牙買加女運動員英語閱讀理解

1. 有一個外國的女運動員本來是練體操的，後來因為年紀大了，改練跳高，她是誰

俄羅斯的伊辛巴耶娃是當之無愧的撐桿跳女皇，打破世界紀錄在她手中就像是過家家一樣。但是，在15歲以前她卻是一名體操運動員，能夠奪得體操奧運冠軍是她的夢想。可逐漸增長的身高讓她不得不和體操說再見，改練撐桿跳。不過，專業的體操訓練為她的改行打下了良好的技術基礎。

伊辛巴耶娃出生於伏爾加格勒，是世界上最優秀的女子撐桿跳選手，自2003年破世界紀錄以來，保持著對女子撐桿跳的壟斷性統治。由於表現出色，伊辛巴耶娃在2004年和2005年連續兩年被評選為國際田聯最佳女運動員獎並且獲得了勞倫斯最佳運動員。在2005年7月22日，伊辛巴耶娃成為了第一個撐桿跳打破5米紀錄的女運動員。伊辛巴耶娃喜歡閱讀關於俄羅斯歷史的書籍，還喜歡收集海豚玩具，她希望有一天能和海豚一起游泳。

5歲開始練體操，15歲改練撐竿跳。是世界上最優秀的女子撐桿跳選手。

1998年莫斯科世錦賽冠軍，2000年智利世錦賽冠軍。2002年以4米55獲得歐錦賽亞軍，2003年室內世錦賽亞軍

2003年7月13日在英國的蓋茨黑德舉行的國際田聯大獎賽上以4米82打破室外撐桿跳世界紀錄。在2004年2月，她在烏克蘭舉行的第15屆撐桿跳明星邀請賽又創造了4米83的室內撐桿跳世界紀錄，盡管這一記錄一周後就被費奧法諾娃以4米85的成績刷新，但在3月6日布達佩斯舉行的世界室內田徑錦標賽上，伊辛巴耶娃再次以4米86的成績，成為了該項目世界紀錄的保持者。此外，她還保持著4米47的青少年室外世界紀錄，她是目前獨一無二的女子撐桿挑項目中三項世界紀錄的保持者。

2004年雅典奧運會上以4米91的成績再次刷新女子撐杠跳世界紀錄，將金牌收入囊中。2005年2月10日的烏克蘭頓涅茨克，伊娃跳過了4米87；6天後的英國伯明翰，她跳到了4米88；2月26日，法國列文國際室內賽，4米89。3月在西班牙馬德里歐洲室內田徑賽上創下的4米90新世界紀錄奪冠。

2005年7月22日，在倫敦舉行的國際田聯超級大獎賽中，跳過高達5米的橫桿，從而成為歷史上第一個飛越5米大關的女子撐桿跳高運動員，這已經是她第17次刷新世界紀錄。

2005年8月13日世界田徑錦標賽上伊辛巴耶娃以5米01的成績打破世界記錄並獲得該項目的冠軍。

2006年第11屆世界室內田徑錦標賽上跳出了4.91的世界最好成績。

2007年大阪世錦賽冠軍，可惜沖擊5米02的世界紀錄未果。

2007年國際田聯黃金聯賽六站全勝與美國的女子400米運動員理查德茲分享百萬美元黃金大獎。

2008年7月12日，在世界田聯黃金聯賽羅馬站，她以5.03米刷新世界室外女子撐桿跳紀錄。

2008年7月30日，在世界田聯黃金聯賽摩納哥站，伊辛巴耶娃以5.04米第23次刷新世界紀錄。

2008年8月18日晚，北京奧運會田徑比賽在國家體育場鳥巢繼續第四天的爭奪。在女子撐桿跳高決賽中，俄羅斯的「女布博卡」伊辛巴耶娃以5米05成功衛冕，並將她半個月前剛剛創造的世界紀錄又提高了1厘米。

2009年布勃卡紀念賽上，伊辛巴耶娃以5米刷新世界室內女子撐桿跳紀錄。

2009年國際田聯黃金聯賽蘇黎世站的比賽中，伊辛巴耶娃以5.06米的成績打破由自己保持的女子撐桿跳世界紀錄，這是她職業生涯中第27次打破世界紀錄，也是她第15次打破室外賽世界紀錄。

