高中英語應用文閱讀題

① 高中英語閱讀理解題有多少種題材

閱讀理解的復文章體裁多樣，包括記制敘文、說明文、應用文等；題材廣泛，涉及政治經濟、社會文化、風俗習慣、歷史、地理與科學技術等各個方面。一些與日常生活關系密切的圖表、表格和廣告類，如火車或飛機的時刻表、電視節目表、課表、活動日程表、各種情況的比例圖、事物發展變化（增減）圖、各類標志圖、廣告等實用類文體。 判斷就簡單啦，跟語文差不多。

② 高考英語閱讀理解應用文和說明文有哪些區別

閱讀理解的文章體裁多樣，包括記敘文、說明文、應用文等；題材廣泛，內涉及政治經濟、社會文化、風俗容習慣、歷史、地理與科學技術等各個方面。一些與日常生活關系密切的圖表、表格和廣告類，如火車或飛機的時刻表、電視節目表、課表、活動日程表、各種情況的比例圖、事物發展變化（增減）圖、各類標志圖、廣告等實用類文體。 判斷就簡單啦，跟語文差不多。

③ 高中英語閱讀理解題解題技巧

我是剛剛抄高考完的~襲一般閱讀不會怎麼錯~我覺得吧，先要回到文中議論即解釋深刻主旨的段落中去，找到主旨句，然後在選項中選擇與之最為接近的選項，或者另一類記敘文的閱讀中BEST TITLE 是文章的線索人物或事物。實在讀不懂文章，就選表意最深層的選項。願對您英語閱讀有所幫助

④ 高考英語的應用文寫作都有哪些題型啊

英語學科的應復用文題型大概制就是：建議信、邀請信、申請信、通知這四類，首先你需要先完全掌握他們的基礎格式和要點，然後再利用自己的詞彙去完成它。詳細內容請參考《中國高考報告藍皮書 英語試題分析》，裡面有非常詳細的說明，還有樣題分析和典題預測，希望能幫到你

