to mention...；believe it or not；undeniably; other thing being equal；it is certain／sure that...；to be strict; to be true；by definition; definitely; undoubtedly; without a doubt; in truth, in any event(不论怎样); without reservation(毫无保留地); obviously, not only.. but(also...), both... and...
10) 条件关系: if；unless; lest；provided that；if it is the case；in this sense；once...；if possible；if necessary；if so；if not all; if anything.
11) 归纳总结类： in other words；on the whole; in sum; therefore；hence；in short；in brief；to sum up；in conclusion; in summary； to conclude； the conclusion can be drawn that...; for this reason; in short.
12) 地点关系：beyond; opposite to; adjacent to; at the same place; there; over; in the middle; around; in front of; in the distance; farther; here and there; above; below; at the right; between; on this side.
13) 目的关系：with this object; for this purpose; in order that; in this way, since; so that; on that account; in case; with a view to; for the same reason.
14) 重申关系：in other words; that is to say; as I have said; again; once again.
15) 结果关系：accordingly; thus; consequently; hence; therefore; thereupon; inevitably; under these conditions; as a result; as a consequence; because; because of; so that; not only...but (also...); so... as to.
16) 顺序关系：first; second; thirdly; next; then; at the outset(在开始时)，following this; at this time; now; at this point; after; afterward; after this; subsequently; lastly; finally; consequently; before this; previously; preceding this; simultaneously; concurrently(同时).
17) 时间关系：at once; immediately; at length; in the mean time; meanwhile; at the same time; in the end; then; soon; not long after; later; at once; at last; finally; some time ago; at present; all of a sudden; from this time on; from time to time; since then; when; whenever; next point; a few minutes later; formerly; as; once; since; occasionally; in a moment; shortly; whereupon; previously

写作模板:
辩论式议论文
模版1
Some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that 观点1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 观点2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.
There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据1.
More importantly, 论据2.
Most important of all, 论据3.
In summary, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.
或 From above, we can predict that 预测.
模版2
People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight.
For one thing, 论据1.
For another, 论据2.
Last but not the least, 论据3.
To conclude, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.
或 From above, we can predict that 预测.
模版3
There is no consensus of opinions among people about X（争论的焦点）. Some people are of the view that 观点1, while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious.
First of all, 论据1.
Furthermore, 论据2.
Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 论据3.
A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点.
As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.
或 From above, we can predict that 预测.
图表式作文
It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少).
What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are … (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, …(第一个原因). More importantly, …(第二个原因). Most important of all, …(第三个原因).
From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).
提纲式作文
1． 对立观点式
A．有人认为X 是好事，赞成X， 为什么？
B． 有人认为X 是坏事， 反对X，为什么？
C．我的看法。
Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。
However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: 一个例子。
There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。
2． 批驳观点式
A．一个错误观点。
B． 我不同意。
Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。（According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响）。
There might be some element of truth in these people’s belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。
3． 社会问题（现象）式
A．一个社会问题或者现象。
B． 产生的原因
C．对社会和我们生活的影响
D． 如何杜绝。（如果是问题的话）
E． 前景的预测。
Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况。（或者是一个例子）。
There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon. 下面参照辩论式议论文的写法。
X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。
A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。
Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will ……..

英语四六级写作绝招
开头万能公式
1． 开头万能公式一：名人名言
有人问了，“我没有记住名言，怎么办？尤其是英语名言？”，很好办：编！
原理：我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的，包括我们欣赏的文章也是，所以尽管编，但是一定要听起来很有道理呦！而且没准将来我们就是名人呢！对吧？
经典句型：
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” （适用于已记住的名言）
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. （适用于自编名言）
更多经典句型：
As everyone knows, No one can deny that…

2． 开头万能公式二：数字统计
原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的，可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一，但编无妨，只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型：
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graation.
看起来这个数字文邹邹的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造：
Honesty：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。
Travel by Bike：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。
Youth：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。
更多句型：
A recent statistics shows that …
结尾万能公式
1． 结尾万能公式一：如此结论
说完了，毕竟要归纳一番，相信各位都有这样的经历，领导长篇大论，到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话，我们马上停止开小差，等待领导说结束语。也就是说，开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让读者眼前一亮，这样，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子：
Obviously（此为过渡短语）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.
如果读者很难“显而见之”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了！
更多过渡短语：
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus
更多句型：
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that…

2． 结尾万能公式二：如此建议
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话，那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了，因为这里虽然也是废话，但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽！
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典，因为考官本来经常考这个句型，而如果我们自己写出来，你说考官会怎么想呢？
更多句型：
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.
写作的“七项基本原则”
一、 长短句原则
工作还得一张一驰呢，老让读者读长句，累死人！写一个短小精辟的句子，相反，却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主题：
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.
如此可见，长短句结合，抑扬顿挫，岂不爽哉？牢记！
强烈建议：在文章第一段（开头）用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉！文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。

二、 主题句原则
国有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感！相信各位读过一些破烂文学，故意把主体隐藏在文章之内，结果造成我们稀里糊涂！不知所云！所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句，放在文章的开头（保险型）或者结尾，让读者一目了然，必会平安无事！
特别提示：隐藏主体句可是要冒险的！
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam（主题句）. Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.