至今，伊辛巴耶娃共破紀錄27次

父母的耕耘

然而恰恰是這兩位平凡的父母對伊辛巴耶娃不平凡的運動生涯起了決定性的影響。母親娜塔麗亞曾經打過籃球，還被送入了體育學校。雖然沒有成為一名真正的籃球選手，但是她已經決定要把女兒培養成奧運會冠軍。4歲時，母親就為伊辛巴耶娃和妹妹舉行了一場家庭運動會。之後，便把女兒送到了體操學校。伊辛巴耶娃很有天賦，一直是父母的驕傲。母親更是逢人就誇：「我的女兒是世界上最優秀最美麗的！」只可惜15時伊辛巴耶娃的身高就竄到了1米7。無奈之下，她不得不轉練撐桿跳。當然在體操館練就的柔韌的腰部有益於撐桿跳，不過這都是後話了。畢竟15歲才開始重新學習撐桿跳技術絕非易事。慧眼挑中伊辛巴耶娃的教練特羅莫夫為此付出的艱辛可想而知。正是父母和教練陪伴她所共同走過的篳路藍縷，成名後的伊辛巴耶娃在任何時候都把父母和教練的利益放在首位。在被問及會不會做一些慈善募捐，她的回答是：「現在沒有這個打算。我有父母姐妹，還要支付教練的工資，不久自己還要嫁人，這些才是我優先考慮的。我不是出身於富裕的家庭，所以要先報答那些幫助過我的人。我會先安排他們。」

2. 牙買加的運動員為什麼能跑的那麼快

在牙買加，短跑成為人們喜歡的一項運動，男孩女孩們5歲時就會參加全國比賽。回

「博爾特比賽答時，鄰居都來我家看比賽，屋裡屋外擠了100多人。大家揮舞旗幟，敲鑼打鼓，吶喊助威。百米決賽當地上午時間進行，整個牙買加都會為他慶祝整整一天。」博爾特奪冠後，他的父親老博爾特說出了牙買加人對短跑的瘋狂。

牙買加盛產短跑名將，但他們的訓練條件根本無法與歐美人相提並論。牙買加一所科技大學的專業田徑俱樂部，是包括鮑威爾、辛普森等專業選手訓練的地方。這家「全國最先進」的田徑俱樂部，有10人獲得了北京奧運參賽資格，但訓練設備都是些過時的玩意兒，在綠色橢圓形的賽道上，分界線由瀝青和柴油的混合物標出。