⑤ 英語高二閱讀怎麼做題

高二英語: 高二英語:高考英語閱讀理解解題策略和技巧 一, 題型解讀 從英語科《考試大綱》對考生閱讀理解能力測試的要求看,高考英語閱讀理解的命題思路突 出"得體地使用英語的能力;用英語獲取和處理信息的能力;用英語分析問題和解決問題的能力以 及批判性思維的能力". 按體裁劃分,英語的閱讀理解文章可分為記敘文,應用文,說明文和議論文,其中記敘文包括 新聞報道,人物傳記等,應用文包括廣告,通知,申請書,圖表文章等,說明文中科普類文章在 高考試題中出現的比較頻繁,議論文包括文化,歷史,教育,文學,還有社科類題材. 1.記敘文 記敘文 記敘文多以人物為中心,以時間或空間為線索,按事件的發生,發展和結局展開敘述.記敘文 的閱讀要注意: 1)注重對人物和事件的分析.了解記敘文的六要素,即時間,地點,人物,事件的起因,發展 和結果,從整體上把握文章的內容 2)理清文章的線索.記敘文都有一個貫穿全文的線索,以人物,事件,行蹤為線索,或以人物 的思想感情變化為線索.分析線索有利於把握文章的行文思路和文章的結構 3)弄清文章的記敘順序 4)分析各種描寫的方法並理解不同方法對不同主題的表達作用 5)注意分析記敘文中的議論和抒情文字 2.議論文 議論文 議論文是高考英語閱讀理解中必考的體裁,文章內容涉及人文類題材,如文化,歷史,教育, 風俗習慣,以及社會科學類,如社會學,心理學,經濟學,以及自然科學 ,生命科學等.在做這 類閱讀理解試題時要注意把握文章的論點,論據和論證.議論文的文章一般來說有一定的難度, 試題多為觀點辨認題,推理判斷題,寫作宗旨題和細節理解題,解題時要立足語篇,尋找與試題 有關的關鍵詞句,把握文章的內涵,不能主觀臆斷或憑空想像,更不能以自己的觀點代替作者的 觀點. 3.應用文 應用文 高考英語閱讀理解的內容更生活化,信息化,時代化,較多涉及廣告等應用文體.應用文是貼 近生活的文體,包括廣告,通知,申請書,圖表文章等,形式多樣,題材各異,是英語閱讀理解 中出現得較多的文體.從近年的高考英語閱讀理解試題看,應用文的題材出現的比較多,比如學 術活動安排,大學介紹,旅遊觀光全品等. 廣告文章的閱讀一般可採用跳讀,略讀等快速閱讀方法,快速瀏覽信息,先了解文章的大致結 構內容,再看試題,帶著問題在文章中搜尋相關信息;做此類閱讀理解時,是先看試題還是先看 文章應視個人的閱讀習慣和具體語篇而定,但廣告文章比較長,不必記住所有信息,而要抓住文 章的主要線索,再看試題,帶著試題的問題到相關信息處尋找答案. 新聞報道與科普文 4.新聞報道與科普文 新聞報道的文章在高考試卷閱讀理解中佔有一定的比例,文章短,句子結構比較復雜,要注意 正確理解文章的含義. 科普類文章包括太空與海洋,環境保護,發明創造,動物世界等,是高考英語閱讀中必不可少 的體裁,一般來好所科普類文章的特點為: 1)結構嚴謹,邏輯性強,文章有明確的主題,論證主題的事實以及清晰的文章結構,一般由導 入,背景,主體和結尾這幾個部分,主題局出現在文章的開頭或結尾.這種閱讀文章往往有比較 復雜的句子結構,長難句較多,句法分析比較困難,有時會使用多種語言現象,如被動與態,定 第1頁 共2頁 語匆遽,虛擬語氣等. 2)在處理科普類文章時要通讀短文,了解文章的主題,抓住體現主題的關鍵詞句,特別是長 難句的理解,這是理解文章和解題的關鍵. 5.高考閱讀理解還有海外風情類的文章,多為名勝古跡,地域特色,異域風光,英美國家節日 介紹等. 二,命題分析 從近年高考英語閱讀理解文章和試題看,主要有以下特點: 1.詞彙量保持穩定,並略有增長 .詞彙量保持穩定, 近幾年高考閱讀理解部分的閱讀量基本保持穩定,但自主命題省市新增加的其他閱讀理解考 查形式如閱讀填空,閱讀簡答題的出現使閱讀量略有上升,這增加意味著對閱讀速度的要求在提 高,因此我們要提醒和培養考生提高閱讀速度. 2.更加註重綜合理解能力的考查 . 閱讀理解能力測試的主要設題方式有:1)理解所讀材料的主旨和大意;2)理解文中用以說 明主旨和大意的事實和細節;3)根據上下文推斷詞,短語或句子的含義;4)根據文章的敘述, 作出簡單的推理判斷;5)理解文章的基本篇章結構;6)理解作者的意圖,觀點和態度. 閱讀理解題型為:主旨大意題;分析推理題;細節理解題;猜測詞義題;以細節判斷試題為 主,並加大深層次理解試題和篇章結構試題的考查力度. 3.更加註重語言材料的真實性 . 高考閱讀理解文章的語言材料一般都出自英美國家閱讀材料原文或適當修改,體現原汁原味, 即 in English, about English (cultures, countries, etc.),不會出現反映中國的人或事的文章 4.選材多樣化 . 閱讀理解試題體裁廣泛,一般有記敘文,議論文,說明文和應用文;題材涉及內容廣,在選 材方面,突出生態環保,人物傳記,名人軼事,社會風俗文化,大眾科普,廣告,文學作品,社 會熱點,時文報道等,這些題材能使考生擴大對異域文化的接觸. 5.閱讀速度要求每分鍾 60 單詞. . 單詞. 命題特點如下:閱讀材料的選擇盡量作到體裁分布均勻,題材多樣,語言地道,材料多為最 近幾年國內外報刊,雜志上具有時代性的原汁原味的文章.有很強的時代氣息. 三,應試技巧 常用解題方法(三遍閱讀法) 第一遍:瀏覽全文,把握文章大意 第二遍:掃讀語塊,搜索有效信息 第三遍:查讀題項,定位正確答案 閱讀理解題目設置類型 1 淺層理解 細節題 細節轉述題 數字題 圖表題 排序題 2 深層理解 中心思想 最佳標題 作者意圖 推斷題 劃線句子和段落在文章中的作用 閱讀理解應試技巧 閱讀理解應試技巧 1. 快速,准確地捕捉信息詞句,做好細節理解題 細節理解題 先瀏覽一遍題目,把題目的要求儲存在大腦中,帶著疑問去快速閱讀,然後找出與題目相關 的信息詞句加以理解分析,去偽存真.此種辦法能有效地避免做細節理解題時的失誤. 第2頁 共 2頁 【技巧總結】准確捕捉信息,注意對信息進行綜合分析,分清主次,真偽,避免受信息的干擾, 陷入高考題所設下的"陷阱",誤選干擾項,因為某些干擾選項在文章中也能找到"依據",具有很強 的迷惑性. 2. 進行推理判斷,做好推理判斷題全品高考網 推理判斷題全品高考網 推理判斷題 策略指導:深層含義通常是隱藏在文字背後的延伸之意,弦外之音,如作者的意圖,傾向, 語氣,人物的性格,心理,情感,故事的結局,事情的因果關系等.因此大家需調動自己的邏輯 思維能力,透過字里行間,去嚴密推理,合理想像. 【技巧總結】隱含信息並非"空穴來風", 而是"有源之水",即隱含信息也是以文章的語言為載 體.大家應准確捕捉信息,調動智力因素,嚴密推理,合理想像,忌"憑空想像 "或"斷章取義". 在閱讀理解中結合自己的常識進行判斷是必要的,但決不能以常識取代信息分析.推理判斷既要 嚴密,又要靈活. 3. 進行詞義的判斷,做好語意理解題 語意理解題 策略指導: 首先從詞彙所處的語境進行分析, 注意上下文之間的關系, 如果出現 that is, that 如: is to say 或破折號等, 我們可以斷定, 後面的內容是對前面內容的解釋; 如果出現轉折詞 but, however, yet 以及表示相反結果的 on the contrary, on the other hand 等,我們可以從所給內容相反的意義去考 慮. 【技巧總結】高考語意判斷題很多都是考查舊詞新義的理解.因此大家需把詞彙或短句的字 面意義與語境和上下文結合起來,選擇最切合文章內容,最符合上下文邏輯的意義,切忌望文生 義. 4. 抓住文章的中心和主線,做好主旨大意題 主旨大意題 主旨大 策略指導:讀完一篇短文後應有意識地回味一下文章的大致內容,理一理文章的脈絡,體會 一下段與段之間的內在聯系, 這樣做文章的中心一般都能概括出來, 涉及文章主旨大意方面的題目 自然會在頭腦中由模糊變清晰. 【技巧總結】我們在歸納文章主題時,一定要注意選項的內涵和外延必須能恰如其分地概括 文章的主題,既不能范圍過大,也不能把某一細節或側面誤當作主題.閱讀時我們還應注意捕捉 文章出現頻率較高的中心詞彙以及文章和段落的主題句.在選擇文章題目時,還應注意語言方面 的特點:文章題目往往具有凝練,醒目的特點. 5. 猜測詞義題 猜測詞義是從特定的角度考查考生的閱讀理解能力和處理生詞的能力.猜測詞義包括對詞, 片語和句意的理解,是高考英語試題閱讀理解中的一類必考題.猜測詞義題常見的解題方法如下: (1)根據上下文線索猜測詞義 任何一篇文章中的句子在內容上都不是絕對孤立的,都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有關. 利用上下文提供的情景和線索,進行合乎邏輯的綜合分析而推測詞義,是閱讀過程中的一大關鍵, 也是高考的熱點. (2)根據定義或解釋猜測詞義 閱讀文章中的有些生詞尤其是新聞報導及科普類文章中的生詞,往往在其後有對該詞進行解 釋說明性的短語或句子,如 to be, that is , mean, stand for, namely, to refer to, to mean ,in other words 等,有時也以同位語,定語從句的形式出現,或用破折號,括弧來表示. (3)根據反義詞或反義關系 有的文章作者為了增強表達效果,會用一對反義詞揭示事物的不同點,形成鮮明的對比,這 時只要把握其中的一詞,就不難推出另一詞的含義. (4)根據同義詞或近義詞關系 常見的引出同義詞的標志性詞語有 or, like, similarly 等. (5)利用例證性線索 某些冷僻的詞彙後面會舉一個例子,使詞彙具體易懂.