英语写作常用文化词汇

1. 常用的英语作文词汇和句式（高中）

英语写作常用句型（一）段首句
1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……

There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some
people suggest that ____.

2. 俗话说（常言道）……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，
它在许多场合仍然适用。

There is an old saying______. Its the experience of our
forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even
today.

3. 现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……；
其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。

Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily
life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is
that______.

4. 现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外（而且）
……。

Nowadays，it is common to ______. Many people like ______
because ______. Besides，______.

5. 任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不
利的一面。

Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it
has both advantages and disadvantages.

6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说）……，在他们看
来，……

People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person.
Some people say that ______.To them,_____.

7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。

Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming
more and more serious.

8. ……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈
的辩论。

______ has become a hot topic among people，especially
among the young and heated debates are right on their way.

9. ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许
多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。

______ has been playing an increasingly important role in
our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of
benefits but has created some serious problems as well.

10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可
以看出……。很显然……，但是为什么呢？

According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in
the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that______
while. Obviously，______，but why?

2. 求英语正式写作常用的正式词汇拜托各位了 3Q

表 层进 first, firstly to begin with second, secondly to start with third, thirdly what's more also and then and equally important besides in addition further in the first place still furthermore last last but not the least next besides too moreover finally 表举例 for example for instance to illustrate as an illustration after all 表解释 as a matter of fact frankly speaking in this case namely in other words 表总结 in summary in a word in brief in conclusion to conclude in fact indeed in short in other words of course it is true specially namely in all that is to summarize thus as has been said altogether in other words finally in simpler terms in particular that is on the whole to put it differently therefore 表强调 of course indeed above all most important emphasis certainly in fact 表让步 still nevertheless in spite of all the same even so after all concession granted naturally of course 表比较 in comparison likewise similarly equally however likewise in the same way 表转折 by contrast although at the same time but in contrast nevertheless notwithstanding on the contrary on the other hand otherwise regardless still though yet despite the fact that even so even though for all that however in spite of instead 表时间 after a while afterward again also and then as long as at last at length at that time before besides earlier eventually finally formerly further furthermore in addition in the first place in the past last lately meanwhile moreover next now presently second shortly simultaneously since so far soon still subsequently then thereafter too until until now when

3. 英语写作高频词汇

1． 并列关系
and， furthermore， more than that， also， likewise， moreover， in addition， what is more， for instance， for example
2． 转折关系
although， however， on the contrary， but， in spite of， nevertheless， yet， otherwise， despite
3． 顺序关系
first， second， third， and so on， then， after， before， next
4． 因果关系
as a result， for， thus， because， for this reason， so， therefore， as， since， consequently， on account of
5． 归纳关系
as a result， finally， therefore， accordingly， in short， thus， consequently， in conclusion， so， in brief， in a word

