黑人白人種族歧視的英語閱讀理解
『壹』 白人和黑人這篇閱讀短文這是一種什麼的力量
當00:00的鍾聲敲響來的那一刻自,就意味著我們張大了一歲。「張大了,要乖哦。」曾經的話語時時在耳邊響起,那麼熟悉,而又那麼陌生。對呀,現在的我們已經不是那個總會哭泣的小孩了。成長的過程中,我們學會了許許多多的感情,親情,愛情,友情。我們懂得了如何去彌補,去挽回,也學會了如何去學會滿足,學會寬容。而這是值得我們快樂的,因為那份執著,那份僵持。成長的過程中我們也學會了許多知識,學海無涯,知識太多,我們學不完,所以便有了那份追隨,想要知道更多,想要學會更多,那也是快樂。知識時時充實我們的生活,也只有它能帶給我們不曾有過的滿足,像得到糖果的孩子那樣得滿足。我們有我們的理想,有值得我們緊握的璀璨年華,我們不曾孤單。
成長中的煩惱——你是否擁有。
『貳』 誰有關於種族歧視的英文文章
Racial discrimination,or,the color problem,refers mainly to Negroes in the United States,as they constitute one tenth of the total population.The term "Negro" is applied to people descended or partly descended from slaves transported from Africa long ago.It is now avoided by many white Americans for fear of offending their "non-white" brothers.The old term "nigger" is now considered to be insulting,and is altogether avoided in decent usage.In official statistics the term "non-white" is used,and in ordinary situations it is acceptable to call non-white people "black",although this term was once also somewhat insulting.
種族歧視或膚色問題,在美國主要指與黑人有關的問題,因為他們佔美國總人口的十分之一.尼格羅(Negro)這一詞,是指很久前從非洲運來的黑人奴隸的後裔或混血後裔.現在許多美國白種人避免使用尼格羅這一名稱,以免引起"非白種"兄弟們的不快.舊的稱呼黑崽(nigger)如今被認為是污衊黑人的用語,在正規的習慣用語中已完全摒而不用.在官方統計中用的是"非白種"一詞,在通常情況下,把非白種人稱為黑種人(black)是行得通的,雖然該詞一度也帶有幾分侮辱的意思.
Without some reference to historical back- ground,the Negro position today couldn't be understood.The black population is about 20 million.Their ancestors were brought to America as slaves in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.Nearly all their descendants were kept in legal slavery in the South until 1865.The southern states were defeated in the Civil War and were forced to abolish slavery and set the slaves free.But the southerners were determined to keep the Negroes from becoming equal in anything but constitutional law.
不掌握些歷史背景方面的材料,就無從了解黑人今天的地位問題.目前美國的黑人人口略多於三千萬,其中百分九十的人,祖先是在十七和十八世紀被作為奴隸引進美洲的.他們的後裔,直到一八六五年在美國南方還全部處於法定的奴隸地位.在南北戰爭中.南方諸州戰敗,被迫廢除奴隸制,釋放了奴隸.但是南方人決心,除了在憲法上(意思是指僅在一紙虛文上),任何方面都不讓黑人得到平等待遇.
The Federal Government has,graally compelled the white majority in the South to allow Negroes to enjoy civic rights.But legal protection has been slow to develop and has not yet solved the social problem of inequality in voting,ecation,employment and housing.
聯邦政府逐漸地迫使在南方佔多數的白人允許黑人享有公民權利.但是有關的法律保障進展緩慢,至今未能解決在選舉、教育、就業和住房方面不平等的社會問題.
The masses of the unemployed black and the mounting wrath against social injustice constitute an active volcano in society and are attracting more and more serious public concern.Those who worry about the future of the country have been seeking a way to the solution of the problem.So in 1954 ,the Supreme Court decided that the whole system of separate ecation in the South was denying the constitutional right of equal treatment to the Negroes.It ordered that the southern ecational authorities should integrate their schools for the white with the schools for the black.In 1964 President Johnson signed the Civil Rights Acts,banning discrimination in public place based upon race or color.But if the Federal Government has been making some effort for a program of providing equal ecation opportunity to all minority people,the progress has been slow and difficult.
