英语写作的outline

A. 《英语写作》中 文章的outline包括topic和thesis吗

TOPIC通常是第一段第一句话，而THESIS通常是第一段最后一句话
TOPIC是一句话，是写出你
文章
大概要写什么。
而THESIS通常是用来总结你文章的方向和细节。

B. 英语系论文得outline怎么写

outline 有三种 很简约的说来
1.topic outline
thesis：XXXXX(是一句话,要打句点源）（下面的都是单词和短语 不打句点)
Ⅰ.XXXX
Ⅱ.XXXX
A.XXXX
1.XXX
2.XXX
B.XXXX
Ⅲ.XXXXX
2.sentence outline (格式和TOPIC OUTLINE 是一样的,但是下面的小点和层次都是一句话的形式）
thesis和下面的层次是一排起头的
3.mixed outline 格式也是一样的 但是第一层是要是一句话的 ,一下的都是短语和单词组成,是前面2种的混合体

C. 英语系论文得outline怎么写步骤等，谢谢

outline 有三种 很简约的说
1.topic outline
thesis：XXXXX(是一句话，要打句点）（下面的都是单词和短语版 不打句点)
Ⅰ.XXXX
Ⅱ.XXXX
A.XXXX
1.XXX
2.XXX
B.XXXX
Ⅲ.XXXXX
2.sentence outline (格式权和TOPIC OUTLINE 是一样的，但是下面的小点和层次都是一句话的形式）
thesis和下面的层次是一排起头的
3.mixed outline 格式也是一样的 但是第一层是要是一句话的 ，一下的都是短语和单词组成，是前面2种的混合体

D. 英语中的outline怎么写

与汉语中的提纲（大纲、概要）一样啊，只是用英语写而已。其他没有什么不同。

E. 一篇英语作文的outline怎么写

Then her charming smile, that smile make me feel warm. Especially in the winter. That smile are like what freesia.Winter is the season that leaves, but common in cold season flowering, which will undoubtedly give the wholewinter has brought angry. And she's like Freesia, her smile brought a glimmer of warmth to the winter season;there is no exception in the light of the sun, when the evening sunset, in the west to emit light, shining on every corner of the school, at that moment, she comes back, she smiles, that unforgettable smile, this is simply a words can not describe the 'beauty'
There is a One's childish dispos

很高兴为您解答 O(∩_∩)O~

不懂可以继续追问哟 (*^__^*)

满意请及时【采纳】 ^_^

F. 英语写作 求outline

Today, more and more people prefer to live in a big city. There are many advantages of living
in a big city, such as more job opportunities, more shops and more entertainnment places. But because a large amount of people have flooded into big cities, it is bringing about problems as below:
First of all, traffic....
Secondly, the house price....
Finally, deteriorating environment ...
In conclusion, ....

G. 英语论文的outline具体格式是什么呀

英语论文提纲outline格式：

1、论文题目：要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。

2、目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简表。（短篇论文不必列目录）

3、提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。

4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。 每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。

主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。

5、论文正文：

引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。 引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义, 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。

论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、 论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容：提出-论点；分析问题-论据和论证；解决问题-论证与步骤；结论。

6、一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料，列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页，标注方式按《GB7714-2005文后参考文献著录规则》进行。中文：标题--作者--出版物信息（版地、版者、版期）：作者--标题--出版物信息

所列参考文献的要求是：所列参考文献应是正式出版物，以便读者考证。所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。论文提纲也可以用最简单的格式和分类，简单明了地说明论文的目的、依据和意义，甚至是两句话。

这种提纲往往是用于科学论文，而且在对于各种概念有相互联系而不是孤立的出来讨论的情况下。如果总要分出1、2、3......点来写的话，往往会变成“八股文”的模式，这样的论文往往是应付式的论文，其真正的科学价值会大打折扣。

(7)英语写作的outline扩展阅读：

通常情况下，撰写论文提纲有5大要求：

1、要有全局观念，从整体出发去检查每一部分在论文中所占的地位和作用。看看各部分的比例分配是否恰当，篇幅的长短是否合适，每一部分能否为中心论点服务。比如有一篇论文论述企业深化改革与稳定是辩证统一的，作者以浙江××市某企业为例，说只要干部在改革中以身作则，与职工同甘共苦，可以取得多数职工的理解。

2、从中心论点出发，决定材料的取舍，把与主题无关或关系不大的材料毫不可惜地舍弃，尽管这些材料是煞费苦心费了不少劳动搜集来的。有所失，才能有所得。一块毛料寸寸宝贵，舍不得剪裁去，也就缝制不成合身的衣服。