三、 一二三原则
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚，条理自然。破解方法很简单，只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。
1）first, second, third, last（不推荐，原因：俗）
2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally（不推荐，原因：俗）
3）the first, the second, the third, the last（不推荐，原因：俗）
4）in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly（不推荐，原因：俗）
5）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（强烈推荐）
6）to start with, next, in addition, finally（强烈推荐）
7）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（强烈推荐）
8）most important of all, moreover, finally
9）on the one hand, on the other hand（适用于两点的情况）
10）for one thing, for another thing（适用于两点的情况）
建议：不仅仅在写作中注意，平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚！

四、 短语优先原则
写作时，尤其是在考试时，如果使用短语，有两个好处：其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点，如果老师们看到你的文章太简单，看不到一个自己不认识的短语，必然会看你低一等。相反，如果发现亮点—精彩的短语，那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路，只有凑字数，怎么办？用短语是一个办法！比如：
I cannot bear it.
可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it.
I want it.
可以用短语表达：I am looking forward to it.
这样字数明显增加，表达也更准确。

五、 多实少虚原则
原因很简单，写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西，不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词，少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候，不应该之说nice这样空洞的词，应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之类的形象词。再比如：
走出房间，general的词是：walk out of the room
但是小偷走出房间应该说：slip out of the room
小姐走出房间应该说：sail out of the room
小孩走出房间应该说：dance out of the room
老人走出房间应该说：stagger out of the room
所以多用实词，少用虚词，文章将会大放异彩！

六、 多变句式原则
1）加法（串联）
都希望写下很长的句子，像个老外似的，可就是怕写错，怎么办，最保险的写长句的方法就是这些，可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说：
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.
如果是二者并列的，我们可以用一个超级句式：
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.
其它的短语可以用：
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover
2）转折（拐弯抹角）
批评某人缺点的时候，我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点，然后转入正题，再说缺点，这种方式虽然阴险了点，可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢，我们说话的时候，只要在要点之前先来点废话，注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.
The coat was thin, but it was warm.
更多的短语：
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding
3）因果（so, so, so）
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩，然后我主动搭讪，然后我们去咖啡厅，然后我们认识了，然后我们成为了朋友…可见，讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序，先什么，后什么，所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系！
The snow began to fall, so we went home.
更多短语：
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that
4）失衡句（头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重）
有些人脑袋大，身体小，或者有些人脑袋小，身体大，虽然我们不希望长成这个样子，可如果真的是这样了，也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子，就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句的变形。
举例：This is what I can do.
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分：
When to go, Why he goes away…
5）附加（多此一举）
如果有了老婆，总会遇到这样的情况，当你再讲某个人的时候，她会插一句说，我昨天见过他；或者说，就是某某某，如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面，那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.
其实很简单，同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成；定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中，但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。
6）排比（排山倒海句）
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此，如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话，那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句，一个个得对偶句，一个个的不定式，一个个地词，一个个的短语，如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势！
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. （气势恢宏）
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可！

七、 挑战极限原则
既然是挑战极限，必然是比较难的，但是并非不可攀！
原理：在学生的文章中，很少发现诸如独立主格的句子，其实也很简单，只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会，它就是分词的一种特殊形式，分词要求主语一致，而独立主格则不然。比如：
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.
如果您可一些出这样的句子，不得高分才怪！
文章主体段落三大杀手锏
一、举实例
思维短路，举实例！提出一个观点，举实例！提出一个方案，举实例！而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式，任何情况下，只要我们无法继续文章，不管三七二十一，尽管举例子！
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her.
更多句型：
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, for example
二、做比较
方法：写完一个要点，比较与之相似的；又写完一个要点，再比较与之相反的；
世界上没有同样的指纹，没有相同的树叶，文章亦同，只有通过比较，你才会发现二者的相同点（through comparison）和不同点（through contrast）。下面是一些短语：
相似的比较：
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner
相反的比较：
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, …
三、换言之
没话说了，可以换一句话再说，让你的文章在多一些字，或者文邹邹地说，是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。
实际就是重复重复再重复！下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you!
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you.
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love with you.
或者上面我们举过的例子：
I cannot bear it.
可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it.
因此可以这样说：I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it.
更多短语：
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply

四六级写作常见句型
（1）用于描写漫画、图表的常用句型
①As the graph depicts , …
②From the cartoon /picture , we can see that …
③According to the statistics shown in the first /second graph ,
④The table shows / indicates / reveals that …
⑤It can be seen /concluded from the picture / table / figures that …