等連接性詞語往往用來舉例說明前面 較難理解的名詞. (6)根據構詞法猜測詞義 閱讀中常會遇到一些由所熟悉的單詞派生或合成的新詞,可利用構詞法知識來推測其意思. 6. 閱讀理解中的長難句理解 策略指導:閱讀理解中的結構復雜的句子一般分為兩大類:第一類是由復合句或並列句構成的長 復雜句子;第二類是省略句.對於第一類句子,大家應抓其主幹成分,理解其主體意思,其他的 成分都是對主體意思的修飾和補充.對於第二類句子,大家應通過上下文找出省略成分,把句子 補充完整. 【技巧總結】結構復雜的句子往往出現在說明文或議論文中,這是造成考生心理緊張的主要 原因.大家應冷靜下來,結合文章所說明或議論的中心話題,抓住主幹,層層理解. 四 閱讀理解的主要題型 1 主旨大意 (一)這種題型常見的提問方式: (1) The best title/headline for this passage is _______. (2) The passage (or the first paragraph) is mainly about ________. (3) What is the main idea/topic/purpose/subject of the passage? (4) Which of the following titles best summarizes the main idea of the passage? (5) The passage mainly discusses/deals with ________. (6) Which of the following best states the theme of the passage? (7) What topic is treated in the passage? (8) The passage makes clear that ________. (二)怎樣概括段落大意和中心思想 段落大意即是段落的中心思想.它體現了作者對文章段落的寫作意圖,是該段落所有句意的集中 體現.概括段落大意的方法有:① 尋找主題句,有些段落大意在主題句上.主題句有的在句首, 有的在段中,有的在段尾.② 尋找關鍵詞,有些段落大意就散落在關鍵詞上. ③ 用讀者自己的 語言概括段落大意. 中心思想即對文章內容進行概括,掌握文章中心思想是英語閱讀的關鍵.概括中心思想主要有 三條要求:① 了解所閱讀文章的文體是說明文,記敘文還是議論文等.② 抓住文章的段落大意. 各段落大意的整體歸納就是文章的中心思想.③ 用簡明扼要的文字將文章的中心思想表達出來. (三)怎樣捕捉標題 文章的標題是段落中心思想的簡練的表達形式.它的特點是:短小精練,多為短語;涵蓋性強, 一般要求能覆蓋全文,其確定的范圍要恰當,既不能太大,也不能太小;精確性強,不能隨便改 變語言表意的程度和色彩.那麼如何迅速地捕捉標題呢?首先要在閱讀原文的基礎上,仔細考慮 這句話或者短語與文章主題是否有著密切的關系;其次要看它對文章的概括性或者覆蓋面如何; 然後還要看標題是否過大或者過小. 2 細節事實 (一)這種題型常見的提問方式: (1) Which of the following is NOT included/ mentioned in the passage? (2) Which of the following (sentences/statements) is NOT true? (3) According to the passage, all of the following are true except/but _____. (4) Choose the right order of the events given in the passage. 第3頁 共4頁 第4頁 共 4頁 (5) Which of the following maps/diagrams gives the right position of…? (6) Which of the drawings below gives an idea of what …is like? (二) 怎樣找到細節事實 (1) 直接辨認 就是直接從文章中獲取信息,難度不大,但是要十分仔細. (2) 間接辨認 就是不僅要求考生從文章中獲取信息, 而且要將獲取的信息用同義或者近的形式復 述出來. 3 猜測詞義 (一)這種題型常見的提問方式: (1) The word "…"in the passage means______. (2) The word "…" could be best replaced by ______. (3) Which of the following is nearest in meaning to _______. (4) The word "…" probably refers to _______. (5) According to the passage, the word "…" is known as ______. (6) From the context, we can infer that the word "…" means ______. (7) The phrase "…" is closest to _______. (8) By saying "…" the author means _______. (9) The passage uses the word "…" to refer to ______. (二) 猜測詞義的方法 ① 利用上下文,通過對應結構或者平行結構中的同義詞或者反義詞判斷. ② 利用定語從句,同位語從句等. ③ 根據關聯詞,如:but, however, yet, unlike, like, not only…but also. at the same time 等. ④ 利用構詞法(包括轉化詞,合成詞和派生詞). (三)實例演習 ① 同義詞猜測 He replied quickly. But after he considered the problem more carefully, he regretted having made such a hasty decision. ② 反義詞猜測 Unlike his brother, who is truly handsome man, John is quite homely. ③ 定義猜測 Jim just hummed the tone of the song; he didn't sing the words. ④ 通過原因與結果關系猜測 A dog ran into the road, causing the cyclist to swerve. People need time to grieve after the death of a loved one. ⑤ 通過描述和例證猜測 At the first glance, I was struck by his shabbiness---his overcoat was worn, his shoes were in bad shape, and his trousers were dirty. 4 推理判斷 (一)這種題型常見的提問方式: (1) We can know from the passage that ______. (2) We can infer from the (first/last) passage that ______. (3) The passage implies that ________. (4) The passage suggests that _________. 第5頁 共6頁 (5) It can be concluded from the passage that _______. (6) What can be concluded from the passage? (7) From the passage we can draw the conclusion that ______. (二)怎樣做出推理判斷 此題型是閱讀理解中較難的題型,多屬於深層次理解題.在試卷中數量不斷增多.它要求考生 根據上下文的內在聯系,充分挖掘文章的深層次內涵.做這類題時要注意:① 不要脫離原文只 憑自己的想像胡亂推理或只憑常識推理;答案一定要在文章中找到依據或理由,分析材料所提 供的全部事實.② 特別重視文章的主旨,所選答案的內容一定不能脫離主題大意. 注意:判斷,推理和結論的區別.判斷是對已知的事實做出合理的決定,而並非唯一的決 定.推理是從已知推理出未知(合理的猜測).而結論是以已知的事實為前提,得出的唯一合 理的決定.在做題時,注意題目中含有 know, what do you think/suppose…?的一般是判斷.含有 imply, suggest, infer, seem, appear, probably, most likely 等的一般是推理.