4. 求写英语作文常用的高级词汇（词组等），请附带用法和翻译，谢谢！

a great quantity of (接可数或不可数)大量
a good deal of (接不可数名词)许多，大量
a large amount of (接不可数名词)大量
a little (表示肯定)一些，一点点
a lot of (接可数、不可数名词) 大量的，许多
a number of (接可数名词)若干，许多
above all 首先，首要，尤其是
after all 毕竟，终究
ahead of 在…前面，先于
all but 几乎，差一点；除了…都
all of a sudden 忽然
all over 到处，遍及；全部结束。
all right 令人满意的；(健康)良好的； 好，行，可以
in all 总共，共计
all the same 仍然，照样地；
all the time 一直，始终
and so on 等等
apart from 除…之外(别无)；除…之外(尚有)
a great many 许多，大量
as…as… 像，如同，与…一样
as far as 远到；就…而言，至于
as follows 如下
as for 至于，关于
ask for leave 请假
as long as 只要，如果；
as soon as 一…就，刚…便
as though?= as ?if? 好像，仿佛
as to 至于，关于
as usual 照例，像平常一样-
as well 也，又
as well as 除…之外(也)，既…又
ask for 请求，要求
at a loss 困惑不解，茫然不知所
at all (用于否定句)丝毫(不)，一点(不)
at all costs 不惜任何代价，无论如何
at any rate - 无论如何，至少
at ease 舒适(地)，安逸(地)
at first 最初，起先
at hand 近在手头，在附近
at last 终于
at least 至少
at most 至多，不超过
at no time 从不，决不 。
at once 马上，立刻；同时，一起
at present 目前，现在
at the cost of 以…为代价
at the moment 此刻，目前
at the same time 同时；然而，不过
at the sight of 一看见…就
back and forth (前后)来回地，反复地
back up 支持；倒退
be described as 被描写成
be in favor of 支持
be made up of 由…组成，由…构成
be short of 缺少，不足；未达到
bear/keep．．in mind 记住(某事)
because of 因为，由于
before long 不久以后
be worth doing? 值得做某事
beyond the question 毫无疑问，确定无疑
both．．．and．． 既…又…，不但…而且
break down 损坏，抛锚
break in 破门(窗)而入；打断，插嘴
break into 强行闯进
break off -中断，中止
break out (战争等)爆发；使逃脱，使逃走
break through 突破，突围
break up 打碎；终止，结束
bring about 带来，引起，导致
bring forward 提出(建议等)
bring ... into effect 使生效，实行
bring out 使…显示出来；出版
bring up 教育，培养
build up 逐步建立、增强，增进
but for 倘没有，要不是
by accident 偶然
by air 通过航空途径；用无线电
by all means 尽一切办法，务必
by and by 不久，迟早
by chance 偶然，碰巧
by far …得多，最(修饰比较级和最高级)
by means of 用，凭借
by mistake 错误地，无意中(做了某件错事)
by no means 决不，并没有
by oneself 单独地，独自地
by the way 顺便地，附带地说说
by way of 经过，经由；通过…的方法
call for 要求，需要；邀请
call off 取消
call on 访问，拜访；呼吁，号召
call up 打电话；召集
cannot help doing 禁不住，忍不住
cannot．．too．．越…越好，再…也不过分
care for 照顾，照料；喜欢
carry forward 发扬；进行
carry off 拿走，夺去…的生命
carry on 继续
carry out ，执行，贯彻；进行(到底)
catch sight of 看到，发现
catch up with 赶上
check in 办理登记手续，报到
check out 结账后离开，办妥手续离开
cheer up 高兴起来，振作起来
clear up 清理；使变清；放晴
come around 苏醒；顺便来访
come on (表劝说，鼓励等)来吧，走吧；开始
come out 出版，发表；显现，出现；结果是
come through 经历…仍活着
come to 苏醒；共计，达到
come to an end 结束
come true 实现
come up 出现，走上前来
come up with 追上，赶上；提出
compare．．to 把…比作，把…与…比较
count for little 轻视
count on 依靠，指望
cut down 砍倒；消减；缩短
cut in 打断，插嘴；(汽车)超车抢档
cut off 切掉；切断；阻隔
cut out 删掉，割去
cut short 缩短, 删节
deal with 做买卖；处理；论述，涉及
decide on 考虑后选定或决定
die down 变弱，逐渐消失
die out 消失，灭绝
do．．a favour 帮助某人
draw in (火车、汽车)进站的
draw up 起草，制订
dream of 梦到；梦想，向往
dress up 穿上盛装，精心打扮
drop in 顺便(非正式)访问
drop out 退学，退出
e to 由于，因为
each other 互相(多用作宾语)
either...or ... 或…或，不是…就是…
end up 结束，告终
even if／though 即使，虽然
every now and then 时而，偶尔
every other 每隔一个
except for 除了…外
