英语写作结构
1. 英语段落写作的结构要点 要英文回答
The structure of an English essay is separated into three parts.The introction,the body paragraphs and the conclusion.
The introction is where you introce your ideas and give an overview of what you are going to write about.By reading this,the examiner should have a good idea of the content of your essay.
Then you go on to explain your ideas in detail.It is perferred to have one idea per paragrph.Each paragraph should consist of a main statement,an explination and an example to support your idea.
Finally,the essay should end in a conclusion.A conclusion is where all your ideas are summerised and reinforced.The conclusion should end with something that leaves the readers thinking.
2. 英语段落写作的结构要点 要英文回答 速求啊~~
The structure of an English essay is separated into three parts. The introction, the body paragraphs and the conclusion.
The introction is where you introce your ideas and give an overview of what you are going to write about. By reading this, the examiner should have a good idea of the content of your essay.
Then you go on to explain your ideas in detail. It is perferred to have one idea per paragrph. Each paragraph should consist of a main statement, an explination and an example to support your idea.
Finally, the essay should end in a conclusion. A conclusion is where all your ideas are summerised and reinforced. The conclusion should end with something that leaves the readers thinking.
3. 来为大神帮忙解析一下英文论文的写作结构
1. Abstract 摘要
标准的论文摘要一般只要五句话就可以搞定,也就是后面每一个部分的一句话总结:
1.1 Introction: 进行本研究的理由,本项研究的研究现状存在的缺失或者不足;
1.2 Method:所采用的研究方法;
1.3 Data:用什么样的数据来验证你的方法;
1.4 Results:从研究中得出什么结论;
1.5 Implication:得出的结论对研究领域和实践有什么意义(理论与实践意义)
2. Introction 简介
2.1 Research background:
目的是证实该研究问题的重要性。如这一类问题造成的损失很严重,因此研究这一问题很重要。
2.2 Research problem:
在上述的这一大研究背景下,要做什么问题(或者方面)的研究;在上述的这一大研究背景下,这一研究可以在哪些方面解决现存的实际问题。
2.3 研究现状:
别人已经做了哪些东西,别人已经做过什么,发现了什么样的问题?
2.4 现存的研究有什么问题与不足:
别人有什么没有做过?为什么别人没有做得更好?并说明这些研究不足会带来严重后果。
2.5 本研究的目标(objective)和研究范围(scope):
本研究弥补这些问题中(这些没做过或者做过没做好的问题中)的哪些不足,采用什么研究方法去弥补不足。陈述本项研究的范围局限,并高度概括本论文研究结论。
2.6 文章结构:本论文的后续部分的基本内容架构。
3. Literature review 文献综述
目的:Literature review证明与说明两件事情:一是研究目标的设定是有意义的;二是你在本研究中采用的方法是可靠的、有效的。
包括三个层次的内容:
3.1 对选题(你找到的研究问题)的justification。即对做过没做好或者没做过的研究问题,在这个研究领域,针对research problem而言,让读者明白本项研究是有意义的;
3.2 现存文献中对本文值得参考并可借鉴的东西(包括分析工具和成果);
3.3 非相关或者相邻研究领域值得借鉴的东西,侧重于可借鉴的研究方法。
3.2与3.3就确定了研究方法。
补充说明:注意introction 2.5中的研究目的与研究范围的区别。
小结:文献综述不是综述文献,而是去找到问题,不是为了综述而述。并不在于对所有的相关文献作详尽描述和总结,应该是对相关研究现状的高度概括。至此,已经把研究问题、研究目标、研究方法明确了,并且对它们已经证明了、辩护了。
4. Method 方法论
此部分主要是对方法的描述。该部分包含三个方面的内容:
4.1 研究策略(Research strategy)
总概研究过程。要做这样的一个研究采用一个什么样的研究策略:即所采用的研究思路。
4.2 数据采集的方法
建立在对研究问题深入认识的基础上,需要采集什么样的数据(变量)。这里的数据的概念是泛泛的,不是指具体的数据,而包括数据结构、变量(考虑的因素)。
4.3 数据的分析方法
如数学分析、逻辑分析(推理)、统计模型等数据分析方法。统计模型(模型的建立、模型校验(模型计算)、模型推断(在算的过程中所推断出的一些结果)、模型评价与对比)。
5. Data 数据资料
主要围绕data,对你所收集的数据做一个简要的描述,描述所收集的数据的特点。如从哪个机构得到一个数据,有什么样的特征、变量的期望值、方差、中位数、最大与最小值等。
包含两个层次的内容:
5.1 数据的来源、采集数据的时间周期、描述性的统计值
5.2 对所收集的数据的初步的处理方法。
6. Results 结果
