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控制噩夢英語閱讀

發布時間: 2021-02-18 03:22:16

㈠ 關於英語閱讀課程的Questionnaire

您想幹嘛呀?來翻譯?還是自回答?

首先我想知道你以下的成績
1 大學入學考試英語___(若記不清清寫下大致分數 )
2 大英四級___(若沒有參加過請留空)
3 上一學期的英語精讀/閱讀成績--

第一部分:
1 總是/全部同意 2 經常/80%同意 3有時/50%同意 4幾乎不/20%同意 5從不/完全不同意
1 想學好英語,精讀課程是非常重要的 12345
2 你覺得背誦精讀課文對提高英語水平有好處。12345
3 除了上精度課和完成作業之外,通過讀報紙、雜志和在線文章也可以增加詞彙量。 12345
4 你的英語詞彙都是從精度課上學到的。12345
5 猜單詞或句子的意思是增長詞彙量的好辦法。12345
6 記住單詞的中文解釋是必需的。 12345
7 你傾向於通過中文翻譯來理解文章。 12345

累死了,明天再給你翻。

㈡ 05年碩士研究生入學考試英語閱讀理解試題譯文

Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as 「all too human」, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it all too monkey, as well.
The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food tardily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of 「goods and services」 than males.
Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan's and Dr. de waal's; study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.
In the world of capuchins grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers) So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber . Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to rece resentment in a female capuchin.
The researches suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions, in the wild, they are a co-operative, groupliving species, Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone, Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems form the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
人人都喜歡大幅加薪,但是當你知道一個同事薪水加得比你還要多的時候,那麼加薪帶給你的喜悅感就消失的無影無蹤了。如果他還以懶散出名的話,你甚至會變得怒不可遏。這種行為被看作是「人之長情」,其潛在的假定其他動物不可能具有如此高度發達的不公平意識。但是由喬治亞州亞特蘭大埃里莫大學的Sarah Brosnan 和Frans de Waal進行的一項研究表明,它也是「猴之常情」。這項研究成果剛剛發表在《自然》雜志上。
研究者們對雌性棕色卷尾猴的行為進行了研究。它們看起來很可愛,性格溫順,合作,樂於分享食物。最重要的是,就象女人們一樣,它們往往比雄性更關注「商品和服務」價值。這些特性使它們成為Brosnan 和 de Waal理想的研究對象。研究者們花了兩年的時間教這些猴子用代幣換取食物。正常情況下,猴子很願意用幾塊石頭換幾片黃瓜。但是,當兩個猴子被安置在隔開但相鄰的兩個房間里,能夠互相看見對方用石頭換回來什麼東西時,猴子的行為就會變的明顯不同。
在卷尾猴的世界裡,葡萄是奢侈品(比黃瓜受歡迎得多)。所以當一隻猴子用一個代幣換回一顆葡萄時,第二隻猴子就不願意用自己的代幣換回一片黃瓜。如果一隻猴子根本無需用代幣就能夠得到一顆葡萄的話,那麼另外一隻就會將代幣擲向研究人員或者扔出房間外,或者拒絕接受那片黃瓜。事實上,只要在另一房間里出現了葡萄(不管有沒有猴子吃它),都足以引起雌卷尾猴的怨恨。
研究人員指出,正如人類一樣,卷尾猴也受社會情感的影響。在野外,它們是相互合作的群居動物。只有當每隻猴子感到自己沒有受到欺騙時,這種合作才可能穩定。不公平而引起的憤怒感似乎不是人類的專利。拒絕接受較少的酬勞可以讓這些情緒准確無誤地傳達給其它成員。但是這種公平感是在卷尾猴和人類身上各自獨立演化而成,還是來自三千五百萬前他們共同的祖先,這還是一個懸而未決的問題。
Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn't know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves.
There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming. The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth's atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves. The president of the National Academy, Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the preface to the panel's report 「Science never has all the answers .But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that out nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.」
Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that it's Ok to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure. This is a dangerous game: by the 100 percent of the evidence is in, it may be too late. With the risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.
Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. But it's obvious that a majority of the president's advisers still don't take global warming seriously. Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press for more research-a classic case of 「paralysis by analysis」.
To serve as responsible stewards of the planet, we must press forward on deeper atmospheric and oceanic research But research alone is inadequate. If the Administration won't take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures .A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia, which would offer financial incentives for private instry is a promising start Many see that the country is getting ready to build lots of new power plants to meet our energy needs. If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.
還記得科學家們認為吸煙會致人死亡,而那些懷疑者們卻堅持認為我們無法對此得出定論的時候嗎?還記得懷疑者們堅持認為缺乏決定性的證據,科學也不確定的時候嗎?還記得懷疑者們堅持認為反對吸煙的游說是為了毀掉我們的生活方式,而政府應該置身事外的時候嗎?許多美國人相信了這些胡言亂語,在三十多年中,差不多有一千萬煙民早早的進了墳墓。
現在出現了與吸煙類似的令人感到難過的事情。科學家們前仆後繼,試圖使我們意識到全球氣候變暖所帶來的日益嚴重的威脅。最近的行動是由白宮召集了一批來自國家科學院的專家團,他們告訴我們,地球氣候毫無疑問正在變暖,而這個問題主要是人為造成的。明確的信息表明是我們應該立刻著手保護自己。國家科學院院長Bruce Alberts在專家團報告的前言中加上了這一重要觀點:「科學解答不了所有問題。但是科學確實為我們的未來提供了最好的指導,關鍵是我們的國家和整個的世界在做重要決策時,應該以科學能夠提供的關於人類現在的行為對未來影響最好的判斷作為依據。
就象吸煙問題一樣,來自不同領域的聲音堅持認為有關全球變暖的科學資料還不完整。在我們證實這件事之前可以向大氣中不斷的排放氣體。這是一個危險的游戲;到了有百分之百的證據的時候,可能就太晚了。隨著風險越來越明顯,並且不斷增加,一個謹慎的民族現在應該准備一份保單了。
幸運的是,白宮開始關注這件事了。但是顯然大多數總統顧問並沒有認真看待全球氣候變暖這個問題。他們沒有出台行動計劃,相反只是繼續迫切要求進行更多的研究――這是一個經典的「分析導致麻痹案例」。
為了成為地球上有責任心的一員,我們必須積極推進對於大氣和海洋的深入研究。但只有研究是不夠的。如果政府不爭取立法上的主動權,國會就應該幫助政府開始採取保護措施。弗吉尼亞的民主黨議員Robert Byrd提出一項議案,從經濟上激勵私企,就是一個良好的開端。許多人看到這個國家正准備修建許多新的發電廠,以滿足我們的能源需求。如果我們准備保護大氣,關鍵要讓這些新發電廠對環境無害。
Of all the components of a good night's sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and rears, by the late 1970s. neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just 「mental noise」 the random byprocts of the neural-repair work that goes on ring sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind's emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is 「off-line」. And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better. 「It's your dream」 says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago's Medical Center. 「If you don't like it , change it.」
Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain is as active ring REM (rapid eye movement) sleep-when most vivid dreams occur-as it is when fully awake, says Dr, Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved, the limbic system (the 「emotional brain」)is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet. 「We wake up from dreams happy of depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day」 says Stanford sleep researcher Dr, William Dement.
The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright』s clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated ring the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don』t always think about the emotional significance of the day』s events-until, it appears, we begin to dream.
And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end instead, the next time is occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.