有 conclude, draw the conclusion 的一般是結論. 5 作者意圖(態度) 作者意圖(態度) (一)這種題型常見的提問方式: (1) The author seems to be in favor of / against ______. (2) The author's purpose of writing this passage is _______. (3) The author may probably agree with/ support _______. (4) What's the author's attitude towards _______? (5) How does the author feel about ________? (6) The author implies that _______. (7) The author gives the impression that ________. (8) In the author's opinion, ________. (9) The tone of the author may be _______. (10) Which of the following can best describe the attitude towards ______? (二) 怎樣揣摩作者的意圖或態度 所謂作者的意圖,就是作者試圖在文章中要表達的思想,也就是其寫作目的.作者的意圖往往不 是擺在讀者面前的,它隱藏在字里行間,甚至文章之外,有的文章還有作者設置的種種假象.要 吃透文章,就要搜索文章的關鍵字眼和關鍵句子,要熟悉各種文體,尤其要把握作者的語氣,是 嚴肅或輕松,幽默或諷刺,平和或激動,樂觀或悲觀等等.此外,還要注意文章中一些細節性的 用詞,如 however, even though, but 等連接詞往往和作者的態度有關.在做題時,要時刻注意讀者 不可以根據自己的主觀臆斷下結論,所得出的結論應符合原文作者的意圖. 五 閱讀篇目題材形式特徵以及解題技巧 (一) 科技環保類 這類文章在高考中出現的的頻率最高,難度最大,長難句太多, 它們一 般是說明文,但有時也夾雜著敘述和議論,並經常出現一些較新的科技名詞或術語.考生如果經 常閱讀英語報紙報刊,具備比較豐富的課外知識,積累一定量的新詞彙,對解這類文章會大有幫 助. (二)人物故事類 一般為記敘文,有時也穿插說明和議論.這類文章一般難度不大.但是為了 提高難度,命題者往往使用倒敘,插敘或補敘等手段故意打亂故事的陳述次序,使行文的跳躍性 增大,故事情節復雜化.注意這類文章往往出現較多的人名或地名,會使沒有閱讀經驗的考生大 大降低閱讀理解的速度. (三)新聞報道類 這是日常生活中很常見的文體,在高考中出現的頻率也很高.這類文章語言 第6頁 共 6頁 簡約,含義豐富,句子多用省略,常用倒敘和插敘,並經常插入人物訪談或評論,思維的跳躍性 也很大,較多人名或地名.讀這種文章時,一定要在第一句話即新聞的導語上多下功夫.因為導 語是文章的總體概括.以下的正文部分往往是對導語展開敘述,相對容易理解. (四) 廣告信息類 (五)歷史地理類 在每年高考中幾乎都會出現.這類文章也是文字簡約,多省略句,多用圖 一般為說明文,偶爾也出現記敘文.這類文章也會出現較多的人名,地名等 表,生詞術語多,冗餘信息多.但是設題相對簡單,多為細節考查.可以採用跳讀. 專有名詞.對於這類詞,只要知道他們是指人或地方就行了,不必深究.注意歷史題材文章會出 現一些時間表達法,地理文章會出現一些方位表達法,這些都要了解. (六) 教育心理類 這類文章一般篇幅較長,多採用說明加議論的寫法,句子結構復雜,內容 抽象難懂,設題相對較多,難度較高.屬於"高檔題".所以,做好這類題對取得高分有決定性的意 義.這類文章經常考查對文章主旨大意的歸納和推斷作者的觀點.所以,一定要抓住文章的主題. 看每一段都說明了什麼問題,哪一句是文章的中心議題,以及哪些是作者用以說明這一議題的事 實,材料等.還要注意區分哪些是作者本人的觀點,哪些是作者引述別人的觀點等等. (七) 國外風情類 國外風情類的閱讀理解文章所涉及到過風俗人情的方法面面內容比較廣泛, 這類文章一般使用說明加記敘的寫法,趣味性較強,語言形象生動.考生若有類似的知識積累, 了解國外尤其是英美國家的一些文化習俗,對於理解這類文章非常有用. 困難,甚至理解不了.例如讓同學們閱讀一篇關於"水門汀事件"或"伊朗門事件"方面的英語文章, 如果同學們對這兩件事情的背景不清楚,閱讀起來就會摸不著頭腦.由此可見,文化背景知識是 進行閱讀理解的助手,考生一定要注意平時的積累. 八 生活經驗常識 閱讀理解的能力一般隨著生活經驗的豐富而不斷提高.例如由於小孩還沒有成年人的知識和 經驗,他們還看不懂成年人的文章,他們自然也就不喜歡成年人的讀物;人們對於自己所經歷的 事情一看就能明白,讀起來也就有興趣,而對於陌生領域的文章就感到困難.因此,同學們在平 時要多積累生活經驗. 九 習語及固定搭配知識 每一種語言都有自己的習慣用語和固定搭配.一般情況下,這些用語和固定搭配是不能單從 字面上來理解的,英語也是如此.如 eat one's words 的意思並不是"食言,說話不算數"而是"收回 前言, 為說錯話而道歉"; break one's words 的意思才是"食言, 失言". 又如, 如果把 have words with sb 理解為"跟某人談話",那麼就錯了,它的意思是"跟某人吵嘴";而 have a word / talk with sb 的 意思才是"跟某人談話".因此,這就要求同學們在平日的英語學習中必須進行廣泛的閱讀,積累, 掌握英語中的習語及固定搭配. 十 學科綜合知識 高考英語閱讀理解方面的短文不僅包括社會生活,政治經濟,文化教育各方面的知識,而且 也包括歷史,地理,物理,化學,生物,電腦技術 六 常見的閱讀方法 閱讀理解的正確作答,從整體上我們可以歸納為兩大思路: 第一,A→Q→A(A=Article,Q=Question),即先從整體去閱讀文章,後看問題,接著根據 文章去解答問題.對於這種解題思路多為考生在平時常用的練習方式,它可以幫助考生准確把握 文章的主旨大意及作者寫文章的目的意圖,因而對於解決綜合推理判斷的題目是非常好的方法, 但這種方法卻有其弊端:花費一定的時間,閱讀速度較慢.在考場上,時間對考生來說是極其寶 貴的,因而在考試中很多考生較少採用此種辦法. 第二,Q→A→Q,即先把整個問題快速看一遍,然後帶著問題在文章中找答案.此種方法最 大的特點就是節省時間,而且針對性很強,如果問題是事實性的和細節性的,那准確率也是比較 高的,但它的缺點就是在解決具有推理判斷或是綜合性的問題時效果就不太明顯了.所以考生應 該靈活應對,尋找適合自己的解題技巧.為此,筆者總結歸納出如下幾種方法: 1.直接法和排除法.所謂的直接法即為在文章中很容易找到的答案,類似這樣的題目大多設 計在開頭的小題目中,較為容易;排除法是根據你所閱讀的印象,可以發現這是虛假信息,在干 擾你的思維,有的干擾項在文章中隱藏得很深,需要你加倍留意. 2.相似法和跳讀法.考生可以根據題干中所出現的相關的重要的某幾個信息詞或句式,在文 章的某一處找到其相同或相似的詞及句式,然後根據此處所提供的信息進行加工整合,最終提煉 出精華,實際上這一處理過程就包含了跳讀法,考生不需要逐字逐行地去查找,根據題乾的提示 跳讀找到相關的句子,加以分析推敲,從而找到正確的答案. 3.猜測法和推敲法.在高考的試題當中經常會出現這樣的題目,即讓考生根據某一段話來猜 測某一生詞或句子的意思,對此考生只能在某一出處細細品味推敲上下文所包含的意思,從而找 到答案. 4.概括法和推理法.此種方法主要用來解決一組題目中的最後一二道綜合題目,這類題目難 度相對較大,需要考生具有一定的解題能力,運用概括推理法的前提條件是認真閱讀文章開頭一 段和最後的結尾,同時文章中每一段的第一句話. 快速提升英語閱讀, 快速提升英語閱讀,需要養成的十個好習慣 1.不要反復瀏覽.凡是科技讀物,一般只須順著讀一遍即可.如有必要,也要等整篇 讀完之後,再回過頭重復某項內容.避免眼睛不斷地來回轉動. 2.採用"篩選"式閱讀法.有意識地為涉獵專業所需的信息而讀. 3.要默讀,不要朗讀.發聲的閱讀是快速法的大敵. 4.閱讀時,視線應與讀物成垂直線,並充分發揮視線的"餘光"作用,多覽到一些內容. 5.要聚精會神地閱讀.快速閱讀必須有"強化"的注意力. 6.提倡有理解地閱讀.閱讀時,抓住實質性的關鍵詞.讀物的內容實質,正是閱讀時 應弄通的重點.理解,就是探索出讀物的思想意義. 7.在閱讀中,運用要領記憶的基本方法,有目的地去記.不必去記無關緊要的詞句, 卻要記住作者意圖及內容實質. 8.學會運用多種形式的學習法,不斷提高閱讀速度. 9.經常訓練自己的閱讀能力,便能鞏固已經取得的成果. 10. 適當練習限時閱讀,提高閱讀速度.力爭 35 分鍾完成 5 篇文章. 七 文化背景知識 文化背景包括政治,經濟,社會,科學技術,天氣情況,地理環境,人物的性格特點及知識 水平等各個方面.如果背景知識豐富,閱讀起來輕而易舉;如果背景知識貧乏,閱讀起來就感到 第7頁 共8頁 第8頁 共 8頁 