为了成衣，必须剪裁去不需要的部分。所以，我们必须时刻牢记材料只是为形成自己论文的论点服务的，离开了这一点，无论是多少好的材料都必须舍得抛弃。

3、要考虑各部分之间的逻辑关系。初学撰写论文的人常犯的毛病，是论点和论据没有必然联系，有的只限于反复阐述论点，而缺乏切实有力的论据;有的材料一大堆，论点不明确；有的各部分之间没有形成有机的逻辑关系，这样的论文都是不合乎要求的，这样的论文是没有说服力的。

为了有说服力，必须有虚有实，有论点有例证，理论和实际相结合，论证过程有严密的逻辑性，拟提纲时特别要注意这一点，检查这一点。

4、论文的基本结构由序论、本论、结论三大部分组成。序论、结论这两部分在提纲中部应比较简略。本论则是全文的重点，是应集中笔墨写深写透的部分，因此在提纲上也要列得较为详细。本论部分至少要有两层标准，层层深入，层层推理，以便体现总论点和分论点的有机结合，把论点讲深讲透。

5、安排好论文的篇幅。如全文大约多少字，各部分大约多少字。有了这个安排，写作时就可以更有计划，避免东拉西扯，离题太远。至于一篇论文到底以多长篇幅为好，这并无规定。一般说来，篇幅过短，难以把问题分析得深刻、透彻。

同样，洋洋数万言的论文也不容易写好，很容易变成资料的堆砌，杂乱无章。从当前教育科研的实际情况来看，一篇论文的篇幅一般以四千到八千字左右为好，这也比较符合阅读者的心理。

H. 英语写作考试中outline概括的一般方法有什么技巧

其实就是总-分的结构。先写一句提示下文的概括性的话，继而进行解释或者介绍： 1．表示原因
1）There are three reasons for this．
2）The reasons for this are as follows．
3）The reason for this is obvious．
4）The reason for this is not far to seek．
5）The reason for this is that．．．
6）We have good reason to believe that．．．
例如：
There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life．Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved．Secondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or like．Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life．
注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life． There are three reasons for this．这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。
2．表示好处
1）It has the following advantages．
2）It does us a lot of good．
3）It benefits us quite a lot．
4）It is beneficial to us．
5）It is of great benefit to us．
例如：
Books are like friends．They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons．Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us．
3．表示坏处
1）It has more disadvantages than advantages．
2）It does us much harm．
3）It is harmfulto us．
例如：
However，everything dividesinto two．Television can also be harmful to us．It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching televi- sion．
4．表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能
1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient， possible）for sb．to do sth．
2）We think it necessary to do sth．
3）It plays an important role in our life．
例如：
Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business．Soon， computers will be found in every home，too．We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age．
5．表示措施
1）We should take some effective measures．
2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties．
3）We should do our utmost in doing sth．
4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．
例如：
The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious．Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it．
6．表示变化
1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years．
2）A great change will certainly be proced in the world’s communications．
3）The computer has brought about many changes in ecation．
例如：
Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years．The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek．Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins．
7．表示事实、现状
1）We cannot ignore the fact that．．．
2）No one can deny the fact that．．．
3）There is no denying the fact that．．．
4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in．
5）However，that’s not the case．
例如：
We cannot ignore the fact that instrialization brings with it the problems of pollution．To solve these problems， we can start by ecating the public about the hazards of pollution．The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment．
8．表示比较
1）Compared with A，B．．．
2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV．
3）There is a striking contrast between them．
例如：
Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable．Firstly，they do not consume natural resources of petroleum．Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problem．Last but not least，they contribute to people’s health by giving them e physical exercise．
9．表示数量
1）It has increased（decreased）from．．．to．．．
2）The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000．
3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15％ compared with that of January．
例如：
With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on ecation has increased．
再如：
From the graph listed above，itcan be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000．
注：“From the graph listed above，it can be seen that”见句式12。考生将句式9和句式12结合在一起，便可较好地写出2002年6月CET －4、6短文写作的第一段。
10．表示看法
1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth．
2）People have different opinions on this problem．
3）People take different views of（on）the question．
4）Some people believe that．．．Others argue that．．．
例如：
People have different attitudes towards failure．Some believe that failure leads to success．
Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor．However， others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers．
再如：
Do“lucky numbers?really bring good luck？Different people have different views on it．
注：一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始，考生应掌握这一写作方法。
11．表示结论
1）In short，it can be said that ．．．
2）It may be briefly summed up as follows．
3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that ．．．
例如：
From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however， its method should be improved．
注：例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句；例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句。
12．套语
1）It’s well known to us that ．．．
2）As is known to us，．．．
3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about．
4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that ．．．
5）As aproverb says，“Where there is a will，there is a way．?
例如：
As is well known to us，it is important for the students to know the world outside campus．
The reason for this is obvious．Nowadays，the society is changing and developing rapidly，and the campus is no longer an“ivory tower?．As college students，we must get in touch with the world outside the campus．Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graate．
再如：
Does it pay to be honest？This is a topic that is being widely talked about and different people have different opinions on it．