face to face 面对面(的)地；对立地
fail to do sth.?没能做…
get across 使通过；使被理解
get along 过活；相处(with)；进展
get down 从…下来；着手进行；写下
get into 对…发生兴趣；卷入；进入
get off (从…)下来；逃脱惩罚
get on 骑上(马、自行车等)，登上(车、船、飞机等)；有进展
get on with 与…友好相处；继续干
get out 离去，退出(组织等)；(消息等) 泄漏
get over 克服(困难等)；从(疾病、失望、震惊等)中恢复过来
get rid of 处理掉；摆脱
get through 完成；打通电话；通过(考试)
get up 起床；起立
give in 屈服；让步
give off 发出或放出(蒸气等)
give out 分发；发出(气味等)
give up 放弃；投降
give way to 让位于；给…让路
go after 追逐，追求；设法得到
go ahead 开始，进行；前进，领先
go along with 赞同，附合，支持
go around (消息)流传；足够分配
go down 下去；(船等)下沉；下降
go for 去请，去取；赞成
go in for 从事于；酷爱；追求
go into 进入；调查；从事
go into action 开始行动
go into effect 实施，生效
go on 继续下去，进行
go out 熄灭，停止运转；过时
go over 检查；复习
go through 遭受，经历；检查，审查
go up 上升，(物价等)上涨；被炸毁，被烧毁
go wrong 出错；发生故障，出毛病
grow up 成熟；成年；发展
had better 应该，还是…好
hand in 交上；递上
hand out 分发，散发
hand over 交出，移交
hang on 抓紧不放；坚持下去；(电话不挂) 等一会儿
hang up 把…挂起来；挂断(电话)
have an advantage over 胜于，优于
have in mind 记在心里；考虑到，想到
have nothing to do with 和…毫无关系
have (something)to do with和…(有点)关系
head for 朝…方向走去
help oneself 自取所需(食物等)
hold back 踌躇，退缩不前；阻止
hold sth back from sb 向某人隐瞒某事
hold on 握住不放；坚持；(打电话) 等会儿
hold on to 紧紧抓住；控制，克制
hold up 举起；耽搁；延迟
hurry up (使)赶快；匆匆完成
hurt one‘s feelings 伤害某人感情
if only 只要；要是…就好
in a hurry 急于，忙于 ’
in a sense 从某种意义上
in a way 在某种程度上，从某一点上看
in a word 简而言之，一句话
in addition to 除…之外(还)
in advance 预先，事先
in any case 无论如何，不管怎样
in brief 简单地说
in case of 假如，如果发生；防备
in charge of 负责，主管
in common 共有的，共用的
in debt 欠债
in detail 详细的
in effect 实际上，事实上
in fact 事实上，其实
in favour of 支持，赞成
in front of 在…前面
in general 一般说来，大体上
in half 成两半
in honour of 为向…表示敬意；为庆祝
in no case 无论如何不，决不
in no time 立即，马上
in no way 决不
in one's mind eye 在…看来
in order 按顺序；整齐
in order to 为了(做某事)
in other words 换句话说，也就是说
in part 部分地
in particular 特别，尤其
in person 亲自
in proportion to 与…成比例
in public 公开地，当众
in question 正在谈论的
in relation to 有关，涉及
in return (for) 作为(对…的)回报、交换
in short 简言之，总之
in sight 看得见，在视线之内；在望
in spite of 不管，不顾
in that 因为
in the course of 在…期间，在…过程中
in the end 最后，终于
in the face of 在…前面；不管，即使
in the future 在将来
in the way 挡道，“妨碍某人
in time 及时；最后，终于
in touch 联系，接触
in turn 依次地，轮流地；转而，反过来
in vain 徒劳，白费力
instead of ．替代，而不是
just now 刚才，才不久；现在，眼下
join in 参加，加入；和…在一起
keep an eye on 留意，照看
keep... in mind 记住
keep in touch with 与…保持联系
keep it up 坚持
keep on 继续进行，反复地做
keep one's word 守信用
keep sth. in one's mind 牢记某事
keep to 坚持；固守(习惯等)
keep up with 跟上，不落后
kill off 消灭，杀光
knock down 撞倒；击倒
knock out (拳击中)击倒，击昏
laugh at 因…而发笑；嘲笑
lay aside 把…搁置一旁；留存，储存
lay down 放下；铺设(铁路)；制定(计划等)
lay out 布置，安排，设计；摆出，展开
lead to 通向；导致，引起
learn ... by heart 记住，背诵
learn from 学习，向…学习
leave behind 丢弃；留下；忘记携带
leave off (使)停止，停下来
leave out 忽略，遗漏；省略
let alone... ?更别提...,更不要说...
let off 排放；放(炮)，开(枪)
let out 放掉(水等)，发出
lie in 在于
line up 排队，使排成一行
little (表示否定，不可数)没多少
little by little 一点一点地，逐渐地
live on 靠…生活；以…为食
live thr英语常用词组汇总

