高考英語閱讀邏輯推理題

『壹』 如何做高考英語閱讀理解推斷題

根據近幾年高考英語推斷題的考查情況，本文擬就對隱含意義的推斷、作者觀點的推斷、寫作目的推斷以及材料出處的推斷等四種典型的推斷題類型進行分析。
一、如何推斷隱含意義
1.推斷隱含意義的提問方式 It can be inferred from the text that . according to…, we can infer that . From the text we know that …is most likely . When the writer talks about …, what the writer really means is . The writer suggests that . The story implies that . We can infer [conclude] from the passage that . 這類題干中通常常含有infer, suggest, imply, conclude, intend, purpose, be likely to…等標志性詞語。
2. 干擾項的設置特點 在通常情況下，這類試題的干擾項具有以下特點：或是文章中直接用於表達細節的信息，或是文章中無關緊要或片面推出的結論，或是與文章內容完全相反的結論，或是不合常理或不合邏輯的結論等。
3. 答題誤區 同學們在做類題目時，很容易誤選文段中直接用於表達信息的選項或表示片面結論的選項。
4. 技巧點撥 一是要全面分析所有相關信息，切忌片面思考，得出片面結論。二是要忠實原文，切忌脫離原文，憑空臆斷。三是注意不要選擇表層信息答案，應該立足由已知推斷未知。
5. 實例分析(江西卷)
A stronger argument comes from research into school results. Girls grow up earlier than boys, tend to be more orderly and are likely to be better at languages. In a mixed class, boys who might do well in a single-sex class become discouraged and take on the rule of troublemaker. Certainly in the UK this situation has greatly alarmed(驚動) the government for it to be encouraging co-ecational schools to have some single-sex classes. In the UK the best schools are all single-sex, strongly suggesting that co-ecation is not the best answer. This may, however, not be as simple as it looks. It may simply be that the famous old schools that attract the best students happen to be single-sex, rather than that being single-sex makes them better schools. ●At the end of the passage the writer suggests that ________. A. single-sex schools are the best schools in the UK B. being single-sex does not necessarily make a school better C. co-ecational schools are better for both sexes in personal development D. because boys cannot compete with girls in study, they go to single-sex schools
【解題思路分析】答案選 B。
作者在羅列In a mixed class, boys who might do well in a single-sex class become discouraged and take on the rule of troublemaker和In the UK the best schools are all single-sex等事實後，得出了It may simply be that the famous old schools that attract the best students happen to be single-sex, rather than that being single-sex makes them better schools這個結論。要做對上面這道題，正確理解文章末尾這句結論性的句子至關重要。這里尤其要注意句中的rather than這個關鍵性詞語，它的意思是「而不是」，用於否定或排除其後引出的內容。故只有選項B最合適。
二、如何推斷作者觀點
1. 提問方式 The writer』s attitude toward… is______. The writer thought that______. according to the author ______.
2. 干擾選項 此類試題的干擾項通常具有以下特點：或是自己的某種看法或觀點，或是社會的一種普遍種傾向，或是與本文無關或與作者相反的觀點或看法等。
3. 答題誤區 容易誤選與自己的看法相吻合的選項。
4. 技巧點撥 注意作者在文中的措辭，尤其是表達感情色彩的形容詞、副詞、動詞及所舉的例子，才能推斷出作者的弦外之音。
5. 實例分析(江西卷) Just as crying can be healthy, not crying—holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering—can be bad for physical(身體的) health. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like crying, don』t fight it. It』s a natural—and healthy—emotional response(反應). ●according to the author, which of the following statements is true? A. Crying is the best way to get help from others. B. Fighting back tears may cause some health problems. C. We will never know our deep feelings unless we cry. D. We must cry if we want to rece pressure.
【解題思路分析】答案選B。
作者在文章中說Studies show that too much control can lead to high blood press, heart problems and other illnesses，即過多地忍住情感(如忍住不哭等)有可能會導致健康問題。