因為熱愛，牙買加人快速地跑著。

3. 牙買加的運動員，寫明運動項目（要英文的名字）

奧蒂，女子百米，曾經的世界冠軍

4. 08年考研英語閱讀理解第三篇翻譯

08年考研英語閱讀理解第三篇翻譯：
在20世紀60年代早期，Wilt Chamberlain是美國國家籃球協會中僅有的身高超過7英尺的三個人之一。可是如果他參加了上個賽季的話，他就變成了42分之一了。這些年來在較大的職業體育運動中的運動員的身體狀況發生了很大的改變，而他們的經理人也更願意調整隊員的運動服來適應隊員們更大，更高的身材。
雖然體育界的這種趨勢可能蒙蔽了一個沒有被承認的現實：美國人基本上停止生長了。雖然現在人們比140年前高了2英寸，特別是那些出生在已移民美國很多代的那些人，但是明顯的，在二十世紀60年代早期，已經到達了他們的身高的極限。他們已經不可能再長得更高了。「在這個基因和環境的條件下，現在整體的人們已經長到我們能夠達到的范圍了，」Wright州大學的人類學家William Cameron Chumlea說道。拿NBA球員來說，他們身高的增加主要由於從世界各地招募到了球員。
身高的增長一般在20歲以後就停止了，而發育是需要能量和營養的，其中的蛋白質用來供給組織的生長。在20世紀初，營養不良和兒童疾病妨礙了整體的發育。但是當飲食和健康的促進，兒童和青少年平均每20年都增長了大概1.5英寸，這就是長高的趨勢。根據疾病防治中心，從1960年開始，人們的平均身高，男性5英尺9英寸，女性5英尺4英寸，就沒有怎麼改變了。
總的說來，避免太高的身高是有很多優點的。在生產時，較大的嬰兒通過產道是有更多的問題的。而且，就算人類已經直立行走已經幾百萬年了，我們的腳和背部繼續對抗著巨大的壓力，這些壓力來源於雙足直立的姿勢和巨大的肢體。「有一些限制是個體器官的基因結構導致的。」西北大學的人類學家William Leonard說道。
基因的最大化可以改變，但是不要期待它會馬上就能發生。Mass州的Natick的軍隊研究中心的高級人類學家Claire C. Gordon確信百分之九十的入伍新兵不需要更換新的制服和工作站。她說，不像那些籃球制服，軍隊的制服長度很長時間都沒有改變了。如果你需要在不遠的將來預測人類的身高而去設計一款新的設備，Gordon說基本上，「你都能夠使用現在的數據並且覺得非常地自信。」
Text 3
In the early 1960s Wilt Chamberlain was one of only three players in the National Basketball Association (NBA) listed at over seven feet. If he had played last season, however, he would have been one of 42. The bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years, and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger, longer frames.
The trend in sports, though, may be obscuring an unrecognized reality: Americans have generally stopped growing. Though typically about two inches taller now than 140 years ago, today』s people – especially those born to families who have lived in the U.S. for many generations – apparently reached their limit in the early 1960s. And they aren』t likely to get any taller. 「In the general population today, at this genetic, environmental level, we』ve pretty much gone as far as we can go,」 says anthropologist William Cameron Chumlea of Wright State University. In the case of NBA players, their increase in height appears to result from the increasingly common practice of recruiting players from all over the world.
Growth, which rarely continues beyond the age of 20, demands calories and nutrients – notably, protein – to feed expanding tissues. At the start of the 20th century, under-nutrition and childhood infections got in the way. But as diet and health improved, children and adolescents have, on average, increased in height by about an inch and a half every 20 years, a pattern known as the secular trend in height. Yet according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, average height – 5′9″ for men, 5′4″ for women – hasn』t really changed since 1960.
Genetically speaking, there are advantages to avoiding substantial height. During childbirth, larger babies have more difficulty passing through the birth canal. Moreover, even though humans have been upright for millions of years, our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain imposed by oversize limbs. 「There are some real constraints that are set by the genetic architecture of the indivial organism,」 says anthropologist William Leonard of Northwestern University.
Genetic maximums can change, but don』t expect this to happen soon. Claire C. Gordon, senior anthropologist at the Army Research Center in Natick, Mass., ensures that 90 percent of the uniforms and workstations fit recruits without alteration. She says that, unlike those for basketball, the length of military uniforms has not changed for some time. And if you need to predict human height in the near future to design a piece of equipment, Gordon says that by and large, 「you could use today』s data and feel fairly confident.」

5. 為何小國牙買加能盛產那麼多速度在行業內頂尖的運動員

飛人博爾特，就是牙買加的短跑運動員，男子100米、200米的世界紀錄保持者，三屆奧運會冠軍。女子田徑隊有短跑女王弗雷澤，還有足球界頂級運動員貝利。牙買加為什麼出了這么多頂級的速度型運動員，主要有這些原因。

第四，國家的支持。他們國家非常注重培養短跑選手，他們經常會舉行很多比賽來篩選出有能力的人。背景牙買加很懂得抓住自己的優勢，並且很好的發揮它。


有一些人認為牙買加人有如此的天賦與他們吃的有很大的關系。牙買加盛產山葯和一種叫「阿基果」的熱帶水果。長期食用增強肌肉和爆發力。

6. 牙買加運動員博爾特在2012年倫敦奧運會100米賽跑中的成績是9秒63；城市馬路上汽車的速度約為3

解答：博爾特的速度=100÷9.8≈10米/秒
汽車的速度=30千米/小時=30÷3.6=8.5米/秒
羚羊速度=20米/秒
所以速度羚羊最快，博爾特第二，城市上的汽車第三

7. 英語閱讀文章

小學英語英語閱讀

(一)
My name is Wang Ling. I『m a girl. I』m twelve. I』m in Class Three. Grade One, My nother and my father are teachers. Miss Gao is my English teacher. I think she is twenty – five. She is a good teacher. I like her.
( )1.Wang Ling is in Class Two, Grade One.
( )2.Her mother is a teacher.
( )3.Miss Gao is her Chinese teacher.
( )4.Miss Gao is twenty – five.
( )5.Wang Ling isn』t a boy.
(二)
Wu Dong has a good friend. His name is Peter. He is from the U.S.A Wu Dong and Peter are in the same class. They go to school five days a week. They stay at home on Sunday and Saturday. Peter likes China and Chinese food. He likes rice cakes very much. At school they play table tennis (乒乓球)after class.
Wu Dong and Peter likes making things. Now they are making a plane. They like flying planes on Sunday morning. Peter speaks English and a little Chinese. Wu Dong speaks Chinese and a little English. They teach each other. (互相)
（ ）1、Wu Dong has an American friend.
（ ）2、They go to school from Monday to Friday.
（ ）3、They often fly planes after class.
（ ）4、Wu Dong teaches Peter English and Peter teaches Wu Dong Chinese.
（ ）5、Peter often eats rice cakes because he likes eating them.