运用所采用的数据分析方法(即模型的建立、模型校验(模型计算)、模型推断(在算的过程中所推断出的一些结果)、模型评价与对比)得到的模型分析结果。应该着重对所得出的重要结果进行描述,不需要对所有的结果进行描述。
7. Discussion 讨论
Discussion就是针对所得出的结果做横向或者纵向的对比和讨论,包括自己的结果之间的比较、自己结果与别人结果之间的比较;如果结果存在差异性,并对结果之间的差异性的成因作讨论分析。这样的差异性分析进一步加强了本研究的重要性。可以进一步地验证:对所提出的观点做数据方面的支持。
注意6和7的区别:Results强调清楚地陈述研究结果,受制于数据分析方法(模型建立、模型校验、模型推断、模型评价)的框架制约。而Discussion强调把结果打乱,提出最值得讨论和有意义的结果,是对本项研究所得出结果(results)高度抽象的产物。
写discussion的三重境界:一是得出与人家相同的结果(意义不大);二是得出不同结果,但是不讨论差异性成因(需要升华);三是得出不同结果,并作差异性成因分析(较高水平)。
8. Conclusion 结论
标题可以叫conclusion,但是实际包含四个内容:
8.1 Conclusion
8.1.1 研究过程:对研究过程的综述。在期刊论文中可以不写,但是在学位论文中一定要写。
8.1.2 该研究得出的结论:这个研究成果不是Results和Discussion的复述,而是对Results和Discussion的更进一步的抽象和概括。
8.2 Implication:从研究结论中所反映出来的对该研究领域的贡献以及启示,更侧重于启示。
8.3 Limitation:所得出的研究结果(该研究结果)的局限性。Limitation与scope是两回事,但两者相关,有差异性,其差异性体现在scope针对的是研究范围,在该研究范围内,你的研究结论是成立的,有效的,在scope内是绝对不能被人家挑毛病的;limitation要承认即使在scope内,由于数据的有限性和方法的不完备性所导致的局限性。总之,limitation的成因包括两个方面,一是scope所造成的limitation;另一方面是由于数据、方法所造成的limitation。
8.4 Future study
基于两个认识(一是对limitation的认识,二是对本文结论的implication的认识)所提出的后续研究课题。
9. References 参考文献
就是一个字:consistent,文献列表和标注的一致性。应该与刊物格式要求一致,不同journal格式要求不一样。更为重要的是自己论文格式前后要一致,包括标点符号等。
4. 英语作文和结构
是的 副词修饰动词和形容词
5. 英语写作的基本结构是什么
1.雅思作文的introction 雅思作文的introction的功能在于把读者(考官)引入到你的essay里面,introction也分版三个部分,第一部分general statement.第二权部分narrowing process.第三部分thesis statement.雅思的大作文,字数太少,所以introcti。
6. 英语写作常见句型有什么结构吗
开头:
When it comes to ..., some think ...
There is a public debate today that ...
A is a commen way of ..., but is it a wise one?
Recentaly the problem has been brought into focus.
提出观点:
Now there is a growing awareness that...
It is time we explore the truth of ...
Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible.
进一步提出观点:
... but that is only part of the history.
Another equally important aspect is ...
A is but one of the many effects. Another is ...
Besides, other reasons are...
提出假想例子的方式:
Suppose that...
Just imagine what would be like if...
It is reasonable to expect...
It is not surprising that...
举普通例子:
For example(instance),...
... such as A,B,C and so on (so forth)
A good case in point is...
A particular example for this is...
引用:
One of the greatest early writers said ...
"Knowledge is power", such is the remard of ...
"......". That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise...).
"......". How often we hear such words like there.
讲故事
(先说故事主体),this story is not rare.
..., such delimma we often meet in daily life.
..., the story still has a realistic significance.
提出原因:
There are many reasons for ...
Why .... , for one thing,...
The answer to this problem involves many factors.
Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involves ...
The first reason can be obiviously seen.
Most people would agree that...
Some people may neglect that in fact ...
Others suggest that...
Part of the explanation is ...
进行对比:
The advantages for A for outweigh the disadvantages of...
Although A enjoys a distinct advantage ...
Indeed , A carries much weight than B when sth is concerned.
A maybe ... , but it suffers from the disadvantage that...