『貳』 如何區分高考英語細節題與推理題

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5．圖表圖畫題
在有圖表圖畫的閱讀理解中，有的圖表圖畫出現在閱讀理解文章中，有的出現在選項中，這些圖片的出現增加了試題的直觀性，同時也暗含著和文章內容相關的信息。在解答此類試題的時候，一定要把握圖表圖畫所暗含的信息，特別是有些事實是通過圖表圖畫來敘述的，我們可以採用按圖尋找正確答案的方法。

eg：The chart shows that from 2005 to 2008， ．
A．the percentage of the Spanish families with a computer rose 35 points B．the percentage of the White families with a computer remained unchanged C．the number of the Black families with a computer was on the decrease
D．the number of the Asian families with a computer showed the sharpest increase 【易錯點、易混點歸納】
細節理解題是閱讀理解的主要題型，在近幾年高考閱讀題中佔到60%～70%。針對這一題型，信息錯位是考生經濟犯的毛病。問題在於考生在緊張的考試過程中閱讀不細，未找准題目所依據的事實。另外，長句難句也是閱讀理解的一大障礙，考生對某些長句難句理解不透徹，造成歧義。再者，考生沒有對干擾項回原文進行驗證。因此，了解細節題干擾項的特點也有助於考生提高答題的正確率。一般情況下，干擾項有如下幾個特點：
1．文不對題：選項中的描述與原文完全一致，確屬原文信息，但不是題目要求的內容；
2．主觀臆斷：選項內容是根據主觀想像或推測得出的結論，符合常識，但不符合文章內容；
3．偷換概念：把原來做某事的「張三」換成「李四」，所述細節確實與原文一致，一不小心就會誤選。
4．將原文內容擴大或縮小：與原文的內容極其相似，只是在范圍或程度上有些變動； 5．無中生有：在意思上與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反； 6．選項內容部分正確，部分錯誤。 【應對方法】 1．「逆向法」。先讀題乾和四個選項，再根據內容篩選、提取有用信息。讀題的時候，要抓住題干中的關鍵詞，然後帶著關鍵詞仔細閱讀文章相關內容。
2．「排除法」。排除選項時，注意與原文的異同，特別注意中心詞的限定語，如名詞的定語、動詞狀語等是否與原文一致，選項中的動詞時態是否與原文一致。
3．對長句難句的處理鷲分析句子結構，明確主體成分，剔隊長細枝末節。

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推理判斷題
1．細節推理題
抓住某一段話中的關鍵信息，即某些關鍵詞或短語去分析、推理、判斷、結合上下文或上下句推斷出這句話所隱含的深層含義。在推斷中，我們要嚴格依據作者所陳述的細節、事實，找出能夠表露作者思想傾向和感情色彩的詞語，然後利用自己已獲得的相關知識進行推理判斷，從而得出符合邏輯的結論。
（1）When she looked ahead，florence Chadwick saw nothing but a solid wall of fog．Her body was numb．She had been swimming for nearly sixteen hours．Already she was the first woman to swim across the English Channel in both directions．Now at the age of 34，her goal was to become the first woman to swim from Catalina to the California coast．
On that fourth of July morning 1952，the sea was like an ice bath and the fog was so dense．She could hardly see her support boats．Sharks cruised toward her figure，only to be driven away by rifle shots．Against the frigid grip of the sea，she struggled on，hour after hour，while millions watched on national television．
Alongside Flrence in one of the boats，her mother and her trainer offered encouragement．They told her it wasn』t much farther．But all she could see was fog．They urged her not to quit．She never had…until then．With only a half mile to go，she asked to be pulled out．
What does「she never had …」in the third paragraph mean？
A．She had never been so desperate． B．She had never thought of giving it up．
C．She had never seen such thick fog． D．She had never swum across the strait before． （2）Decision-thinking is not unlike poker—it often matters not only what you think，but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think．The mental process（過程）is similar．Naturally，this card game has often been of considerable interest to people who are，by any standards，good thinkers．
The great mathematician John von Neumann was one of the founders of game theory．In particular，he showed that all games fall into two classes；there are what he called games of「perfect information」，games like chess where the players can』t hide anything or play tricks；they don』t win by chance，but by means of logic and skills．Then there are games of「imperfect information」，like poker，in which it is impossible to know in advance that one course of action is better than another．
One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information．Quite the reverse，business，politics，life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information．Business decisions are often made with many unknown and unknowable factors（因素），which would ever puzzle best poker players．But few business people find it comfortable to admit that they are taking a chance，and many still prefer to believe that they are playing chess，not poker．
An important factor in a game of imperfect information is ． A．rules B．luck C．time D．ideas 2．推測文章的觀點或結論