⑥ 高考英語閱讀選題目題如何做

一、考點聚焦
1、題型特點
閱讀是理解和吸收書面信息的能力。《中學英語教學大綱》規定，中學生應側重培養閱讀理解能力。
閱讀材料的選取原則為：
（1）閱讀量不少於1000個單詞。近三年超過2000字篇數為5篇，讀速要求為44.2，44.6和46.3wpm。
（2）題材多樣化，包括科普、社會、文化、政治、史地、經濟、新聞報道乃至廣告說明。
（3）體裁避免單一化，包括記敘文、說明文、應用文等。
2、試題要求
（1）掌握所讀材料的主旨和大意，以及用以說明主旨和大意的事實和細節。
（2）既理解具體的事實，也理解抽象的概念。
（3）既理解字面意思，也理解深層含義，包括作者的態度、意圖等。
（4）既理解某句、某段的意義也理解全篇的邏輯關系，並據此進行推理和判斷。
（5）能根據材料所提供的信息，結合中學生應有的常識正確判斷生詞的含義。
3、基本能力
（1）能迅速看準每句的結構，抓住主句的主語、謂語、賓語。
（2）有一定的詞彙量和辨詞能力。
（3）能靈活運用所學語法知識，根據句中的某個詞迅速斷定真假、語態和時態等。
（4）對英美文化背景知識有一定了解。
（5）有良好的思維能力，能邊看邊加工所得到的信息，從而作出正確分析、判斷和綜合。
（6）有平時大量閱讀作基礎，有一定的語感和相當的閱讀速度。