（2）用于句首提出论题或现象的句型
①Recently , …has

Ⅸ 英语四级考试，快速阅读全对，听力对15个，仔细阅读13对，完形对四个，作文70分，翻译对一个能过四级吗

1、主旨题 主旨题有三种：
A、作者的意图;
B、文章标题;
C、文章的中心思想。
这种托福阅读题型一般为第一道题，所以这道托福阅读题的解题技巧就是放在最后做，因为做其他题时，考生会逐步了解文章的各个细节，在做题的过程中就会对文章总的理解，最后处理主旨题可谓水到渠成、万无一失。
2、列举题 列举题有两种：
A、一正三误;
B、三正误。
也可分为四类。第一类：一句话列举。根据某个选项的语言提示，回归托福阅读文章找到一句话，这句话包含三个选项的内容;第二类：局部列举。根据题意，回归文章发现连续两三句话涉及三个选项的内容;第三类：段落列举。题干语言在某自然段首句重现。
这个句子为段落主题句，即三个选项的内容在这段出现，不涉及到其他段落;第四类：文章列举。选项内容涉及整个文章。一句话列举题和段落列举题有明显的信号词帮助答题，根据题序做题，不必区别对待。文章列举题和局部列举题则应放其他题做完之后再处理。
3、文章结论题
托福阅读文章结论题即根据文章可以推断出下面哪个选项结论是正确的，题干没有任何语言信号词。这种题有以下几种布局：为新托福阅读文章第一道题时，相当于文章主旨题，应放在最后一道题时，有可能针对文章最后部分，也有可能针对整篇文章，但不大可能涉及文章其他部分的细节。所以文章结论题的解题技巧应该具体情况具体分析，并不一定是面对整个文章。
4、作者态度题 作者态度题分为两种：
A、局部作者态度题;
B、整体作者态度题。
文章最后一道题问及作者态度时为整体作者态度题，它涉及通篇托福阅读文章，要根据整个文章数个语言点串起来的一根主线答题，也就是作者行文的口气。这种题的托福阅读题的解题技巧是考生千万不可以根据某一个语言点答题，因为整体作者态度题不是考核某一个点，而是考整体感觉。
局部作者态度题位置比较灵活，往往问及作者对文章中某一个具体内容的看法，题干通常信号请将考生带回文章某一区域，考查考生对某个语言点的理解。有时候，某个选项从作者的表达相悖，因此，做作者态度题时，考生一定注意不要把自己作为读者的分析、观点强加于作者。
5、文章推断预测题 文章结构题三种：
A、文章前面的段落内容是什么?
B、文章下面接着将要讲什么?
C、文章组织结构是什么?
推断文章前面的内容立足于文章首句，因为文章首句承上启下，尤其注意首句中诸如this、so、other than之类的结构词。
首先，读文章每段首句，文章每段首句表示文章内容的逻辑走向。如果文章讲述某一事物的两个阶段或方面，“下文”将介绍这一事物的第三个阶段或方面。所以我们把预测下文内容的题称之为坐标题，即竖看文章每段首句，横看文章最后一句，其他句子是文章所讲内容，而不是下面将要讲的内容，往往选项干扰来自文章所讲内容。

Ⅹ 英语四六级写作常用到的句子有哪些要考试了，急求，有大神列举下吗

对于备战英语四六级的很多考生来说，应该说许多人都背诵了打量了作文高分模板，但在考试中不知如何灵活应用。今天，北外网课（北京外国语大学网络课堂）老师就整理了几个考生必背的经典句子，供大家参考。
1、原文：当被问及对现在有关美国总统比尔•克林顿的沸沸扬扬的议论有什么看法时，大多数人认为这种暧昧关系纯属私事。但是，还有很多人认为他的行为应当受到谴责。我个人认为总统犯了这些过错，应该被指控。
功能句： When asked about …, mostpeople say... But many other people regard… as …. Ipersonally think…
译文： When asked about the ongoing uproar involvingU.S. President Bill Clinton, most people say the affair involves a purelyprivate matter. But many other people regard his actions as deplorable. Ipersonally think the president committed impeachable offences.
2、原文：涉及北京机动车使用量增加这一问题，有的人认为应该限制使用。另一些人持相反意见。也许双方的观点都有一定道理，但是，无论车辆多少，必须对废气排放实行控制。
功能句： When it comes to the increasing use of…, somepeople think that…. Others argue that ... There is probably some truth to botharguments, but … must be instituted regardless of….
译文： When it comes to the increasing use of motorvehicles in Beijing, some people think that use should be limited. Others arguethat the opposite is true. There is probably some truth to both arguments, butemission controls must be instituted regardless of the number of vehicles.
3、原文：目前，针对流动工人的问题展开了普遍的争论。反对流动工人增加的人认为这会导致犯罪率升高，从而危害社会稳定。他们主张应该严格限制进入中国城市的流动工人。但是，另一方面，支持廉价劳动力流入的人主张，为了支持大规模的城市基础设施建设规划，流动人口是必需的。
功能句： There is a general debate nowadays about theproblem of…. Those who object to the … argue that…. Theybelieve that … But people who favor …, on the other hand, maintain that …
译文：There isa general debate nowadays about the problem of itinerant workers. Those whoobject to the rising migrant population argue that increasing numbers lead torising crime rates and harm social stability. They believe that strict limitsshould be placed on migrants entering China’s cities. But peoplewho favor the influx of the cheap labor force, on the other hand, maintain thatmigrants are needed to support the massive urban infrastructure constructionprogram.