At the end of the day, there's probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping of 「we wake u in a panic,」 Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people's anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep-or rather dream-on it and you'll feel better in the morning.
在高質量睡眠的所有因素中,夢似乎是最無法控制的一個。在夢中,窗戶通向的世界裡,邏輯暫時失去了效用,死人開口說話。一個世紀前,弗洛伊德闡述了革命性的理論,即夢是人們潛意識中慾望和恐懼經偽裝後的預示;到了20世紀70年代末期,神經病學家們轉而認為夢是「精神噪音」,即睡眠時進行的神經修復活動的一種雜亂的副產品。目前,研究人員猜想夢是大腦情感自動調節系統的組成部分,當大腦處於「掉線」狀態時對情緒進行規整。一名主要的權威人士說,夢這種異常強烈的精神活動不僅能被駕馭,事實上還可以有意識地加以控制,以幫助我們更好地睡眠和感覺。芝加哥醫療中心心裡學系主任 Rosalind Cartwright說「夢是你自己的,如果你不喜歡,就改變它。」
大腦造影的證據支持了以上觀點。匹茲堡大學的埃里克博士說,在出現清晰夢境的快速動眼睡眠中大腦和完全清醒時一樣活躍。但並非大腦的所有部分都一樣,腦邊緣系統(「情緒大腦」)異常活躍,而前額皮層(思維和推理的中心地帶)則相對平靜大。斯坦福睡眠研究員William Dement博士說:「我們從夢中醒來,或者高興或者沮喪,這些情緒會伴隨我們一整天。」
夢和情緒之間的聯系在Cartwright的診所的病人身上顯露出來了。多數人似乎在晚上入睡的較早階段做更多不好的夢,而在快睡醒前會逐漸做開心一些的夢,這說明人們在夢里漸漸克服了白天的不良情緒。因為清醒時我們的頭腦被日常瑣事占據著,所以並不總是想到白天發生的事情對我們情緒的影響,直到我們開始做夢,這種影響才出現。
這一過程不一定是無意識的。Cartwright認為人們可以練習有意識地控制噩夢的重演。你一醒來就立刻確定夢中有什麼在困擾你,設想一下你所希望的夢的結局,下次再做同樣的夢時,試圖醒來以控制它的進程。通過多次練習,人們完全可以學會在夢中這樣做。
Cartwright說,說到底,只要夢不使我們無法睡眠或「從夢中驚醒」,就沒有理由太在意所做的夢。恐怖主義、經濟不確定及通常的不安全感都增加了人們的焦慮。那些長期受到噩夢折磨的人應該尋求專家幫助,而對其他人來說,大腦有自動消除不良情緒的方法。安心睡覺甚至做夢,早上醒來時你會感覺好多了。
American no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing:The Degradation of language and Music and why we should like, care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.
Blaming the permissive 1960s is nothing new, but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in ecation. Mr.McWhorter』s academic speciality is language history and change, and he sees the graal disappearance of 「whom」 ,for example, to be natural and no more regranttable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.
But the cult of the authentic and the personal, 「doing our own thing」, has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly ecated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft.
Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle, why we should, like care. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive-there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas .He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.
Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical ecation reforms-he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. We now take our English 「on paper plates instead of china」. A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.
美國人已不再期待公眾人物在演講或寫作中能運用技巧和文采來駕馭英語,而公眾人物自己也不渴望這樣。語言學家麥荷特喜好爭論,他的觀點混雜著自由派與保守派的看法。在他最近的書《做我們自己的事:語言和音樂的退化,以及為什麼我們應該喜歡或在意?》中,這位學者認為60年代反文化運動的勝利要對正式英語的退化負責。
責備放縱的六十年代不是什麼新鮮事,但這次算不上是對教育衰落的又一場批判。麥荷特先生的學術專長在於語言史和語言演變。舉例來說,他認為「whom」一詞的逐漸消失是自然的,並不比古英語中詞格尾綴的消失更讓人惋惜。
然而,「做自己的事」這一對事務真實性和個人性的崇高信條,已經導致了正式演講、寫作、詩歌及音樂的消亡。在20世紀60年代以前,僅受過一般教育的人在下筆時都會尋求一種更高雅的強調;而那之後,即使是最受關注的文章也開始逮住口語就寫在紙面上。同樣的,對於詩歌來說,非常個性化和富有表現力的創作風格成為了能夠表達真實生動含義的唯一形式。無論作為口語還是書面語的英語,隨意言談勝過雅緻的言辭,自我發揮也壓過了精心准備。
麥荷特顯示先生從上層和下層文化中列舉了一系列有趣的例子,從而說明他記錄的這種趨勢是確鑿無誤的。但就書中副標題中的疑問:為什麼我們應該、喜歡或在意,答案卻不夠明確。作為語言學家,麥荷特認為各種各樣的人類語言,包括像黑人語言這樣的非標准語言,都具有強大的表達力――世上沒有傳達不了復雜思想的語言或方言。不像其他大多數人,麥荷特先生並不認為我們說話方式不再規范就會使我們不能夠准確的思考。
俄羅斯人深愛自己的語言,並在腦海中存儲了大量詩歌;而義大利的政客們往往精心准備演講,即使這在大多數講英語的人們眼裡已經過時。麥荷特先生認為正式語言並非不可或缺,也沒有提出要進行徹底的教育改革――他其實只是為那些美好事務而不是實用品的消逝而哀嘆。我們現在用「紙盤子」而非「瓷盤子」裝著我們的英語大餐。真是慚愧啊,但很可能已無法避免。