承上启下:
To understand the truth of ..., it is also important to see...
A study of ... will make this point clear
让步:
Certainly, B has its own advantages, such as...
I do not deny that A has its own merits.
结尾:
>From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw
the conclusion that ...
In summary, it is wiser ...
In short...
在作文中引用合适的名言警句,会给你的文章增色许多。这里收集了我本人喜爱的一些名言,可能会对你有用。我们使用引用的位置可以在开头结尾或正文段落中,
常见的使用形式如下:
One of the greatest early writers said ...
"Knowledge is power", such is the remard of ...
"......". That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise...).
"......". How often we hear such words like there.
Useful quotations
逆境
by Robert Collier
In every adversity there lies the seed of an equivalent advantage. In every defeat there is a lesson showing you how to win the victory next time.
努力与成功
by Ann Landers
Opportunities are usually disguised as hard work, so most people don't recognize them.
坚持
by Ralph Waldo Emerson
No one can cheat you out of ultimate success but yourselves.
Confucius 孔子
Our greatest glory is not in never falling...
but in rising every time we fall.
坚持
Mother Teresa
To keep a lamp burning we have to keep putting oil in it.
Henry Ford
Nothing is particularly hard if you divide it inuo small jobs.
Winston Churchill
Never, never, never, never give up.
Albert Einstein
In uhe middle of difficulty lies opportunity.
努力与成功
by Crassus
Those who aim at great deeds must suffer greatly.
Thomas Edison
There is no substitute for hard work.
Leo Tolstoi
The strongest of all warriors are these two- Time and Patience.
Thomas Jefferson
I'm a great believer in luck,
and I find the harder I work...
the more I have of it.
Robert Collier
Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.
Ray A. Croc
Luck is a dividend of sweat. The more you sweat, the luckier you get.
实际经验与间接经验
You'll learn more about a road by traveling it...
than by consulting all the maps in the world.
动机与结果
Vince Lombardi
Winning isn't everything...
but wanting to win is.
John F. Kennedy
We choose to go!to the moon and other things , oot because they are easy, but because they are hard.
Thucydides
The strong do what they will.
The weak do what they must.
为人态度:
John Wooden
Talent is God given--Be Humble.
Fame is man given-- Be Thankful.
Conceit is self given --Be Careful.
行动:
Theodore Roosevelt
Do what you can , with what you have , with where you are.
Publilius Syrus Maxim
No one knows what he can do till he tries.
Terence
There is nothing so easy but that it becomes difficult when you do it reluctantly.
Thomas Fuller
A wise man turns chance into good fortune.
William Hazlitt
Prosperity is a great teacher;
adversity is a greater.
William Penn
No pains, no palm;
no thorns, no throne;
no gall , no glory;
no cross, no crown.
Will Rogers
Even if you're on the right track, you'll get run over... if you just sit there.
Opportunity rarely knocks on your door.
Knock rather on opportunity's door if you ardently wish to enter.
成功与失败
Vince Lombardi
It's not whether you get knocked down.
...It's whether you get up again.
Winston Churchill
An optimist sees an opportunity in every calamity;
a pessimist sees a calamity in every opportunity.
热情(年轻/年老)
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.
信心
James Allen
The will to do springs from the knowledge that we can do.
Samuel Johnson
Few things are impossible to diligence and skill.
Aughey
Lost time is never found again.
Voltaire
No problem can stand the assault of sustained thinking.
Napoleon
Victory belongs to the most persevering.
细心
Euipides
Leave no stone unturned.
计划与工作
Norman Vincent Peale
Plan your work for today and every day;
then work your plan.
Henry Ford
Failure is only the opportunity to more intelligently begin again.
Thomas Edison
I start where the last man left off.
理想与现实
What the mind of man can conceive and believe,
the mind of a man can achieve.
勤奋
Benjamin Franklin
Plough deep while sluggards sleep.
目标
Henry David Thoreau
In the lone run men hit only what they aim at.
幸运
Emily Dickinson
Luck is not chance...
It's toil...
Fortune's expensive smile is earned.
勤奋
Thomas Edison
Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.
Useful Quotations
想象力
Albert Einstein
Imagination is more important than knowledge.
挑战:
Walter Begehot
The great pleasure in life is doing what people say you cannot do.
机会与准备
Abraham Lincoln
I will prepare and some day my chance will come.
信心与事实
Henry Ford
Whether you think you can or think you can't -- you are right.
English Proverb
Where there's a will there's a way.
There is no failure excepting no longer trying.