（三）
閱讀短文，判斷正誤（對的寫T, 錯的寫F）
This is Billy and his brother』s bedroom. It』s not very big, but it is tidy（整潔）.There are two beds in the room. There is a desk between（在……中間）the beds. There are some books on the desk. Some are English books. Some are Chinese books. There is a phone on the desk, too. There are two chairs beside the desk. One is for Billy, and the other（另一把）is for his brother. There is a map of America on the wall. There is a map of the world on the wall, too. Billy and his brother like their bedroom very much.
True or False:
( ) 1. The bedroom is small, and it』s clean.
( ) 2. There are two desks in the bedroom.
( ) 3. There are some Chinese books on the desk.
( ) 4. There are two maps on the wall.
( ) 5. There isn』t a phone in the bedroom.
( ) 6. The chairs are for Billy and his brother.

（四）
閱讀短文，判斷正誤。（對的寫T, 錯的寫F）
We have a two-month holiday every summer. It starts in July and ends in August. During(在…期間) this summer holiday. I went traveling out of Nanjing with Sue. She is my good friend. We went to Shanghai by boat. We had a good time there. My classmates were all at home. They did their homework and watched a lot of TV. They told me they didn』t like traveling.
（ ）1、The summer holiday starts in June and ends in August.
（ ）2、We took a boat to Shanghai.
（ ）3、We had a lot of fun in Shanghai.
（ ）4、My classmates stayed at home.
（ ）5、My classmates like traveling.
（五）
閱讀判斷正誤，正確的在括弧內填「T」，否則填「F」
Hi, everyone. Here is the weather report. It』s an interesting day today for weather around the country.
Look! It』s sunny in Beijing, but rainy in Jinan. It』s fine and cloudy in Qing. It』s raining in Shanghai. It』s warm in Guangzhou and Fuzhou. It』s cool in Xi』an and Shenyang .It』s cold in Harbin. It』s hot in Shenzhen and Hongkong.
That』s the weather report for today. Thank you for watching.
( )1、The radio is giving the weather report .
( )2、It』s fine in Beijing today.
( )3、You may play volleyball outside in Xi』an.
( )4、You can go to Shanghai today.
( )5、You can go to the park in Fuzhou.

（六）
閱讀判斷正誤，正確的在括弧內填「T」，否則填「F」
Mary is an American school girl. She is ten years old. Now she and her parents(父母) are in Shanghai. Her parents teach English in our school. They are very kind. Mary is a good pupil. She is good at math. She is clever. Now she can speak a little Chinese.
( ) 1 Mary is from America.
( ) Her father is a Chinese teacher.
( ) 3 Mary is in Shanghai now.
( ) 4 She isn』t good at math.
( ) 5 Mary can speak a lot of Chinese
（七）
閱讀判斷正誤，正確的在括弧內填「T」，否則填「F」
Wu Dong has a good friend. His name is Peter. He is from the U.S.A Wu Dong and Peter are in the same class. They go to school five days a week. They stay at home on Sunday and Saturday. Peter likes China and Chinese food. He likes rice cakes very much. At school they play table tennis (乒乓球)after class.

Wu Dong and Peter likes making things. Now they are making a plane. They like flying planes on Sunday morning. Peter speaks English and a little Chinese. Wu Dong speaks Chinese and a little English. They teach each other. (互相)
（ ）1、Wu Dong has an American friend.
（ ）2、They go to school from Monday to Friday.
（ ）3、They often fly planes after class.
（ ）4、Wu Dong teaches Peter English and Peter teaches Wu Dong Chinese.
（ ）5、Peter often eats rice cakes because he likes eating them.