黑人失業群眾以及社會不公平引起的日益增長的憤慨,構成了隱藏在社會里的一個活火山,愈來愈引起公眾密切的關注.擔心國家前途的人士一直在尋求解決問題的途徑.於是在一九五四年,美國最高法院裁定,南方的整個隔離教育制度違反了憲法規定的黑人享受平等待遇的權利.最高法院命令南方教育當局將黑人兒童學校與白人兒童學校合並.一九六四年,約翰遜總統簽署了民權法案,禁止在公共場所實行種族或膚色上的歧視.但是即便聯邦政府曾進行過一定的努力,來實現向所有少數民族提供教育機會均等的計劃,其進展也是緩慢而艱難的.
『叄』 白人為什麼歧視黑人的原因(英文版)
1 存在制度化的種族主義
美國種族歧視問題的存在是其制度化種族主義發展至今的必然產物。從杜魯門總統開始,美國政府便致力於黑人權利立法。到約翰遜總統執政時期,最終從法律上取消了種族主義。因而在今天的美國,雖然合法的種族歧視與隔離被取消了,但制度化的種族主義卻絲毫未減。
絕大多數黑人因膚色被剝奪了享有與白人同等待遇的權利。時至今日,「黑人應在社會底層」一類思想並非沒有市場。決策者們把解決問題的著眼點定位於改變廣大黑人的文化、行為、道德,而不是消除其窮困窘境本身。
這就是說,美國政府在制定該項政策之前,就已對黑人的文化、行為、道德作了徹底否定,這便決定了美國政府的黑人政策無法擺脫種族主義的影響。
2 相關政策埋下歧視基礎
隨著美國經濟的衰退,有色人種、特別是廣大黑人的生存條件面臨日益嚴重的威脅,種族沖突愈發激烈,種族主義更加猖獗。民主黨和共和黨在競選中令人吃驚地聯合起來,他們從各自利益出發,均把矛頭指向有色人種,特別是黑人,並由此出籠了一系列相關政策。
首先,否認黑人享有獲得政府福利救助的權利,拒絕給予黑人基本的生存保障。1996年通過的《福利法案》強行規定了需要政府救濟的黑人可得到資助的年限(一生中只有5年),解除了政府部門對其所應承擔的救助義務。
其次,減免「精英集團」(以富有的白人為主體)的納稅額,實施有種族主義傾向的經濟舉措。在廣大黑人最基本的福利待遇被大刀闊斧地砍除時,許多白人卻得到了政府的額外津貼。
3 黑人表現提供歧視口實
種族主義的存在也有黑人自身的原因,許多黑人自身的表現為政府對其實行種族歧視性政策提供了口實。
長期以來,許多黑人因得不到平等的受教育機會,沒有工作,其中一些人(特別是部分年輕人)經常會做一些「殘忍的毒品交易」,以自己的方式模仿資本主義的創業精神。在黑人聚居區,掠奪性的犯罪每時每刻都可能發生。
另外,還有一些黑人,特別是一些黑人婦女,他們習慣依賴政府的救濟生活,不思進取。
種族主義分子以此為由,把廣大黑人誣蔑為「寄生於毒品中的無業遊民」,「缺乏道德、禮貌、良心的嗜血好戰者」。由此,政府的決策者們為其制定「強硬政策」找到了「憑據」。
4 黑人斗爭的歷史還很短
美國建國200年後,才出現了馬丁·路德·金為黑人爭取權利的運動。在這個運動中,有一位黑人領袖說:自由只能用子彈才能得到。可見直到美國建國200年後,種族仇恨依然十分強烈。然而,子彈最終打進了馬丁·路德·金。因而,美國黑人要想獲得真正的平等,還必須不斷地進行頑強的抗爭。
在馬丁·路德·金的故鄉亞特蘭大,當地黑白兩個流行音樂電台的主持人想借今年2月馬丁·路德·金誕辰之機,搞一個黑白民眾的聯合音樂派對。這個提議一出,在聽眾中反響熱烈,電台熱線快被打爆。但到了舉行派對的當晚,到場的民眾中80%以上是黑人。這表明,盡管美國取消種族隔離制度已經幾十年,但多數白人和黑人還是選擇過相互隔離的生活。
The existence of an institutionalized racism
The existence of racial discrimination in the United States is the institutionalized racism has been the development of a natural proct. From the beginning of President Truman, the U.S. government will be committed to the rights of the legislative black. That President Johnson was in power, finally abolished the legal racism. And therefore in the United States today, although the legal segregation and racial discrimination have been eliminated, but the catch by institutionalized racism.