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推測文章的觀點或結論的語言表達形式有：
（1）It can be inferred from the passage that ．
（2）What conclusion can be drawn from the passage？ （3）From the passage we can conclude that ．
這類問題問的不一定是全文的中心思想或作者的全部觀點，而可能只是文章中的某一觀點。但要推測出文中的某一觀點，仍離不開對全文主要觀點或中心思想的把握。

『叄』 英語閱讀里的推理題遵循的是什麼樣的邏輯

邏輯推理解題技巧 邏輯推理題主要考查的是應試者的邏輯推理能力。這種題型是在每道題中給出一段陳述，而這段陳述被假設是正確的，不容置疑的。請應試者根據這段陳述從備選答案中選出一個能夠從陳述中直接推出的結論。 邏輯推理題涉及自然和社會生活的各個領域，強調對邏輯關系的正確把握，考察應試者對各種信息的理解、分析、綜合、判斷、推理等思維能力，題目雖有一定的難度，但考生應注意的是，這部分並不專門考察邏輯學及各個領域的專門知識，其面對所有考生，堅持「一視同仁」原則，考查的只是考生的一種基本的邏輯思維能力。聚考網根據歷年考試經驗總結出了解答邏輯推理題的五個原則，希望考生對提高邏輯推理題解題技巧有幫助。 1. 問題先於題干原則。 先看問題再讀題干陳述，邏輯判斷題根據題目中問法的不同可以分成幾大類，因此，閱讀題干前先看問題，根據問題判斷屬於哪一類題型，再帶著問題閱讀題干陳述部分可以很快理清思路，找出正確答案。 2. 緊扣題干答題原則。 題目陳述部分是整個題目的精髓所在，應堅持緊扣題干答題原則，不可隨意加入個人的主觀臆斷。因為邏輯判斷題其前提與結論之間有著必然的聯系，結論決不能超出前提所規定的范圍。因此，應試者在答題的時候，必須嚴格按照題目給出的陳述假設來進行推理，不能因覺得給出的陳述假設不太合乎常理，或與自己已有的知識、經驗有偏差而忽視題目中所陳述的事實，並隨意摻入個人的看法和觀點，這樣的話很容易選錯答案。 3. 題干前提為主原則。 當試題的備選項具有很強的迷惑性，每個選項看起來都有道理，令應試者很難做答時，應試者應堅持「題干前提為主」的原則，選項看起來有道理並不等於與題目給出的前提陳述直接相關，正確的選項應該從前提陳述直接推出，當某個選項的論述是正確的，但不能從短文陳述中直接推導出來時，應排除這個選項。 4. 化繁為簡原則。 在遇到比較復雜的判斷推理題的時候，可以把需要推理的內容藉助符號、圖形、表格等形式直觀化，可以幫助應試者快速、准確進行選擇。例如：做三段論題型時用畫圈的方法（即歐拉圖）；做關系推理題時可以畫表格等。 5. 巧用方法原則。 要根據題目的特點，充分利用解答選擇題常用的方法——排除法、代入法。因為利用這兩種方法很多時候都無須讓推理進行到底，很多情況下在推理的過程中就已經排除掉了三項，這樣在幫助考生選擇出正確答案的同時也節省了很多時間。另外，當邏輯判斷涉及數學問題時，思路要拓寬，要敢於借用數學方法（例如：計演算法）來解題，不要認為邏輯判斷題就不能用數學方法來解題。