㈢ 求考研英語閱讀「正確答案」五大特徵,輕松搞定40分閱讀理解 請發到我的郵箱[email protected],謝謝~別發錯

特別同意LZ的觀點,詞彙是磚,語法是道,閱讀是魂!我也是今年考研的,感謝你的問題。拷貝原文答案如下,最後三點沒有明確說明,但是都在:

這是名牌大學(全國排名前20)的「內部資料」 ,很多同學覺得比較實用,現在奉獻出來,或許對你有些幫助。
考研英語「正確答案」五大特徵,輕松搞定40分閱讀理解

首先,我們得逞清一個認識,考研閱讀考察的都是些什麼文章。記敘類文章肯定沒有,因為記敘文的命題深淺不好把握。這么多年來,還從來沒有從哈里波特或者廊橋遺夢等西方小說中選一段來考大家。

現在的問題是有人居然說考研英語多考說明文,實在不知道這些人有沒有一點文學常識,我們把從99到08年的10年考研閱讀理解的文章做了一個分類:99-08年10年間共考了43篇文章,我們可以按照提出一種觀點,揭示一種現象的原因和影響,介紹社會對於某個事務的反應,提出一種新的研究結論,書評,對某個主題分觀點論述型,分為六類。

提出一種觀點,比如06年第一篇,美國社會總體上是和諧的。第四篇,應該正確的看待藝術與幸福的關系。

揭示一種現象的原因和影響,如06年的第二篇。莎士比亞的故鄉斯特拉福鎮兩個產業上的爭論,00年的第一篇。美國經濟的轉折及其影響。

介紹公眾對於某個事務的反映,如04年的第三篇各方對美國經濟減緩的反應。97年的第一篇,各方對安樂死法案通過的態度。

提出一種新的研究結論型。如06年的第三篇,一個新的研究結論;漁場中的大型食肉類動物正在迅速減少。05年的第一篇,一個新的研究結論:猴子同樣會反對不公平。

書評型。如05年的第四篇,書評--正式英語的衰落是必然的。96年的第五篇。關於一本反對神創論的書。

對某個主題分觀點型。如02年的第一篇,如何進行幽默,2001年第三篇,新聞媒體失去公信力的原因。

我們可以看到,無論是提出一種觀點,提出一種新的研究結論還是介紹公眾對於某個現象的反映還是書評,這些文章有一個總體的特徵就是:不只是對事物加以簡單的描述,而要通過描述表達某種或者某些觀點,看法和態度。因此這些都可以歸結為大類的議論文。

從測試學的角度來說,閱讀理解試題無非就是考察我們的閱讀理解能力,而閱讀理解能力就是提取有效信息的能力,所以閱讀理解題目的設計無論怎麼千變萬化,最根本的目的就是在考察我們能否把文章的有效信息找出來,而我們知道,議論文的有效信息就是文中表達的觀點,論點,主論點,分論點以及作者的感情傾向和態度,這些就是考研命題的出題點所在。

說到這兒,有些同學可能感覺有些疑惑,說,不對吧,我怎麼感覺考研閱讀考得都是細節性具體的東西呢?這些同學其實一般是中了下面兩種毒害導致產生判斷失誤:

第一,應付四六級給大家留下的心理定勢。四六級英語閱讀考試考查的重點是考生定位查找具體信息的能力,而考研則更側重於綜合歸納抽象能力的考查,因為畢竟研究生是國家高水平研究得主要群體,所以,研究生入學考試的考察水平不會那麼低端。第二個原因,就是這些同學沒有認真地研究真題,受大量的模擬試題的毒害。對於市面上充斥著的大量的題集,出於對大家負責,我想說一句,真正有水平的不多,絕大多數都是在拼湊,即使真的有水平也實在難以達到考研真題的高度和命題的思路,你如果真正從這些拼湊的某某某多少篇中找出規律來,反而是一件很恐怖的事情。

請考研戰士們記住,考研英語閱讀理解的規律有,但是規律要從歷年的考研真題中去找。這樣分析下來,大多數的考研閱讀試題中,正確的選項其實就是文章中觀點、論點、主論點和分論點態度等有效信息的直接表達或者變形表達。

經過我們的長期研究,這類觀點性有效信息的表達與記敘文、說明文的有效信息相比有自己的特徵。我們發現考研英語閱讀理解的「正確答案」有五個特徵,下面通過歷年的考研英語真題來簡要介紹我們的方法。

特徵一:表述上不能太絕對要留有餘地四平八穩,不能帶有過於強烈的感情色彩和傾向。一個表述上極端的論點是站不住腳的,很容易受到攻擊。對不對?所以文中作者的論點、觀點,以及正確答案具備的一個特徵是「語氣比較委婉」。

重點提示:僅僅記住「may」這個單詞,你將輕松多拿4—6分。

34. Cartwright seems to suggest that______. (2005年考研真題)

凱特似乎在暗示:

[A] waking up in time is essential to the ridding of bad dreams

及時醒來對於控制噩夢非常重要

[B] visualizing bad dreams helps bring them under control

想像噩夢對控制噩夢有幫助

[C] dreams should be left to their natural progression.

夢應該被自然推進

[D] dreaming may not entirely belong to the unconscious

夢可能並不完全是無意識的

我們來看,ABCD四個選項中哪個語氣更為委婉?