I. 怎么写英语论文的outline

OUTLINE
Creating an outline begins with a reading of your prewriting notes. First, group related ideas
together, looking for major topics (which can be headings) and minor ones (which can be
subheadings, examples, or details). Define your major points, and rearrange them until they
make sense and follow a logical progression.You will be able to see the relationships between
your ideas as you outline them, and determine their importance (major point, minor point,
example, detail). If you need more supporting details or facts——you can add
them now. As you outline your information, use one-word topics, short phrases, or write
out full sentences for each point on your outline.
If your prewriting notes are somewhat organized, you can use the outlining feature included
in most word-processing programs to create an outline. Otherwise, arrange them yourself in
a standard outline form using Roman and Arabic numerals and upper and lower case letters:

I.
A.
B.
1.
2.
a.
b.
Once you have completed an outline, revise and refine it by following these steps:
1. Write down your overall goal for your essay.What are you trying to say to your
readers?
2. Go over your outline and circle, underline, or highlight your major points or
images. Do they all support your goal?
3. Brainstorm words and phrases that will accurately and concisely express those
points (jot them down in the margin of your outline, or use a separate sheet of
paper).
4. Use this list and your outline to guide your writing. Do not allow yourself to
stray from your goal or your major points.

J. 如何写outline

英语论文提纲outline格式：

1．论文题目：准确、简洁、醒目、新颖。

2．目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简短列表。（短文不需要列出）

3、小结：是文章的主要内容摘录，简短、精练、完整。字数可以少于几十个字，300字以上为宜。

4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的标题、摘要和正文中挑选出来的，是表达论文中心内容具有实质性意义的词汇。关键词是用来标记文章内容特点的词语。一般每篇论文选择3－8个单词作为关键词，在“feed”的左下方再安排一行。

主语词是一个已经标准化的词。在确定主题词时，应根据索引和分组规则，对论文进行主题化，并在主题词表中转换为标准词。

5．主要内容：

引言：引言，又称前言、前言和导言，用在论文的开头。引言部分应概述作者的意图，说明选题的目的和意义，并指出论文的范围。引言应该简短扼要，紧扣主题。

论文主体：论文主体是论文的主体。主体包括：陈述－论证；分析问题－论点和论点；解决问题－演示和步骤；结论。

6．论文的参考文献是在论文和写作中可以被引用或引用的主要参考资料，列在论文的最后。参考文献应该是另一页，按照“gb7714－2005后的参考文献描述规则”进行标记。标题—作者—出版信息（版本地点、出版商、出版日期）：作者—标题—出版信息

所列参考文献的要求是：所列参考文献必须是正式出版物，供读者核实。所列参考文献应注明序号、著作或文章名称、作者、出版资料。论文的提纲也可以采用最简单的格式和分类，简单明了地陈述论文的目的、依据和意义，甚至两句话。

这样的大纲经常用于科学论文中，其中的概念是相关的，而不是单独讨论。如果一，二，三…点代写，往往会变成“八股文”模式，这样的论文往往是临摹论文，其真正的科学价值会大大降低。

(10)英语写作的outline扩展阅读：

其他文件格式

参考格式是指为撰写论文而引用已发表文献的格式。按参考文献类型可分为专著［M］、会议论文集［C］、报刊文章［N］、期刊文章［J］、学术论文［D］、报告［R］、标准［S］、专利［P］、论文［A］、期刊［G］。

许多文件格式都有开放的、标准化的或建议的格式。这些规范或建议描述了如何对数据进行编码和安排。

有时还指定是否需要特定的计算机程序来读取或处理它。有两种情况不公开文件格式。首先，开发人员将文件格式视为商业机密。其次，开发人员不愿意或者很少花时间在规范文档上。

需要注意的是，使用非公共文件格式可能会产生额外的成本。要理解这种类型的文件格式，您需要对结果文件进行反向工程，或者付钱给开发人员以获得文件格式。第二种方法通常涉及与开发人员签订的防扩散协议。无论哪种方式都既耗时又费钱。