『肆』 求高中英語閱讀理解的專項練習題，比如：主旨大意題，細節題，推理題，文章結構題等，謝謝

那要看你是哪個地區的考生了，自己子啊網上一搜高考試題，全出來了。可以自己挑選需要的。

『伍』 急需適合高中生的英語閱讀理解題。

A traveller was once staying in a village of another country. One day, she held uo her camera to take pictures of the children at paly. Suddenly the young ones began to shout in protest.
The traveller』 face turned red and she said she was sorry to the leader for what she was doing, and told him she had forgotten that people in some places thought a peraon would lose his soul if his picture were taken. She explained to him the operation of a camera for a long time. Several times the leader tried to say something, but he couldn』t.
When she was sure she had put the leader』s fear to reat, the traveller then let him speak. With a smile, he said,」The children were trying to tell you that you forgot to take off the lens cap!」
1. The children shouted when the traveller was taking pictures of them because ______.
A. they didn』t want to have their pictures taken
B. the traveller was not operating her camera well
C. they didn』t want to stop playing
D. the traveller forgot to take off the cap on her head
2.The traveller said that she was sorry to the leader because ______.
A. she thought it was not right to take people』s pictures without telling them beforehand
B .the children would lose their souls
C. she had stayed in the village too long
D. she didn』t take a picture of the leader first
3. The traveller explained to the leader how to use a camera because ______.
A. the leader wanted to learn how to take pictures
B. she was afraid of the leader
C. she wanted the leader not to worry about what she was doing
D. the leader was very interested in her camera
4. When the head smiled, it was clear that ______.
A. the traveller didn』t let him speak
B. the children wanted to play with her
C. he wanted the traveller to tell him something else
D. the traveller didn』t know what the children meant
5. Which of the following is not true?
A. The leader was afraid that the traveller』s camera would hurt the children.
B. The traveller didn』t understand why the children shouted.
C. The traveller knew something about people in some countries.
D. The children wouldn』t mind if the traveller took pictures of them.

A

It was Sunday. Mrs. Read got up early in the morning. She had some housework to do. After breakfast she had a look at the watch and found it didn』t work. She bought it ten years ago, so she wanted to buy a new one. Her daughter Sue was only four. Her husband was busy with his work that day and nobody looked after the girl, she couldn』t leave her at home. So she took Sue to the nearest shop in the town.

It was fine that day and there were a lot of people in the shop. Mrs. Read and her daughter went upstairs and they got to the third floor and she began to pick a watch there. But when she bought one, she couldn』t find Sue. She ran to the manager』s office and asked for help. Mr. King began to go up and down to look for the little girl with her.

Suddenly the woman heard someone calling, 「Kate」 She found it was her daughter. How happy she and the girl were!

「Whose name did you call, dear?」 asked the woman.

「Yours.」

「Why not call 『Mother?』」

「There are lots of mothers in the shop,」 said the girl. 「Which mother answered me?」

( ) 1. Mrs. Read got up early to ______ that Sunday.

A. buy a new watch B. do some housework

C. helped her husband D. take her daughter to the shop

( ) 2. Mrs. Read went to the nearest shop because ______.

A. she hoped to go back soon B. she know the manager there

C. the things were cheap there D. she was too tired to go further

( ) 3. Sue left her mother _______.

A. when they went to the shop B. when they reached the shop

C. when Mrs. Read was picking a watch D. when they came out of the shop

( ) 4. What was the woman』s name?