A及時醒來對於控制噩夢非常重要。

B想像噩夢對控制噩夢有幫助。

C夢應該被自然推進。

D夢可能並不完全是無意識的。

是不是D呢? 答案選D。

27. What can be inferred about intelligence testing from Paragraph 3? (2007年考研真題)

從第三段我們可以推斷下列哪個與智力測驗有關?

[A] People no longer use IQ scores as an indicator of intelligence.

人們不再把智商得分用做智力指標

[B] More versions of IQ tests are now available on the Internet.

現在可以從網際網路上獲得更多的智力測驗版本

[C] The test contents and formats for alts and children may be different.

成人和兒童的測試內容和版本可能不一樣

[D] Scientists have defined the important elements of human intelligence.

科學家已經定義出人類智力的重要元素

選哪個?

恭喜你答對了,當然是選C。may使得語氣更加委婉柔和,答案直接指向C。通常情況下帶有may的選項一般為正確答案。

同樣是2007年考研真題的第29題

29. We can conclude from the last paragraph that______. (2007年考研真題)

從最後一段我們可以總結出

[A] test scores may not be reliable indicators of one』s ability.

測試成績可能在顯示一個人的能力方面並不可靠

[B] IQ scores and SAT results are highly correlated.

智商得分與SAT成績密切相關

[C] testing involves a lot of guesswork.

測試涉及大量的猜測

[D] traditional tests are out of date.

傳統測試已經過時

看到may,當然直接選A。而正確答案就是A。

有的同學會說,不是所有的題目都是這樣的吧?當然不是,經過我們的統計,每年這樣的題幾乎都有2—3道。其餘的17道題,需要藉助其餘「四大特徵」分析。

重點提示:每個題目2分,僅此一個特徵,你將輕松得到這4分。在考場上節省了寶貴的時間。

特徵二:表述上必須具有相對的抽象性、概括性、宏觀性。因為研究生考試更側重於考察學生對事物的抽象思維和概括能力,所以考題的設置也體現了這個特點。

51. By 「Ellen Spero isn』t biting her nails just yet」 (Line 1, Paragraph 1), the author means ________.

作者提到艾倫還不至於咬她的手指甲,意思是 (2004年考研真題)

[A] Spero can hardly maintain her business

艾倫很難維持她的生意

[B] Spero is too much engaged in her work

艾倫對工作太投入了

[C] Spero has grown out of her bad habit

艾倫已經戒掉了壞習慣(D)

[D] Spero is not in a desperate situation

艾倫不再處於一個絕望的處境之中

C是對字面意思的講解,不具備抽象性,首先排除C;AB談論的是生意和工作,都是艾倫生活中某一個方面的具體問題,而D艾倫不再處於一個絕望的處境之中,則是對艾倫整個生活狀態的一個更為宏觀的概括,明顯比AB更為概括、宏觀。符合我們說的正確選項的表述要更概括、宏觀的特點,正確答案恰恰是選D。

26. An argument made by supporters of smoking was that ________. (2005年考研真題)

吸煙支持者的一個觀點是

[A] there was no scientific evidence of the correlation between smoking and death

吸煙和死亡之間沒有科學聯系

[B] the number of early deaths of smokers in the past decades was insignificant

過去幾十年中因吸煙而過早死亡的人數並不大

[C] people had the freedom to choose their own way of life

人們有選擇自己生活方式的自由

[D] antismoking people were usually talking nonsense

反對吸煙的人們通常都是一派胡言

A吸煙和死亡之間沒有科學聯系,B過去幾十年中因吸煙而過早死亡的人數並不大,D反對吸煙的人們通常都是一派胡言,分別說的是一些具體事實和評價;而C人們有選擇自己生活方式的自由,則是在人生觀的層面上的觀點,顯然比其他三個抽象。答案選C。

因為研究生屬於一個國家高水平的研究團體,需要對事物有宏觀把握的能力,所以考研英語文章中的觀點、考題也體現了這個特點。

而考研之所以考政治,也是為了讓同學們對國家的政策有所了解,對我國未來50年的發展方向有深刻的認識,具有對全社會、全局一個宏觀的把握。因為研究生教育培養的是一個國家未來的高端人才、高層管理者。