Luck is what happens when preparation meets opportunity
英文写作必背之35个句型
一、…the + …est + 名词 +(that)+ 主词 + haveever + seen(known/heard/had/read,etc)
…the most + 形容词 + 名词 +(that)+ 主词 + have ever + seen(known/heard/had/read,etc)
例句:
Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.
海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。
Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.
张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。
二、Nothing is + …er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V
例句:
Nothing is more important than to receive ecation.
没有比接受教育更重要的事。
三、…cannot emphasize the importance of …too much.(再怎么强调……的重要性也不为过)
例句:
We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
四、There is no denying that + S + V …(不可否认的……)
例句:
There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.
不可否认的,我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。
五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子…(全世界都知道……)
例句:
It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.
全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
六、There is no doubt that + 句子…(毫无疑问的……)
例句:
There is no doubt that our ecational system leaves something to be desired.
毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。
七、An advantage of …is that + 句子(……的优点是……)
例句:
An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create(proce)any pollution.
使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。
八、The reason why + 句子 …is that + 句子(……的原因是……)
例句:
The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air./ The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.
我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。
九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子(如此……以致于……)
例句:
So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.
时间是如此珍贵,我们经不起浪费它。
十、Adj + as + Subject(主词)+ be,S + V…(虽然……)
例句:
Rich as our country is,the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory. {by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}
虽然我们的国家富有,我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。
十一、The +…er + S + V,…the + …er + S + V…
The + more + Adj + S + V,…the + more + Adj + S + V…(愈……愈……)
例句:The harder you work,the more progress you make.
你愈努力,你愈进步。
The more books we read,the more learned we become.
我们书读愈多,我们愈有学问。
十二、By +Ving,…can …(借着……,……能够……)
例句:By taking exercise,we can always stay healthy.
借着做运动,我们能够始终保持健康。
十三、…enable+Object(受词)+ to+V (……使……能够……)
例句:Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.
听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。
十四、On no account can we +V …(我们绝对不能……)
例句:On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.
我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。
十五、It is time+S+过去式 (该是……的时候了)
例句:It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.
该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
十六、Those who…(……的人……)
例句:Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.
违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。
十七、There is no one but…(没有人不……)
例句:There is no one but longs to go to college.
没有人不渴望上大学。
十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V (不得不……)
例句:Since the examination is around the corner,I am compelled to give up doing sports.
既然考试迫在眉睫,我不得不放弃做运动。
十九、It is conceivable that+句子 (可想而知的)
It is obvious that+句子 (明显的)
It is apparent that+句子 (显然的)
例句:It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.
可想而知,知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。
二十、That is the reason why ……(那就是……的原因)
例句:Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don't like it.
夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。
二十一、For the past + 时间,S + 现在完成式。(过去……年来,……一直……)
例句:For the past two years,I have been busy preparing for the examination.
过去两年来,我一直忙着准备考试。
二十二、Since + S + 过去式,S + 现在完成式
例句:Since he went to senior high school,he has worked very hard.
自从他上高中,他一直很用功。
二十三、It pays to + V……(……是值得的)
例句:It pays to help others.
帮助别人是值得的。
二十四、be based on (以……为基础)
例句:The progress of thee society is based on harmony.
社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。
二十五、Spare no effort to+V (不遗余力的)
例句:We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。
二十六、bring home to+人+事 (让……明白……事)
例句:We should bring home to people the valueof working hard.
我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。
二十七、be closely related to…(与……息息相关)
例句:Taking exercise is closely related to health.
做运动与健康息息相关。
二十八、Get into the habit of+Ving= make it a rule to+V (养成……的习惯)
We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.
我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
二十九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to+N/Ving,…(因为……)
例句:Thanks to his encouragement,I finally realized my dream.
因为他的鼓励,我终于实现我的梦想。
三十、What a+Adj+N+S+V!= How+Adj+a+N+V!(多么……!)
例句:What an important thing it is to keep our promise!
How important a thing it is to keep our promise!
遵守诺言是多么重要的事!
三十一、Leave much to be desired (令人不满意)
例句:The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.
我们的交通状况令人不满意。
三十二、Have a great influence on ……(对……有很大的影响)
例句:Smoking has a great influence on our health.
抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
三十三、do good to (对……有益),do harm to (对……有害)
例句:Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。
Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。
三十四、Pose a great threat to …(对……造成一大威胁)
例句:Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.
污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。
三十五、do one's utmost to+V = do one's best (尽全力去……)
例句:We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life.