二、應試技巧點撥
1、四個步驟
（1）速讀短文，了解短文的主旨大意，辨別文體，掌握結構。
（2）看題。了解考查內容，帶著問題讀材料，尋找答案。
（3）復讀。對所選答案有針對性地尋找支撐論點的關鍵信息。
（4）核查。注意各題的答案應邏輯一致，不能自相矛盾。盡可能找到（從文中）根據，確保正確無誤。
2、四個善於
（1）關於審題，找出文中依據。
（2）善於尋找線索。
（3）善於抓主題句，解決概括題。
（4）善於篩選、比較、衡量、綜合文章的有用信息。
3、三個避免
（1）只見樹木不見林。
（2）難題耗時太多。
（3）閱讀方式不當。

三、精典範例
例1 （NMET 2001）
Shanghai: Car rentals（出租）are becoming more and more popular as an inexpensive way of taking to the roads. Business people, foreigners and families alike are making good use of the growing instry.

The first car rental firm opened in Shanghai in 1992 and now 12 car rental players are in the game, with more than 11,500 cars in their books.

The largest player—Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Rental Center offers a wide variety of choices—deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are big favorite.

Firms can attract enough customers for 70 percent of their cars every month. This figure shoots up ring holiday seasons like National Day, Labor Day and New Year's Day, with some recording 100 percent rental.

The major market force rests in the growing population of white-collar employees（白領雇員），who can afford the new service, said Zhuang Yu, marketing manager of Shanghai Angel car Rental Co.
( )1. The words "deluxe sedans","minivans"and "station wagons"used in the text refer to ___________.
A.cars in the making B.car rental firms
C.cars for rent D.car makers
( )2. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
A. 70% of the cars can be rented out on holiday.
B. 70% of the customers are while-collar employees.
C. More firms are open for service ring holiday seasons.
D. Some firms rent out all their cars ring holiday seasons.
( )3. Shanghai's car rental instry is growing so fast mainly e to ___________.
A. better cars supplied by procers.
B. fast service offered by car rental firms.
C. the increasing number of white-collar emplioyees.
D. people's growing interest in travelling ring holidays.
解析：
1.C。上文提到："Shanghai Bashi旅遊車租賃中心"提供了廣泛豐富的選擇，可判斷選擇的內容為可供租賃的車型。故選C。
2.D。文中提到的數據70%為"每月汽車租出量"，故A、B都不正確。"This figure shoots up ring holiday seasons …, with some recording 100 percent rental"判斷出D項陳述正確的，即"一些公司在節假日里能夠把汽車全部租出去。"
3.C。文章最後一段引用"汽車租賃中心市場經理"（Zhuang Yu）的話解釋了上海汽車租賃行車迅猛發展的原因根源於"the growing population of white-collar employees"。故選C。

例2：（2004年全國卷II）
Rome had the Forum. London has Speaker's Corner. Now always–on– the-go New Yorkers have Liz and Bill.

Liz and Bill, two college graates in their early 20s, have spent a whole year trying to have thousands of people talk to them in subway stations and on busy street corners. Just talk.

Using a 2-foot-tall sign that says,"Talk to Me."they attract conversatio- nalists, who one evening included a mental patient, and men in business suits.

They don't collect money. They don't push religion(宗教). So what's the point?

"To see what happens, said Liz."We simply enjoy life with open communication（交流）."
Shortly after the September 11,2001 attacks, they decided to walk from New York City to Washington, a 270-mile trip. They found they loved talking to people along the way and wanted to continue talking with strangers after their return.

"It started as a crazy idea,"Liz said."We were so curious about all the strangers walking by with their life stories. People will talk to us about anything: their jobs, their clothes, their childhood experiences, anything."

Denise wanted to talk about an exam she was about to take. She had stopped by for the second time in two days, to let the two listeners know how it went.

Marcia had lost her husband to a serious disease."That was very heavy on my mind,"Marcia said."To be able to talk about it to total strangers was very good,"she explained.

To celebrate a year of talking, the two held a get-together in a city park for all the people they had met over the past year. A few hundred people showed up, as well as some television cameramen and reporters.