其餘「正確答案的三大特徵」,更精彩,更實用。

作為考研這種關乎百萬人命運、幾千萬人關注的特大型考試的命題者,他們有一個最根本的心理底線:就是在保證試題具有足夠的迷惑性以區分良莠的同時,又要盡量避免爭議。保證迷惑就是要製造錯覺,比如他往往把一些錯誤選項寫得非常正確或者非常復雜,而把答案寫的很簡單來誘惑你上鉤,製造錯覺。從另一個方面來講,要想避免爭議就得使正確選項與非正確選項之間有著相當的區別度,前者是要實現考試的目的,後者是出於自我保護的目的。否則一旦題目出現爭議,一個人一口唾沫就能把命題者淹死。所以,命題人的日子並不好過,很多時候是在凌空走鋼絲,偏左不行,偏右也不行。而一個人一旦出現自我保護的意識,那就意味著他存在容易被別人攻擊的缺陷。

同樣,命題者在命題上同樣存在著一些致命的命脈。

從根本上說,正確選項和非正確的所有的區別都必須在文章之中找到支撐,但是很多時候僅僅依靠文章是不夠的。因為我們知道,考研閱讀所選用的文章是議論文,議論性文章關注的內容本身往往就具有較大的爭議性,並且議論性文章帶有很強的主觀色彩。對同一篇文章,不同的人讀過往往會有不同的見解。所以,單靠文章來區別正確選項與錯誤選項並不充分,很多時候是危險的。所以在依託文章內容區別選項的同時,其實命題者還在選項本身的表述和設置上做了一些區分。這就是命題者的命脈所在,也是我們一招制勝的法寶。

經過對近十年考研英語閱讀試題的長期分析,我們發現出命題者常用五種區分方法來命制選項,我們對此總結出了「五大特徵」,來幫助大家挑選正確選項。

我們敢保證,你如果對上面講的能夠領悟的比較好的話,考場上有些閱讀理解題目可以很輕松的就能夠把答案找出來。

當然,這套方法只是給你提供一種思路和一個備用的手段。平時大家還是要注重打牢基礎,在研究真題時有意識的訓練一下思路就行。

考場上當正常的手段窮盡之後,就可以用這個。比如,這篇文章你讀不懂或者根本沒有時間去讀了,你說怎麼辦,那就用這最後的保命招數,這總比猜硬幣抓鬮好吧。當然,我們並不反對你猜硬幣抓鬮,但是建議你先推斷一下再扔。
通常情況下,你還可以把這些技巧當成一個檢驗你的答案、排除錯誤選項的依據。如果在考試中你既能讀懂文章的大意,又能領悟這套方法,那麼英語閱讀理解就根本不用擔心了。
直接從選項中入手研究解題方法,著名的王若平老師曾經作了一些開創性的工作,對正確選項的特徵作了一定的歸納,但是缺乏理論上的支撐和程序上的保障。現在隨著這套方法的提出,這個問題可以說已經解決了。

這套方法是我們多年來教學經驗的總結,也是對日益苛刻的英語命題趨勢的一種反抗。作為我們老師本身來說,其實是不喜歡這種純粹技巧性的東西的,但是實在沒有辦法,看到身邊很多好學生付出了那麼多的努力,但是因為英語差了一兩分就被拒之門外,真的感到很可惜。

對於考研英語這種限定性的考試來說,它的命題都是有規律可循的,閱讀是這樣,完型、翻譯、新題型、作文同樣有一整套的出題套路和應對方法。

㈣ 兩篇英語閱讀理解,英語大神請進。高中

你自己也說了百分之七十單詞不認識,那就趕緊背單詞去,如果一篇文章裡面大多數都是你回不懂的答字,你語法再好有什麼用?另外,你也只是知道高中的基本語法,很多語法點肯定都忘了,英語語法大多數都是高中學的,大學其實沒有學多少,別看不起高中語法,只要是你不會的,就算是小學學的對你而言都是困難的。英語二的確比英語一略微簡單,但是這種簡單是對於英語有一定基礎的同學而言的,對於你而言,你現在應該先從英語的基礎知識方面入手,背單詞,攻克長難句,然後才是做真題,現在開始還來得及,當你開始做真題的時候,你要記住,一套真題不是你做完了對完答案就算做完了,要做到每一篇文章沒有一個單詞不認識,沒有一個句型不認識,沒有一道題不會做,這才叫弄懂一套真題。如果單詞背不下去,語法學不進去,那你只能自己解決這些問題,畢竟是你要考研,不是別人,這點苦都吃不了,那還考什麼研呢,直接上班日子不是舒服點嗎

㈤ 英語閱讀(幫我找一下這篇文章)