As a result of the overwhelming majority of blacks deprived of the color enjoy the same treatment as whites. Today, "should be in the black at the bottom of society" is not thinking of a class of the market. Decision-makers to focus on problem-solving orientation to the broad masses of black people to change the culture, behavior, moral, rather than the elimination of poverty of its own predicament.
This means that the U.S. government in the formulation of the policy, had on black culture, behavior, ethics, made completely negative, which will determine the U.S. government's policy of black people not out of racism.
2-discrimination policies laid the foundation
With the U.S. economic recession, people of color, especially black people's living conditions facing the growing threat of ethnic conflicts become more intense, more rampant racism. Democratic and Republican election campaign in surprising places together, from their respective interests, are to blame people of color, particularly blacks, and thus out a series of related policies.
First of all, to deny blacks access to government welfare assistance to enjoy the right to deny black people the basic guarantee of survival. In 1996 through the "Welfare Act" to require the Government for providing relief to be financed by the black life (life only 5), the lifting of the government should commit itself to its obligation to help.
Secondly, the rection of "elite group" (to the rich white as the main body) of the amount of tax, the implementation of the racist tendencies of economic initiatives. In the overwhelming majority of black people the most basic benefits to be cut down drastically, many whites have been additional government subsidy.
3, the performance of black discrimination in the provision of an excuse
The existence of racism black people have their own reasons, many black people themselves for the performance of the Government to implement its policies of racial discrimination in the provision of a pretext.
For a long time, many black people as a result of lack of equal access to ecation, no jobs, some of them (especially the part of young people) often do some "brutal drug trade" in its own way to imitate the entrepreneurial spirit of capitalism. In the black ghettos, predatory crimes occur at all times.
In addition, there are black people, in particular, a number of black women, who used to rely on government relief of life, nothing.
Elements of racism as an excuse to vilify the majority of black people as "parasites on the drug in the vagrant," and "lack of ethics, courtesy, the conscience of the bloodthirsty warmongers." As a result, the Government's decision-makers to develop its "hard-line policy" found "evidence."
4 black struggle is still very short history
Of the United States 200 years after Martin Luther King, Jr. emerged as the fight for black rights movement. In this campaign, a black leader, said: freedom can only be a bullet. Can be seen up to 200 years after the founding of the United States, racial hatred is still very strong. However, the final bullet into the Martin Luther King. As a result, African-American to be truly equal, it must be constantly carried out tenacity of the resistance.
In the hometown of Martin Luther King in Atlanta, two local black and white pop music radio host in February this year, like Martin Luther King's birthday, black and white people engaged in a joint party music. A proposal in the audience responded enthusiastically, radio hotline was quick Dabao. However, the party held in the evening, the scene of more than 80% of the population is black. This shows that despite the abolition of the apartheid system of the United States has for decades, but the majority of white and black or choose isolation over each other's lives.
這里是美國的!
『肆』 求這篇英語閱讀理解題的翻譯 准確一點基本每個詞都翻譯一下 謝謝!
星巴克,世界上最大的咖啡連鎖店,推出了一款新的商標,旨在表明公司版要超越以前的產品。
這個美國超權級品牌的新商標取消了單詞「星巴克」以及「咖啡",只用了公司的綠色中用白色展示了一隻雙尾美人魚像。星巴克公司說在未來:「有可能我們會用我們的名稱生產另一種產品,它不是咖啡」。
然而,一些商標專家批評這種改動。「我認為這很愚蠢」品牌咨詢公司「核心品牌」主管 詹姆斯 格雷戈里說,「不管怎樣——星巴克是以咖啡開始聞名的」。
星巴克已經著手開展計劃拓寬他們的產品范圍,現在開始賣冰激凌。也考慮在一些美國外賣店買啤酒和紅酒。
星巴克公司主管 霍華德 舒爾茨說:「改進商標真的很重要,這給出了一種戰略形象,不僅如此,它喚醒了我們,改變了我們的商標。」
星巴克於2008年開始轉變它的命運。在銷售疲軟中迎來了銷售突飛猛進。在2010年的前三個季度中銷售利潤比2009年翻了一番還多。
這是星巴克公司1992年在紐約交易所上市以來首次改變其標志。
『伍』 請幫我翻譯一段文字,,急求:黑人作為白人主流社會中的弱勢群體,曾遭受的種族歧視,使他們的身心遭受著
Black people, as a vulnerable group in the society composed mainly of whites, have suffered racial discrimination, causing them to be hurt both physically and mentally.