5. 英语作文常用词汇

.完全：absolute, unconditional, unlimited, complete, unrestricted, unmixed, perfect, entire
2.好：extraordinary, amazing, miraculous, marvelous, stupendous, excellent, good, well, wonderful, fine, nice, of high quality, pleasing, surprising, agreeable
3.小：small, diminutive, puny, little, pocket-sized, petit, minute, tiny
4.多：big , enormous, large, gigantic, vast, tremendous, gargantuan, huge, immense, a lot of, lots of, many, much, plenty of, a great deal of, a number of, an amount of, a great many, a good many, many a, scores of, dozens of, a great quantity of
5.高兴，快乐：delighted, delightful, pleased, pleasing, charmed, pleasant, cheerful, cheering, merry, happy, gratified, glad, gay, agreeable, friendly, content, satisfied, light-hearted, joyful
6.真的：True, truthful, veracious, faithful, accurate, loyal, staunch, genuine, honest, real, trustworthy, constant.
7.全，都：all, whole, entire, complete, perfect, total, the whole number of , unbroken , gross
常见的连接词
连接词根据其本身的意思和文章连接所需要的逻辑意义可分为几类：
a.表示开场to begin with , in the first place , in general , generally speaking
b.表示总结to summarize , to sum up , to conclude , in conclusion , finally
c.表示举例a case in point , a good illustration / example of … is …,
d.表示原因because , since , for , the cause of , the reason for , now that
e.表示结果as a result , as a consequence , consequently
f.表示比较both , like , likewise , similarly , in common , in the same way
g.表示对照on the contrary , on the other hand , despite , in spite of , however
h.表示列举first , firstly , in the first place , first of all , to begin with
i.表示强调especially , particularly , certainly , surely , chiefly , actually
j.表示让步even though , although , in spite of , however , but ,yet
写作的启、承、转、合常用词语小结
1.有关“启”的常用词语(用来引导主题句或跟在主题句的后面，引导第一个扩展句)
at first 首先
at present 现在;当今
currently 现在;最近
first 首先;第一
first of all 首先
firstly 首先
2.有关“承”的常用词语(用来承接主题句或第一个扩展句)
to start with 首先;第一
after 此后
after a few days 几天之后
after a while 过了一会儿
also 并且
at any rate 无论如何
at the same time 同时(用在“转”时，作“可是”解)
besides(this) 此外
3.有关“转”的常用词语(用来表示不同或相反的语气)
after all 毕竟
all the same 虽然;但是
anyway 无论如何
at the same time 可是(表轻微转折)
but 但是
conversely 相反地
despite 尽管，虽然
4.有关“合”的常用词语(用来引导结尾句或最后一个扩展句，表示段落的结束)
above all 最重要
accordingly 于是
as a consequence 因此
as a result 结果
as has been noted 如前所述及

6. 英语写作如何积累词汇

建议你看看新东方的写作讲义。网上有很多。有很多写作常用的词汇。我建议你在背单词的同时多阅读大学版的英文报。个人觉得写作得体更重要一些，高级词汇用得不合适反而会有点恶心。

7. 求几个英语四级作文常用的高级词汇和短语

一般来说，托福写作会涉及到一些固定的主题，整理这些主题所涉及到的词汇和句型，就有重要的意义。下面，小编为大家整理“托福写作高频词汇分类汇总”，希望对大家有所帮助。
1. 环保话题类 white pollute 白色污染 sustainable development 可持续发展 ecosystem 生态系统 environmental pollution 环境污染 over-fishing (overgrazing) 过度捕捞 (过度放牧) sand storm 沙尘暴 resource exhaustion 资源枯竭 water and soil conservation 水土保持 soil erosion 土壤流失 clear-cutting (deforestation) 滥砍滥伐 desertification 沙漠化 conserve natural resources 保护自然资源 shortage of fresh water 淡水短缺 disruption of ecological balance 生态失衡 natural preservation zone 自然保护区
2. 教育话题类 the craze for graate school 考研热 surf the internet 网上冲浪 cyberspace 网络空间 inter-disciplinary talent 复合型人才 assignment of graates 毕业生分配 net friend 网友 examination-oriented ecation 应试教育 teach students according to their aptitude 因材施教 quality-oriented ecation 素质教育 compulsory ecation 义务教育 internet bar 网吧 alt (continuing) ecation 成人教育 distance ecation 远程教育 campus culture校园文化 two-way selection 双向选择 work-study program 勤工俭学 double degree 双学位 non-resident student 走读生 resident student 寄宿生 extracurricular activities 课外活动 self-taught examination 自学考试 become well-ecated through self-study 自学成才 to rece study load 学生减负 web-addiction 沉湎于上网
3. 社会热点类 Project Hope 希望工程 information revolution 信息革命 jerry-built projects 豆腐渣工程 population explosion 人口爆炸 epidemic disease 传染病 dropout students 失学儿童 laid-off worker 下岗工人 reemployment project 再就业工程 clone technology 克隆技术 migrate laborer 民工 crack down on counterfeit goods / fake procts 打假 devalue 贬值 expand domestic demand 扩大内需 state-owned enterprise 国有企业 deflation 通货紧缩 inflation通货膨胀 rechargeable card 冲值卡 Smooth Traffic Project 畅通工程 anti-fake label 防伪标志 poverty alleviation 扶贫 infrastructure construction 基础设施 vicious circle 恶性循环 gender discrimination 性别歧视 psychological quality心理素质 pattern of consumption 消费结构 consumers’ association消费者协会 green food绿色食品 money worship 拜金主意 Olympic committee 奥委会 host city 举办城市 bid for Olympic 申办奥运会