I love nature and I am very concerned (擔憂的) a lot of people are polluting the Earth without realizing it. Pollution is made when somebody puts harmful things into the air, water or land. People should not pollute. When people pollute it hurts the people, the animal and the plant.
When people put chemicals into the land, they go into our soil and into our water. When peo¬ple and animals drink the water it makes them sick. They may not realize it right away but finally they feel it. When chemicals get into the ground it affects the whole food chain (食物鏈)—The in¬sect, the animal, the plant and the people are affected.
When people cut down trees they rece the amount (數量)of oxygen (氧氣)and they take a- way homes for animals. Most people don』t realize how cutting down trees hurts people and animals.
If I could make laws, no one could put garbage into the water or on the land and all cars would run on fuel(燃料)made from beans. When I grow up, I want to live on a clean earth with lots of tall trees full of animals. Please don』t pollute.
71. How are people polluting the earth acccrding to the paaaage?
__________________________________________________________
72. The underlined phrase 「hannful things" include two things in the passage.
They are ¬¬¬¬_______________________.
73. How are the people affected?[
___________________________________________________________
74. Trans late the underlined sentence Most people don』t realize how cutting down trees hurts people and animals.
____________________________________________________________
75. What is a good earth like for the writer?
____________________________________________________________

㈥ 求老師翻譯這篇英語閱讀。答案是什麼。解析一下 我們班錯誤率很高 Doctors have know

個人感覺應該選 B.one may become deaf when he hears a loud noise.

Doctors have known for a long time that extremely loud noises can cause hearing damage or loss.

醫生們對極大聲的噪音能引起聽覺損傷和失聰這件事已經知道很久了!

A的選項應該跟阿司匹林有關,因為第二段中說 An American scientist has found that using aspirin (阿斯匹林) increase the temporary (暫時的)hearing loss or damage from loud noise.

一個美國科學家已經發現使用阿司匹林會增加大噪音引起的暫時性的聽覺缺失或聽覺損傷的概率
C.loud noises can cause damage to the hearing of the young people only
文中並沒有提到這一點 噪音只對年輕人造成聽力損傷或聽力缺失。
D.common sounds at home are not harmful to the ear在家中常見的聲音不會傷害到耳朵。
這句話是不正確的,文中第一段第一句extremely loud noises can cause hearing damage or loss.說噪音會傷害聽力,The noise can be the sound of a jet airplane or machines in factories of loud music or other common sound at home and at work.
第二句說噪音可以是噴氣式飛機的聲音或者是工廠中機器的聲音,可以是其他在家或者工作時常見的聲音。所以只要是大聲的噪音對聽力都是有傷害的,不管是哪一種噪音都有傷害!