絕無復語製法錯誤!
『陸』 「黑種人」用英文怎麼說,不要用black people,那好像有種族歧視之意
1、black race,黑種人
2、African America/African French/Africans,美籍非裔/法籍非裔/非洲人
3、The blacks,黑人
其實,black people也是中性詞語,不算有歧視的行為,真正歧視的英文表達是「nigga」「nigger」「negro」。
(6)黑人白人種族歧視的英語閱讀理解擴展閱讀
1、Joanna Burden has dedicated herself to the uplift of the black race in a white-dominant society. 在一個白人主導的社會里,喬安娜·伯頓把自己的一生都奉獻給了黑人的提升事業。
2、Kwanzaa is a seven-day festival celebrating the culture and history of African America. 非裔美國人歷史悠久,文化豐富,但是寬扎節是個年輕的節日。
3、The blacks and the whites were no longer separated in the public places. 在公共場所,黑人和白人不再被分隔開來了。
『柒』 有哪些關於美國1930-1940年代黑人種族歧視的英文書
《湯姆叔叔的小屋:卑賤者的生活》(英語:Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly)
殺死一隻知更鳥
『捌』 誰有關於種族歧視的英文文章
Racial discrimination, or, the color problem, refers mainly to Negroes in the United States, as they constitute one tenth of the total population. The term "Negro" is applied to people descended or partly descended from slaves transported from Africa long ago. It is now avoided by many white Americans for fear of offending their "non-white" brothers. The old term "nigger" is now considered to be insulting, and is altogether avoided in decent usage. In official statistics the term "non-white" is used, and in ordinary situations it is acceptable to call non-white people "black", although this term was once also somewhat insulting.
種族歧視或膚色問題,在美國主要指與黑人有關的問題,因為他們佔美國總人口的十分之一。尼格羅(Negro)這一詞,是指很久前從非洲運來的黑人奴隸的後裔或混血後裔。現在許多美國白種人避免使用尼格羅這一名稱,以免引起"非白種"兄弟們的不快。舊的稱呼黑崽(nigger)如今被認為是污衊黑人的用語,在正規的習慣用語中已完全摒而不用。在官方統計中用的是"非白種"一詞,在通常情況下,把非白種人稱為黑種人(black)是行得通的,雖然該詞一度也帶有幾分侮辱的意思。
Without some reference to historical back- ground, the Negro position today couldn't be understood. The black population is about 20 million. Their ancestors were brought to America as slaves in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Nearly all their descendants were kept in legal slavery in the South until 1865. The southern states were defeated in the Civil War and were forced to abolish slavery and set the slaves free. But the southerners were determined to keep the Negroes from becoming equal in anything but constitutional law.
不掌握些歷史背景方面的材料,就無從了解黑人今天的地位問題。目前美國的黑人人口略多於三千萬,其中百分九十的人,祖先是在十七和十八世紀被作為奴隸引進美洲的。他們的後裔,直到一八六五年在美國南方還全部處於法定的奴隸地位。在南北戰爭中。南方諸州戰敗,被迫廢除奴隸制,釋放了奴隸。但是南方人決心,除了在憲法上(意思是指僅在一紙虛文上),任何方面都不讓黑人得到平等待遇。
The Federal Government has, graally compelled the white majority in the South to allow Negroes to enjoy civic rights. But legal protection has been slow to develop and has not yet solved the social problem of inequality in voting, ecation, employment and housing.
聯邦政府逐漸地迫使在南方佔多數的白人允許黑人享有公民權利。但是有關的法律保障進展緩慢,至今未能解決在選舉、教育、就業和住房方面不平等的社會問題。
The masses of the unemployed black and the mounting wrath against social injustice constitute an active volcano in society and are attracting more and more serious public concern. Those who worry about the future of the country have been seeking a way to the solution of the problem. So in 1954 , the Supreme Court decided that the whole system of separate ecation in the South was denying the constitutional right of equal treatment to the Negroes. It ordered that the southern ecational authorities should integrate their schools for the white with the schools for the black. In 1964 President Johnson signed the Civil Rights Acts, banning discrimination in public place based upon race or color. But if the Federal Government has been making some effort for a program of providing equal ecation opportunity to all minority people, the progress has been slow and difficult.