They may plan more parties or try to attract more people to join their informal talks. Some publishers have expressed interest in a book, something they say they'll consider.
1. What did Liz and Bill start doing after September 2001?
A. Chatting with people. B. Setting up street signs
C. Telling stories to strangers D. Organizing a speaker's corner
2. What they have been doing can be described as .
A. pointless B. normal C. crazy D. successful
3. Why are Denise and Marcia mentioned in the text?
A. They knew Liz and Bill very well.
B. They happened to meet the writer of the text.
C. They organized the get-together in the city park.
D. They are examples of those who talked to Liz and Bill.
4. What will Liz and Bill do in the future?
A. Go in for publishing. B. Do more television programs.
C. Continue what they are doing. D. Spend more time reading books.
5. How do they like they idea of writing a book?
A. They have decided to wait a year or two
B. They will think about it carefully
C. They agreed immediately
D. They find it hard to do that
解析：
1.A。本篇講述了兩個大學畢業生與陌生人交談，傾聽人們向他們傾述的互惠的活動。文章從聯想開始，簡介Liz and Bill（這是兩個人的名字，又是交談與傾聽活動的名稱）做什麼，怎樣開始的，效果如何，未來打算等，其中等六段和第七段是插敘（從shortly after…到…experiences, anything.），講述的就是兩個年輕人怎樣開始這一活動的。故選A項；開始與人聊天。
2.D。Liz and Bill活動很成功。從倒數第二段可知：為慶祝該活動一周所舉辦的聚會，有許多人參加，記者和攝影師都來了，說明很成功。
3.D。Liz和Bill同許多人談生活，傾聽過許多人跟他們談心，Denise和Marcia是其中的兩人。提到他們來做例子。
4.C。最後一段的前一句說明他們還想吸引更多的人來加入這一活動，與他們聊天。故選C。
5.B。本題問Liz和Bill怎麼看待寫本書這回事，全篇最後一句可知，但本句結構較復雜。something是代詞，是a book的同位語，"they'll consider"是定語從句，"they say"起到插入語的作用。全句可譯為：有些出版商表達了給Liz和Bill 出本書的興趣，Liz和Bill說他們會考慮這件事。consider一詞可解釋為think about carefully，"something"指出書寫書。故選B。

例3：
My first reaction was annoyance. It was Friday afternoon, and I was within an hour of finishing my work for the week. As I was leaving, a nurse brought me one more patient message. The statement read: "Mrs.Jones called to say that she has had blurred vision（視覺模糊）ever since her medical test this morning."I smiled. Suddenly our tests were causing eye problems.

This week my patients had questioned everything. My patient with high blood pressure had stopped coming to her treatment on the advice of an Internet chat room. A woman who had a mental problem was substituting(用……代替)St . John's word for her medication. Now Mrs. Jones was imagining problems. I rolled my eyes.

My second reaction was worry. As I looked through her record, I tried to figure out why she would have blurred vision, but nothing in her record explained the new problem. She's probably just anxious, I thought. Still, she wouldn't have called if she had been all right. I picked up the phone.

What I next felt can only be described as delight. Before I made the call, the nurse ran in: Mrs. Jones called. Her vision is fine. Turns out she picked up the wrong glasses when she left the office. The X-raytechnician has been having the same problem. I let out a laugh. Mrs. Jones had been right. Her vision had been blurred. Now we know why.

Finally I felt shame. I came to realize what Mrs. Jones had taught me. I had first known she was wrong, that her anxiety had clouded her judgment. Instead, my medical training had clouded mine. Now I me for my help. They pay me to listen, diagnose（診斷），treat and talk. That suggests trust; I must remember that, and trust them too.

1.The writer smiled while reading the patient message because he knew .
A. Mrs. Jones would ask for more tests
B. the patient was being unreasonable
C. the nurse was joking with him
D. Mrs. Jones would call him
2. What had caused Mrs . Jones' eye problem?
A. Wrong glasses B. Medical checkup.
C. Her own imagination D. Chatting on the Internet
3.The underlined words"clouded her judgment"in the last paragraph probably mean .
A. made her less trustful toward the doctor
B. put her in control of her own feelings
C. made her less able to think clearly
D. put her in a dangerous situation
解析：
1.B。本篇講一個醫生要結束一周的工作時幾分鍾內的心理歷程。一周來，病人們不斷懷疑或不信任自己，其中一個病人Mrs.Jones也來電話說上午看完病後眼睛看不清東西，醫生先是煩躁，進而擔心焦慮是否真的有問題或病人只是在想像，再而是高興——Mrs.Jones只是戴錯了眼鏡，自己的診斷治療沒問題。最後是慚愧，病人還是信任自己的，自己也必須信任病人。文章第二段活用了許多過去完成時，說明這些事先發生，許多病人開始沒道理地懷疑自己，現在又輪到Mrs.Jones。所以醫生知道這位病人有些沒理性。
2.A。第四段的前幾句說明了Mrs.Jones視力正常，（下班）離開辦公室時拿錯了眼鏡。
3.C。畫線部分中cloud作動詞用，是用雲擋住的意思，整體畫線部分應是"影響了她的判斷力，使她不能正常思考"，本題可用代入法解決。

例4：
It's not the flashiest car in the world. Not even close. But the 1971 Volkswagen named Helios can do something most cars can't : run on solar energy—energy from the sun's light and head!
Joshua Bechtold, 14,and the other students at the Riverside School in Lyndonville, Vermont, worked They named their car after Helios, the sun god in Greek mythology（神話）。
The 4-year-old Tour de Sol encourages the use of "green",or environmen- tally friendly, cars to help rece pollution and save enengy. It's not a race. Cars are judged on fuel efficiency（耗油量）rather than speed. In the week-long event, 44 cars took the 350-mile tour from Waterbury, Connecticut, to Lake George, New York. Of the 23 student cars, Helios was the only one built by middle school students.

A teacher drove Helios, but the children talked with people wherever they stopped along the road."That was my favorite part,"says Anna Browne,15."We explained how the car runs."

Due in part to old, inefficient batteries（電池），Helios finished fourth—out of four—in its kind, the sun-powered class."We were there for the fun of it,"Anna says,"We're proud of Helios,"says Ariel Gleicher, 14."It's a car that's good for the environment."