（八）
I'm Fangfang.I live in a village. It's small but beautiful..
Look! That is my house. There are some trees near it. Behind the house
there's a big river. You can see some boats on the river. Many cks are
beside the boats. How lovely! Oh, many flowers are between the trees.
Let's get some to our teachers.
( )1.Fangfang's house is small.
( )2.There's a small river behind the house.
( )3.There are some boats on the river.
( )4.What lovely cks they are!
( )5.Some flowers between the trees are for our English teachers。

（九）
完型填空
Mrs. White__1__in a school. It is Sunday. She has__2__classes. At eight in the morning, she
__3__to a shop and buys a nice dress. She puts it in her bag and then buys__4__cakes for her children. At eleven she__5__home. She wants to put on her new dress, but she__6__find her bag. She calls the shop assistant (售貨員), 「Hello, Mrs. Black. This is Mrs. White. Can you help__7__ find my bag?__8__in your shop.」
「Of course, Mrs. White,」 says the assistant. 「We found three bags here. But which one is__9__?」
「I』m__10__,」 says Mrs. White, 」 I can tell you which one is mine.」
1. A. work B. works C. working D. study
2. A. not B. any C. some D. no
3. A. walks B. go C. walking D. walk
4. A. a piece B. a little C. some D. much
5. A. gets to B. gets C. get D. get to
6. A. can B. don』t C. can』t D. isn』t
7. A. I B. my C. mine D. me
8. A. It』s B. Its C. They』re D. He』s
9. A. you B. your C. mine D. yours
10. A. go B. come C. coming D. coming

（十）
完形填空
younger older of gray glasses
This is a picture ____ my grandmother. She is eighty years old.She has _____ hair and she wears ________ . She loves me very much and I love her very much,too.
WangLin is twelve years old,Jenny is twenty years old and Li Ming is fourteen years old. Wang Lin is ____ than Jenny. Jenny is ____ than Li Ming,but ____ than WangLin.

（十一）
判斷對（T）錯（F）
ZhangLin is a boy. He』s twelve years old. His English is very good.Because his mother is an English teacher. His favouriter clothes is a yellow shirt. It』s very nice. He likes to play foot ball with his friends. He always go to school by bus.On Sundays we offten play and study together. We are good friends.
1. Zhang Lin』s mother is a Chinese teacher. ( )
2. He likes a yellow shirt. ( )
3. He always goes to school by bike. ( )
4. Zhang Lin is twelve years old. ( )
5. He is my good friend. ( )

（十二）
介詞填空
to in of with at on far
1. Look ____ her hair.It』s red.
2. I live _____ China.
3. She goes to work_______ her bicycle.
4. They go _____ a walk after supper.
5. This is a picture _____ my family.
6. I like to play checkers______ my uncle.
7. Do you go to the gym ____ play badminton?

（十三）
閱讀選擇
Li Ming has two good friends from Canada. They are rose and Mike. Their country is very far from China.
They are in the same school,but they are not in the same class(班) .Li Ming and Rose are in Class One. They live in the same building. It is a little far from their school. They ride their bicycles to school and ride home together every day.
( )1.Where are Rose and Mike from?
A. The U.K. B.Canada C.Australia
( )2.Li Ming and Mike are _____.
A.in the same class B.not in the same school
C. not in the same class.
( )3.They live ______.
A. very far from their school B.near their school
C.in one building
4.They go to school and come home ____ every day.
A. by bicycle B.by bus C. by car

（十四）
閱讀判斷對（T）錯（F）
Hello，my name is Jimmy. I』m eleven . I am in Class Five,Grad (年級)Six.Now let me tell you some thing about my family. There are three people in my family. My father my mother and I .My father is a worker and my mother is a worker ,too.And they are both good workers, I am a good student. My father and mother love me very much. I love them very much,too. We have a new car. It』s green. I like it very much.
1.We have an old car. ( )
2.I』m in class six, Grand Five ( )
3.There are three people in my family. ( )
4.My father and mother are both worker. ( )
5.I don』t like our car. ( )

8. 國家養癌基因產生羊群效應，有兩只羊離群，牙買加的美元去養100米運動員基因，委內瑞拉美元養美女基因

田徑比賽短跑牙買加運動員成績好、世界選美大賽委內瑞拉奪冠多？這與癌症基因沒有關系啊。

9. 牙買加女飛人弗雷澤是黑人，身高只有160cm，100米能跑10.7秒，200米能跑20.5秒。

你跑多一點三百米提高自己的氣，還有考試前一定要壓開腿，我保證你一定跑個好成績的

10. 牙買加女飛人 奧娣

奧蒂，1960年10月5日出生，世界著名的女子短跑運動員，先後代表牙買加和斯洛維尼亞7次參加奧運版會（權從1980年莫斯科奧運會到2004年雅典奧運會），在女子100米、200米、4×100米接力中共獲得3枚奧運會銀牌，5枚奧運會銅牌。
雖然奧蒂7次征戰奧運會最終未能染指金牌，但其永不放棄，奮勇爭先的精神卻讓人們敬仰。