8. 急求英语作文写作技巧和常用词汇

英语作文写作技巧——研习 “没有规矩，不成方圆。”对于一般英语学习者而言，写出优秀的文章有赖于后天习得，但并不意味着机械背诵、生吞活剥，或者照搬照抄、人云亦云。所谓研习，需要有独立思考和个人的判断，本着“他山之石，可以攻玉”的精神，汲取文章的精华部分加以研究。研习主要侧重两个方面，包括文章章法和语言表达。文章章法指文章的行文思路、布局谋篇、结构安排、逻辑顺序。许多学习者面对一个话题，可能存在两种不同的困惑，一是下笔千言，但离题万里;二是思绪万千，却无从落笔。导致两种困惑的根源皆在于欠缺思考问题、组织思路的恰当方式，以至于文章不得要领、章法紊乱。这就要求我们从全篇脉络角度多研习范文，之后领悟如何以演绎法行文、怎样用归纳法谋篇以及如何围绕特定话题拓展思路等等。此外，研习还要侧重于语言表达，包括遣词造句和句子、段落之间的各种衔接手段，以期在自己日后的写作中派上用场，因为英文写作皆通一理。只有善于借鉴，勤加研究，才会借他人的优势和长处，提高自己的写作水平。 英语作文写作技巧——背诵 背诵是提高写作的又一有效途径。要学好写作文，首先要处理好语言输入与输出之间的关系。前者是后者的前提条件。如果头脑空空如也，就根本谈不上写出像模像样的文章。只有读过大量东西，并且有意识地将其中精彩部分储存于记忆之中(commit the highlights to memory)，才能保证下笔流畅、文通字顺。因此，背诵对于写作极为重要。但背诵不是机械记忆，而是有选择性的背诵，是有意义的记忆。因为机械背诵的结果要么是记忆很快就荡然无存、了无痕迹，要么是无法活学活用、付诸实践。背诵包括五个方面：重点词汇、常用套语、精彩句子、优秀段落、经典篇章。 英语作文写作技巧——重点词汇 美妙的用词及搭配皆在此列，像fall victim(受害)，stand a fair chance(大有希望)这种地道的动宾搭配要勤加记忆。为了积累写作词汇，应将文中同属一个话题的用词汇总归纳，组成主题词族(topic family)。归类记忆可以使自己日后即写即用，得心应手。下文是一篇阐释爱心的优秀文章，多处用词精巧，现将文中关于爱心这一主题的词汇总结如下： emotional strength 情感的力量 the noblest of human emotions人类最高尚的情感 no thought of gain不计得失 the lamp of love爱心之灯 help the victims of natural disasters支援自然灾害受害者 donate whatever they can倾囊相助 help their needy fellow citizens 帮助有需要的同胞 be ready to give a helping hand 随时准备伸出援手 -When we use the word "love", we do not simply mean an attraction to a person of the opposite sex, which is a very narrow definition of the word. Love is emotional strength, which can support us no matter how dark the world around us becomes. In fact, throughout history people of many different cultures have regarded love as the noblest of human emotions. As an example of the power of love, we should remember how the Chinese people of all nationalities respond to the call to help the victims of natural disasters every year. Although their incomes are still low by international standards, people all over the country do not hesitate to donate whatever they can — be it money or goods — to help their needy fellow citizens. Moreover, they do this with no thought of gain for themselves. In my opinion, the best way to show love is to help people who are more unfortunate than we are. We should always be ready to give a helping hand to those who are in trouble, no matter whether they are family members or complete strangers. In this way, we can help to make the world a better place, for the darker the shadows of sorrow become, the more brightly the lamp of love shines. 当我们用“爱”这个词时，我们不仅仅指异性对一个人的吸引，这只是对这个词非常狭隘的解释。爱心是一种情感的力量，不论我们周围的世界多么黑暗，爱心都能支撑我们。事实上，纵观历史，不同文化背景的人都把爱看成是人类最高尚的情感。 说到爱心的力量，我们马上就会想起每年中国各族人民是如何响应号召支援自然灾害受害者的。