1. What is special about the car Helios in the text?
A. It was built by middle school students
B. It has an attractive design
C. It was made in 1971
D. It won the fourth prize
2. How many sun-powered cars took part in the race?
A. 1 B. 4 C. 23 D. 44
3. What would be the best title for the text?
A. The Making of Helios
B. 1999 American Tour de Sol
C. Sun-powered Gars on the Road
D. Use of Green Cars in Connecticut
4. The students felt proud of Helios because .
A. it could run as far as 350 miles
B. it was favored by many children
C. it had high-quality batteries
D. it was driven by clean energy
解析：
1.A。從第一段"run on solar energy"和第二段"Joshua Bechtold,14, and the other students…worked many months to get Helois ready."可知本車利用太陽能，並且由學生製做。
2.B。從最後一段"Helois finished fourth-out of four-in its kind, the sun-powered class"可知，四輛同類車參賽，Helois得第四名。
3.C。全文講述Helois這類太陽能車。本文不止講Helois的製作，排除A。本文講Helois參賽前後的事，不以賽事為主，排除B。環保汽車的使用不止在Connectinut, 排除D。
4.D。學生們對此車感到自豪是因為該車環保，而非車速或小孩子喜歡，且它的電池舊而效率低，排除其他各項。

例5：
The other day, my friend Jane was invited to a 40th birthday party. The time printed on the invitation was 7:30 pm. Jane went off with her husband, expecting a merry evening of wine, food, and song.

By 9:45,everybody was having great fun, but no food had appeared. Jane and David were restless. Other guests began whispering that they, too, were starving. But no one wanted to leave, just in case some food was about to appear. By 11:00, there was still no food, and everyone was completely off their heads. Jane and David left hungry and angry.

Their experience suggests that the words on the printed invitations need to be made clearer. Everyone reads and understands the invitations differently. Most of us would agree that 6:30—8:30pm means drinks only, go out to dinner afterwards; 8:00pm or 8:30pm means possible dinner, but 9:30pm and any time thereafter means no food, eat beforehand, roll up late.

But this is not always the case. If asked to a students' party at 6:30pm, it is normal for guests not to appear before midnight, if at all, and no one cares. Being the first to arrive—looking eager—is social death. When my mother asked to a party for 6:30, she likes to be there, if not on time, then no later than seven. My age group (late thirties)falls somewhere between the two, but because we still think we're young. We're probably closer to student-time than grown-up time.

The accepted custom at present is confusing（混亂的），sometimes annoying, and it often means you may go home hungry, but it does lend every part that precious element（成分）of surprise.
1. The underlined words"off their heads"probably mean .
A. tired B. crazy C. curious D. hopeless
2. Jane and David's story is used to show that .
A. party-goers usually get hungry at parties
B. party invitations can be confusing
C. people should ask for food at parties
D. birthday parties for middle-aged people are ll
3. For some young people, arriving on time for a students' party will probably be considered .
A. very difficult B. particularly thoughtful
C. friendly and polite D. socially unacceptable
4. According to the writer, people in their late thirties .
A. are likely to arrive late for a party
B. care little about the party time
C. haven't really grown up yet
D. like surprises at parties
5. What is the general idea of the text? .
A. It's safe to arrive late just when food is served
B. It's wise to eat something before going to a party
C. It's important to follow social rules of party-going
D. It's necessary to read invitations carefully
解析：
1.B。參加晚會的人沒吃晚飯，到晚11點，人們餓瘋了。
2.B。開頭的故事做為例子，說明邀請信函令人迷茫，人們無法把握該如何去做。
3.D。第四段前幾句說明，年輕的學生赴晚會遲到很正常。急切地第一個趕到的人太少見了。
4.A。第四段最後提及三十多歲的人參加晚會的時間接近學生的時間，故可能遲到。
5.C。全文可知，不同年齡段的人到達晚會的時間不同，對晚會時間理解不同，不遵從社會習慣，便會出現餓肚子等現象。所以，按社會習俗參加晚會極為重要。

例6：
Cannes will rock to the sound of a cancan dance this year when Moulin Rouge by the Australian director Baz Luhrmann opens the French film festival

(電影節)in May. The musical stars Nicole Kidman as a singer, and John Leguizamo as the artist Henri de Toulouse-Lautree. It will be competing for the palme d'Or, the festival's top prize. The festival runs to May 21.

The American actor Tommy Lee Jones, 54, has married his longtime girlfriend, Dawn Maria Laurel, 36, in a private wedding in San Antonio."It wasn't a big to-do,"said Fred Biery, a U.S. District Judge who performed the service. He refused to discuss things further."These are very private people,"he said.
Loretta Lynn is being treated for a very bad cold in Tennessee and will miss several appearances. The country singer, 65, was admitted to a hospital near her home in Hurricane Mills."She is in good condition, but the doctors are watching her closely,"a spokeswoman said.

The French-Algerian singer Enrico Macias was named a United Nations peace messenger. Enrico joins eight other people who act as goodwill envoys（使者）for the United Nations, among them are the writer Elie Wiesel and the basketball player Magie Johnson.
1. We can learn from the text that Henri de Toulouse-Lantree is .
A. a figure in a film B. a dancer in a show
C. a country singer D. a prize winner
2. We know from the text that .
A. Moulin Rouge won the top prize in a film festival
B. Loretta Lynn is under the doctor's care
C. eight people serve as the UN goodwill enjoys
D. Fred Biery was Tommy Lee Jones' assistant
3. This text most probably appears in .
A. a book on film stars B. a film review in a magazine
C. a newspaper D. a notice
解析：
1.A。第一段"…and John Leguizamo as the artist Hentti de You-louse－ Lautree."可知，as前省略了will act, as前的人是一個演員，其後的人是電影中的角色。
2.B。第四段"She (Loretta Lynn)is in good condition, but the doctors are watching her closely"可知答案。Moulin Rough（一部影片）即將參加電影節，尚未獲獎，排除A。Enrico Macias同其他八人一道，共九人，排除C。Fred Biery是一個法官，故排除D。
3.C。全文四小段文章均是關於影視娛樂圈的事，應該是從報紙的休閑娛樂欄目中選取的文章。

來自www.jxue.com/mid