A. Her name was Kate Read B. Her name was Sue Read

C. Her name was Kate King D. Her name was Sue King

( ) 5. The girl called her mother』s name because ______.

A. she didn』t like her B. she couldn』t find her

C. she didn』t know where she was D. she could easily find her

B

Many years ago, in a small town, there lived a doctor. He was good and kind. At any time of day and night, he was always ready to go and help sick people. Everyone in the town liked him and people always went to him when they were sick.

But many years went past and the doctor became old. He began to lose memory. This made him do foolish things sometimes. When people noticed this, they didn』t go to him any more.

「He may give us the wrong medicine,」 they said and they were afraid.

「Why does no one come to see me now?」 he wondered. But no one wanted to tell him because they didn』t want to hurt the good old man, so they said 「You have cured all the sick people in the town. There is no one sick now.」 The doctor was pleased when he heard that and they went away happily.

( ) 1. The doctor lived _______.

A. in a city B. in a village C. in a hospital D. in a town

( ) 2. People didn』t go to the doctor any more because ______.

A. he might give them wrong medicine B. he didn』t want to see them

C. they were afraid of him D. he didn』t want to cure them

( ) 3. When the doctor heard what people said, he _______.

A. was worried B. was pleased C. was surprised D. was sorry

( ) 4. The doctor _______.

A. was not kind to the sick people B. believed what the people told him

C. always gave the sick wrong medicine D. was quite foolish

( ) 5. Why didn』t people tell the truth to the doctor?

A. Because they didn』t need to tell him the truth.

B. Because the doctor didn』t like to listen to them.

C. Because they didn』t want to hurt the old doctor.

D. Because they were angry with the doctor.

『陸』 英文邏輯推理題

不知道你想要什麼類型的。。。。我有幾篇閱讀的推理題
1. Nearly one in three subscribers to Financial Forecaster is a millionaire, and over half are in top management. Shouldn』t you subscribe to Financial Forecaster now?A reader who is neither a millionaire nor in top management would be most likely to act in accordance with the advertisement』s suggestion if he or she drew which of the following questionable conclusions invited by the advertisement?
(A) Among finance-related periodicals. Financial Forecaster provides the most detailed financial information.
(B) Top managers cannot do their jobs properly without reading Financial Forecaster.
(C) The advertisement is placed where those who will be likely to read it are millionaires.
(D) The subscribers mentioned were helped to become millionaires or join top management by reading Financial Forecaster.
(E) Only those who will in fact become millionaires, or at least top managers, will read the advertisement.

Questions 2-3 are based on the following.
Contrary to the charges made by some of its opponents, the provisions of the new deficit-rection law for indiscriminate cuts in the federal budget are justified. Opponents should remember that the New Deal pulled this country out of great economic troubles even though some of its programs were later found to be unconstitutional.
2. The author』s method of attacking the charges of certain opponents of the new deficit-rection law is to
(A) attack the character of the opponents rather than their claim
(B) imply an analogy between the law and some New Deal programs
(C) point out that the opponents』 claims imply a dilemma
(D) show that the opponents』 reasoning leads to an absurd conclusion
(E) show that the New Deal also called for indiscriminate cuts in the federal budget
3. The opponents could effectively defend their position against the author』s strategy by pointing out that
(A) the expertise of those opposing the law is outstanding
(B) the lack of justification for the new law does not imply that those who drew it up were either inept or immoral
(C) the practical application of the new law will not entail indiscriminate budget cuts
(D) economic troubles present at the time of the New Deal were equal in severity to those that have led to the present law
(E) the fact that certain flawed programs or laws have improved the economy does not prove that every such program can do so

4. In Millington, a city of 50,000 people, Mercedes Pedrosa, a realtor, calculated that a family with Millington』s median family income, $28,000 a year, could afford to buy Millington』s median-priced $77,000 house. This calculation was based on an 11.2 percent mortgage interest rate and on the realtor』s assumption that a family could only afford to pay up to 25 percent of its income for housing.
Which of the following corrections of a figure appearing in the passage above, if it were the only correction that needed to be made, would yield a new calculation showing that even incomes below the median family income would enable families in Millington to afford Millington』s median-priced house?
(A) Millington』s total population was 45,000 people.
(B) Millington』s median annual family income was $27,000.
(C) Millington』s median-priced house cost $80,000.
(D) The rate at which people in Millington had to pay mortgage interest was only 10 percent.
(E) Families in Millington could only afford to pay up to 22 percent of their annual income for housing.