黑人失業群眾以及社會不公平引起的日益增長的憤慨,構成了隱藏在社會里的一個活火山,愈來愈引起公眾密切的關注。擔心國家前途的人士一直在尋求解決問題的途徑。於是在一九五四年,美國最高法院裁定,南方的整個隔離教育制度違反了憲法規定的黑人享受平等待遇的權利。最高法院命令南方教育當局將黑人兒童學校與白人兒童學校合並。一九六四年,約翰遜總統簽署了民權法案,禁止在公共場所實行種族或膚色上的歧視。但是即便聯邦政府曾進行過一定的努力,來實現向所有少數民族提供教育機會均等的計劃,其進展也是緩慢而艱難的。
『玖』 急求關於性別和種族歧視英語短文
We are born into an unfair world. The differences between each and single one of us are obvious. There are whites, blacks, male, female, rich and the poor. However no matter the differences, discrimination is wrong. Many countries in this world still exist prejudices for certain group of people. They feel that woman belong to a lower class than man. Blacks are inferior to whites. All these assumptions are wrong. In many areas, woman are stronger than man. In terms of sports and games, blacks are definitely stronger than whites. As long as we change these wrong perceptions, this world will become a fairer one.
『拾』 求上外版大學英語閱讀教程3 Lesson4 The Middle-Class Black's Burden 的全文翻譯,急!!!
備受煎熬的黑人中產階級 莉安尼塔。麥克萊恩 一位美國黑人婦女取得了經濟上的成功,並由此邁入中產階級的行列,黑人和白人的不同反應卻令她感到沮喪。白人認為她是不同尋常的黑人,她的成功依賴的是運氣而非才能。黑人則將她當做背叛者而拋棄她。然而,內心深處,她知道自己永遠是黑人,而且,只要有黑人受到歧視,她就不能說自己成功了。 黑人中產階級因其成功而備受煎熬,我就是其中一員。一方面,白人認為我不過是幸運曇了;另一方面,黑人則妒忌我,僧恨我。 一旦獲得了機會,能夠從事屬於白領階層的工作,和所有人一樣,黑人就會對生活抱有極大的希望,這些包括了人們常說的夢中的豪宅,兩輛汽車,接受良好的教育,還有孩子們在迪斯尼樂園度過的假期。這一事實仍會讓很多人感到震驚。實際上,相較於其他美國人,我們黑人更渴望獲得這一切,因為我們已有太久無權擁有和享受這些東西了。 同時,在通常被人們稱為貧民區的地方,仍生活有相當多的黑人同胞,他們和那些觀念陳舊的黑人好戰分子一起,總是無休止地責寫黑人中產階級,說我們「忘了本」!』指責我們拋棄了革命,背叛了本民族,變成了白心黑人—皮膚是黑色的,內心卻已被白人同化。 而事實是我們不曾忘本,我們也不敢忘本。我們只不過是奮斗在不同的陣線,也不比他們少厭倦戰爭。或許,我們還更傷心,因為我們清楚地知道黑人世界和白人世界本可以融會在一起,而這個融合在一起的世界將會更美好。 只要那些花言巧語的騙子仍無所顧忌地利用兒時的友情來作編我,我就不可能忘本2。當我懷著恐懼回到以前住過的地方,錢包被人搶走時,我不會忘本;當我享用商務午餐卻發現服務員是老同學時,我也不會忘本。