尽管按照国际标准他们的收入还处于低水平，全国人民毫不犹豫地倾囊相助——不管是钱还是物——帮助那些有需要的同胞。而且，他们这么做并不考虑自己的得失。 我认为，表达爱心的最好方式是帮助比我们更加不幸的人。我们应该随时准备向有困难的人伸出援助之手，无论他们是家庭成员还是素昧平生。这样，我们就能够助一臂之力把世界变成一个更美好的地方，因为，悲伤的阴影越黑暗，爱心之灯的光芒就越闪亮。 一、近义词汇： 1.完全：absolute, unconditional, unlimited, complete, unrestricted, unmixed, perfect, entire 2.好：extraordinary, amazing, miraculous, marvelous, stupendous, excellent, good, well, wonderful, fine, nice, of high quality, pleasing, surprising, agreeable 3.小：small, diminutive, puny, little, pocket-sized, petit, minute, tiny 4.多：big , enormous, large, gigantic, vast, tremendous, gargantuan, huge, immense, a lot of, lots of, many, much, plenty of, a great deal of, a number of, an amount of, a great many, a good many, many a, scores of, dozens of, a great quantity of 5.高兴，快乐：delighted, delightful, pleased, pleasing, charmed, pleasant, cheerful, cheering, merry, happy, gratified, glad, gay, agreeable, friendly, content, satisfied, light-hearted, joyful 6.真的：True, truthful, veracious, faithful, accurate, loyal, staunch, genuine, honest, real, trustworthy, constant. 7.全，都：all, whole, entire, complete, perfect, total, the whole number of , unbroken , gross 常见的连接词 连接词根据其本身的意思和文章连接所需要的逻辑意义可分为几类： a.表示开场to begin with , in the first place , in general , generally speaking b.表示总结to summarize , to sum up , to conclude , in conclusion , finally c.表示举例a case in point , a good illustration / example of … is …, d.表示原因because , since , for , the cause of , the reason for , now that e.表示结果as a result , as a consequence , consequently f.表示比较both , like , likewise , similarly , in common , in the same way g.表示对照on the contrary , on the other hand , despite , in spite of , however h.表示列举first , firstly , in the first place , first of all , to begin with i.表示强调especially , particularly , certainly , surely , chiefly , actually j.表示让步even though , although , in spite of , however , but ,yet 写作的启、承、转、合常用词语小结 1.有关“启”的常用词语(用来引导主题句或跟在主题句的后面，引导第一个扩展句) at first 首先 at present 现在；当今 currently 现在；最近 first 首先；第一 first of all 首先 firstly 首先 2.有关“承”的常用词语(用来承接主题句或第一个扩展句) to start with 首先；第一 after 此后 after a few days 几天之后 after a while 过了一会儿 also 并且 at any rate 无论如何 at the same time 同时(用在“转”时，作“可是”解) besides(this) 此外 3.有关“转”的常用词语(用来表示不同或相反的语气) after all 毕竟 all the same 虽然；但是 anyway 无论如何 at the same time 可是(表轻微转折) but 但是 conversely 相反地 despite 尽管，虽然 4.有关“合”的常用词语(用来引导结尾句或最后一个扩展句，表示段落的结束) above all 最重要 accordingly 于是 as a consequence 因此 as a result 结果 as has been noted 如前所述及

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