5. Psychological research indicates that college hockey and football players are more quickly moved to hostility and aggression than are college athletes in noncontact sports such as swimming. But the researchers』 conclusion—that contact sports encourage and teach participants to be hostile and aggressive—is untenable. The football and hockey players were probably more hostile and aggressive to start with than the swimmers.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion drawn by the psychological researchers?
(A) The football and hockey players became more hostile and aggressive ring the season and remained so ring the off-season, whereas there was no increase in aggressiveness among the swimmers.
(B) The football and hockey players, but not the swimmers, were aware at the start of the experiment that they were being tested for aggressiveness.
(C) The same psychological research indicated that the football and hockey players had a great respect for cooperation and team play, whereas the swimmers were most concerned with excelling as indivial competitors.
(D) The research studies were designed to include no college athletes who participated in both contact and noncontact sports
(E) Throughout the United States, more incidents of fan violence occur at baseball games than occur at hockey or football games.

另外多說一句 四六級不考邏輯題。。。。不知道你要這干什麼

1. D 2. B 3. E 4. D 5. A

『柒』 英語閱讀理解推斷題

不要鑽牛角尖，放開思維，大膽去想
一、閱讀英文文章的技巧
1、擴大閱讀視野
所謂閱讀視野是指眼睛在「凝視」的瞬間所能接收或覆蓋的印刷符號。普通讀者眼睛停頓時可接收兩個英語單詞，閱讀能力強的讀者一眼可以看四個左右的單詞，但能力差的讀者一眼只能接收一個或者不到一個的單詞。因此，在相等的閱讀時間里，視野狹窄的讀者所看到的單詞要少得多，如果再經常復視，讀速肯定快不了。
我們閱讀時應該特別注意詞的整體性，要把注意力放在句子中較大的單位上，而不要放在一個個孤立的單詞上。例如，下面的句子可以分成三個詞群，Most paragraphs/ have a topic sentence/ which expresses the central idea.我們不妨將它們作為三個相對獨立的整體看待，閱讀時，眼睛只要停頓三次而不是十次。
2、用英語思考
在閱讀時，不必把英文翻譯成中文，否則將大大地降低閱讀速度，從而影響對閱讀材料的全面理解。
3、注意預讀
預讀是每個讀者必須掌握的一項基本閱讀技巧。在我們正式閱讀一本書之前，首先應該通過預讀粗略地估計一下該書寫的是什麼內容。書籍預讀主要包括以下七個方面(1)思考標題的含義(2)速讀作者姓名與書籍出版日期(3)看看封面或書中的照片或插圖(4)速讀目錄內容(5)瀏覽索引或附錄(6)速讀作者簡介以及前言(7)瀏覽書尾的參考書目。
短篇文章預讀要相對地簡單一些。它主要包括閱讀標題、作者姓名以及照片和插圖。有些讀者不知道預讀的重要性，或者覺得它是浪費時間。特別是在做閱讀與理解測試題時，時間一緊，他們就忽略預讀，捧起文章就埋頭看正文。由於跳過了預讀這一重要環節，他們的閱讀在相當長的時間內是在盲目的探索中進行的。
4、增強猜詞能力

『捌』 高中英語閱讀理解的細節推斷題怎麼做

在讀文章前半段的時候就要盡可能的理解文章，然後才具備一定的能力去推斷，千萬不要忽視前半段的內容。