我回憶起兒時一起玩洋娃娃的女孩,她現在靠福利救濟撫養五個子女;而那個住在教堂里的男孩,現在因謀殺罪而被關在監獄里;兒時的密友則因服食過量毒品被發現死在我們曾一起玩捉迷藏的小巷裡。這一切怎能令我忘本! 我的生活中充滿了不和諧。精神飽滿地從巴黎度假歸來,一星期後,我卻坐上小公共汽車行駛在熟悉的路上,去南方腹地的窮鄉僻壤參加我那年老而又糊塗的叔父的葬禮。叔父是個文盲,他生活的圈子方圓不過50英里。有時,拿著公文包在車站等車去上班時,我會碰到我阿姨和其他一些清潔女工從車上下來去給我的鄰居清掃地板。 但我從未因此感到羞愧。黑人的進步已遠遠超出我們最大的期望;我們甚至沒有抱很大希望,因此這進步委實讓我們吃驚。 然而,在我心裡,祖輩們悲慘的過去或同輩人毫無目的的生活卻離我並不遙遠3。我總擔心這樣的命運會重新落到我的頭上。我是中產階級,然而我活得並不愜意,活得並不自在。 我是成功了,但這又怎麼樣呢?種族主義仍死纏著我的同胞。在有些社區里,還有人在那些有錢又有勇氣搬入的黑人家庭的草坪上焚燒十字架以示對「劣種人」的威脅。 我們是成功了。我妹妹穿著著名服裝設計師設計的名牌服裝,卻被計程車司機送到了她所住的紊華公寓的後門,因為他僅憑她的膚色就斷定她是女傭,或是保姆廚娘之類該走後門出入的人,而絕非住在這里的哪一家的女主人。這時,我們的成功變得多麼的虛有其表啊! 我曾聆聽過移民們白手起家的故事,也聽到過那些「為什麼你們就不能和我們一樣」的簡亘指責。我符合成為美國中產階級的種種條件,但我時時感到自己不受歡迎、被成見所定格。我已經解決了衣食住行的種種問題,但我無法逃開老天的報應,那就是偏見。生活很簡單,但做一個黑人卻並非如此簡單。 每天,我都疲於向白人們展示黑人也是人。按過去的話說,我是我們種族的光榮。我是兄弟姐妹們的保護人,盡管他們中的很多人以為我拋棄了他們從而拋棄了我。 我在黑人世界和白人世界裡兩頭受氣,而雙方都是既詛咒我又祝福我。我穿梭在兩個世界中,仔細觀察,努力參與。而我也被兩個世界所利用,就像拔河比賽里的那根繩子。如果說我在那位於市中心的辦公室里是一個標志的話,那麼在我表姐的教堂茶會上我同樣也是一個標志。我的存在減輕了白人們的犯罪感,擊碎了黑人天生就不行的種種流言,也向我的父輩們證明了他們的忍耐的確是一種美德。 我在兩個世界都有所涉足,但我無法就此愚弄自己。我能看到白人公然的欺騙,也能看到黑人痛苦的無助。白人世界的生活令我感到自己的無能為力,而黑人世界的現狀則讓我感到窒息。 許多白人就因為他們是最先和新搬入他們社區的黑人談論草坪里草籽的好壞而自我欺騙地說種族關系已相當不錯。然而,在美國極少有黑人和白人將他們的孩子送入同一所學校就讀,或彼此成為朋友,互相款待時方,黑人與白人一同出去吃飯總會引人側目。我的許多同事,在星期五晚上乘坐火車離站後直到周一早上在咖啡機旁看到我這一段時間內,都不會見到任何黑人。迄今為止,我這張黑人面孔仍然是件新奇事物,令人驚異。 一些和我相熟的「開明」白人稱贊我,卻暗示像我這樣的黑人是鳳毛麟角,我能成功靠的不是才能,而完全是因為運氣好,祖輩積善行德所致。我可以生活在他們之中卻很難容忍他們這種行為。他們怎會在根本就看不起我的同胞時真正尊重我呢?而且,當他們試圖將我和我的同胞分裂開來時,如果我保持沉默,那我又怎能容忍自己的所作所為呢? 白人們不會相信我和他們間有根本差異,而黑人們也不會相信我與他們保持著根本一致。 我只需照照鏡子就知道自己是多麼忠誠於自己的種族,我亦痛苦地意識到即使穿上高檔的米黃色禮服,我也因自己的膚色而受到人們先入為主的輕視。 至於我同胞們的妒忌,我是否應該放棄自己的事業和已有的生活水準,以撫慰他們並讓自己感到良心安寧呢?不,我不能這樣做,這些都是我該得的,我辛勤工作以獲得這些享樂,盡管我從不能做到心安理得地去享受這一切。 中產階級舒適的生活無從改變我是黑人這一事實,也不會讓我忽略我的同胞們所處的悲慘境地。只要我們作為一個群體仍然被人看低,就沒人能夠從根本上改變現狀。只要有一個黑人同胞呆在貧民區里,我們大家就都在受罰;同樣,如果有哪位同胞跨越了障礙,我們就跟著一起受益。