我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。
7. 英语作文结构怎么写好
英语作文结构
8. 初中英语作文的结构怎么写有没有好的作文范文
一、作文做题步骤:
1 审题:审清作文体裁(类型)时态、人称等细节; 2 列提纲(文章结构框架):分几段,以及每段大体内容; 3 写作:在提纲的基础上补充要点;
4 复查:2遍——1遍看查拼写、语法、标点等问题;2遍不出声读查,靠语感检查语句是否通顺、连贯等;5 誊抄:不允许做任何的更改。 二、作文一般框架: 文章分3段:
(1)综述:概括性强,最多2句话引入主题;
(2)正文——主要内容:层次性强,一定要有过渡型连接词。最多展开3个方面,每个方面最多2句话;(3)结尾:紧扣主题,2句话内结束,尽量升华。 Beginning 开头: topic sentence 主题句----说出文中的要点、核心问题
Middle 正文 :supporting sentences支持句----用例子、实事或数据围绕主题开展叙述、讨论 Ending 结尾: concluding sentence 结论句----对全文的总结和概括。 1. Learning English
As we all know, English becomes more and more popular/ important. Many people say it’s difficult to learn English.But I don’t think so. 2. To be a volunteer for the 26th Universiade
As we all know, the 26th Universiade is coming soon. I want to be a volunteer for it. A volunteer plays an important part in the 26th Universiade. 3. A School Trip I will never forget the school trip last week. 三、正文:巧用连接词,赋予语言灵气 按事情发展的先后或时间顺序 1)Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly
2)first, then/next, after that/ next, finally
3) soon, suddenly, at that moment , as soon as, from now on, at the same time, not...until, before, after, when , while, ring 表示并列
not only... but also, both... and, either ...or, neither...nor,on the one hand…on the other hand 表示举例或补充
1)for example 2)besides / what’s more/ what’s worse 表示转折 however, but,although, instead (of) 表示原因 thanks to, because of,because 表示结果 as a result, so ,so...that, such...that, 表目的 in order to, so that
表比较 the same as, as...as..., than, of all 五、结尾画龙点睛,首尾呼应
1. 与开头呼应,再次重申自己的观点, 注意避免重复句式。 2. 结尾经典词组、句型:
At last/ Finally ... 最后In a word, ... 总而言之In short, ... 简言之 We hope that··· 我们希望Let’s try our best to ....I believe if we can..., ... will be .... What a ...! / How...! Keeping healthy
Let’s try our best to keep healthy.
In short, it’s important to have good habits and keep healthy. Helping others
I believe if we can help others, the world will be more and more beautiful. To be a green consumer [kən'sjuːmə]消费者 Let’s try our best to be a green consumer.
In one word, it’s necessary for us to protect the environment. Beijing
How beautiful Beijing is!Why not come to Beijing and enjoy yourself?
9. 如何学习英语写作中文章的整体结构性
这主要还是看你写的是什么体裁的文章,当然,现在一般都是议论文的。首先你要注意句子与句子之间的逻辑关系,比如一段话的各个句子是围绕一个主题展开的。所以在这个段落一开始你就要确定这一段到底要讲些什么,也就是说全部句子都要围绕这个中心思想展开。一个段落有它的中心思想,一整个文章自然也有它的中心思想,所以文章的中心思想也一定要很确定在写的时候思绪才不会东奔西跑。
具体讲句子的衔接的话,最重要的还是逻辑关系,而最能体现逻辑关系的莫过于连接词,比如firstly,secondly,therefore,so,however,nevertheless,in a word等等。要会懂的用连接词把自己各个句子间的逻辑关系理顺,这样写出来的文章看上去就不会零零碎碎,而会是一个整体。
需要注意的是,汉语的结构的确零散,这是由汉语的语法组成决定的,确实和英语这样注重链接的语言有很大不同,但是我相信好的汉语文章在语义的链接上和其它语言是没有什么区别的。
现在来说说具体的能提高句子间结构处理的方法,一个很有效的方法就是要把散落的句子用从句链接起来,因为好的英语文章都有大量的从句,定语从句,表语从句,同位语从句等等。写个例子:
Many students think that going to the internet cafe is not a great way.Going to the internet cafe can cost a lot of our money。
这是一个松散的句子,如果要让它看上去结构严谨的话,可以改成
Many students believe that going to the internet cafe is harmful because it is quite money-consuming.或者 Many students believe that it is not good to go to the internet cafe for it will cost us a lot of money.
总之是要用从句和并列句来代替一个一个的短句。