㈦ 翻譯一篇英語閱讀。回答立即採納,我覺得這篇寫的非常好。不要用軟體翻譯。

在早上,我們一直都在霧里開車,但現在霧正散去。小海邊的村莊一一逐漸現在眼前。「這就是我奶奶的房子」,我說,指著海灣對岸的一間破舊老房子。
我和孫女Lise來到新斯科舍省旅行,她來尋根,我來尋回寶貴的回憶。Lise是個居無定所的孩子,童年時老是搬房子。她渴望有一種回家的感覺,所以我們來到新斯科舍省,我和丈夫出生的地方,我們的祖先在這里生活了200年。
不久,我們把車停在房子旁,我告訴她在這里的往昔的模樣,追溯回憶,沖沖如潮水。
突然,我想在房子里走走,我的童年時代曾經是這么光榮燦爛。它仍然屬於家族裡的一員的,但好一段時間沒有人住了。我們進不了房子,但我仍然可以在房間外牆走走。在這里,我媽靠著她卧室的窗戶坐著,寫她的日記。我仍然可以看到熱情的家庭,從家門里進進出出。跟他們在一起,我永遠都呆得不夠。但是,這已是童年時代很久以後的事。Lisa傾聽著我說的,然後說:「那,這是我的根;我所屬的地方。」
她找到了她的根。知道自己來自哪裡是人心的最大憧憬之一。有根就是「有原居地」。我們需要那源頭。回頭看,我們會發現什麼對我們來說是獨特的;了解「我」的含義。我們所有人都必須回家,在現實中或在記憶里。

~~~~~~~~~純人手翻譯,歡迎採納~~~~~~~~~

原文如下:
We have been driving in fog all morning, but the fog is lifting now. The little seaside villages are appearing, one by one. "There is my grandmother's house," I say, pointing across the bay to a shabby old house.
I am in Nova Scotia on a journey with Lise, my granddaughter, searching for roots for her, recall valuable memory for me. Lise was one of the mobile children, moving from house to house in childhood. She longs for a sense of home, and so we have come to Nova Scotia where my husband and I were born and where our ancestors lived for 200 years.
We soon pulled up by the house and I tell her what it was like here, the memories rushing back, swift as the tide.
Suddenly, I want to walk again in the house where I was once so gloriously a child. It still belongs to a member of the family, but has not been lived in for a while. We cannot go into the house, but I can still walk through the rooms in memory. Here, my mother was seated by her bedroom window and wrote in her diary. I can still see the enthusiastic family pouring into and out of the house. I could never have enough of being with them. However, that was long after those childhood days. Lise listens attentively as I talk and then says, " So this is where I began; where I belong. "
She has found her roots. To know where I come from is one of the great longings of the human heart. To be rooted is "to have an origin". We need that origin. Looking backward, we discover what is unique in us; learn the meaning of "I". We must all go home again—in reality or memory.

㈧ 求大神幫看一篇英語閱讀

整篇文章的大致意思是這樣的:
自第二次世界大戰以來,有一個明顯的趨勢,尤其是在越來越多的大學生群體,走向早期的婚姻。許多年輕人開始約會在青春期的第一階段,「穩定」,通過高中,結婚之前,他們的正式教育已經完成。在一些地方,有大震動的老齡化鎖著,中年人在「任性的方式」。然而,情感的成熟是不偏待生日;它不會自動到來在二十一或二零五。有些人做到這一點令人驚訝的早,而其他人從來沒有這樣做,即使在三分年和十。
許多學生結婚是為了逃避,不能只從一個令人滿意的家庭生活,但也從自己的個人問題的孤立和孤獨。它幾乎可以放下一個格言:任何婚姻作為一種逃避不能證明完全成功。可悲的事實是,婚姻很少能解決的問題;更多的時候,它只是強調他們。此外,這家機構是否能夠承載所有年輕人尋求投入是值得懷疑的;有人可能會說,在神學方面,他們離棄偶像崇拜的另一個。年輕人正確理解他們的父母都認為,「成功」是最終的好的錯誤,但他們錯誤地認為自己已經找到了真正的中心生活的意義。他們對婚姻的期望基本上是烏托邦式的,因此無法實現。他們想要的太多,和悲劇性的幻滅是必然。
我們,然後加入,「在早期的幾次婚姻不幸的「合唱?一個人不能概括:所有早期的婚姻都是不壞的,所有後來的人都是好的。令人滿意的婚姻不是由時間決定的,而是由伴侶的情感上的成熟決定的。因此,每一種情況都必須根據自己的優點來判斷。如果早期的婚姻是不是一個逃避,如果它是與相對較少的幻想或虛假的期望,如果它是在經濟上可行的,為什麼不呢?好的婚姻可以由十六到六十,所以可以不好的婚姻。
選擇題答案分析:
第六題題目意思tend to marry early for the following reasons except that
傾向於結婚早有以下的原因,除了
they begin dating at an early age
他們在一個早期就開始約會
they want to get rid of loneliness
他們想擺脫孤獨
they become physically mature early
他們在身體上變得成熟早
they achieve emotional maturity early
他們實現情感成熟早
A.正確,因為文中提到Many youths begin dating in the first stages of adolescence故正確
B.正確,因為文中提到Many students are marrying as an escape, not only from an unsatisfying home life, but also from their own personal problems of isolation and loneliness.故也正確
C.錯誤,文中提到Since World War II, there has been a clearly discernible trend, especially among the growing group of college students, toward early marriage. 故錯誤
D.正確,文中提到Satisfactory marriages are determined not by chronology, but by the emotional maturity of the partners.故正確。
第七題題目意思是:
according to the passage,which of the following statements about marriages is true
根據這篇文章,下面關於婚姻的陳述是真的
marriages should become the center of one's life
婚姻應該成為一個人的生活的中心
marriages can only solve the problem of loneliness
婚姻只能解決孤獨的問題
marriages can seldom solve pelple's personal prombles
婚姻很少能解決人們的個人問題
marriages are not as important as success to the young
婚姻不像年輕人的成功一樣重要
A.錯誤。文中提到Young people correctly understand that their parents are wrong in believing that" success" is the ultimate good, but they erroneously believe that they themselves have found the true center of life's meaning. 所以錯誤的
B.錯誤,can only用錯了
C.正確。文中提到The sad fact is that marriage seldom solves one's problems; more often, it merely accentuates them. 故正確
D.錯誤,文中提到Furthermore, it is doubtful whether the home as an institution is capable of carrying all that the young are seeking to put into it; one might say in theological terms, that they are forsaking one idol only to worship another. Young people correctly understand that their parents are wrong in believing that" success" is the ultimate good。故錯誤

選擇題答案:6-——10
CCABA

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