英語主題閱讀研究
一、初中生英語寫作中存在的問題
英語學習對於很大一部分學生來說是一件頭痛的事情，更別提考驗綜合能力的寫作了。英語寫作能力涉及到學生對詞彙、語法、邏輯等諸多方面的掌握程度。我們中國以漢語為母語，缺乏學習英語的環境，所以學生在英語寫作中存在眾多問題。
1. 詞彙量少，單詞拼寫錯誤
很多初中生在進行英語寫作時感覺困難，主要是因為他們沒有積累足夠的英語單詞、短語和句子，對於同一個漢語所對應的英語表達所知甚少。尤其在考試當中，由於受時間、心態等因素的影響，很多學生在作文中寫不出重點單詞，甚至熟悉的單詞也會寫錯。比如interesting, beautiful, difficult, believe等平時經常用到的詞彙，在考試作文中也常常會被寫錯。
2. 語法錯誤多，出現中式英語
語法錯誤在英語寫作中比較常見，源於學生對其掌握不夠牢固。再由於學生寫作時受母語影響嚴重，習慣了用漢語的思維來寫英語作文，所以在寫作時不注意人稱、時態的一致性，經常出現中式英語。例如：My father usually go to work by bike. (本應為My father usually goes to work by bike.); I very missmy grandmother. (本應為I miss my grandfather very much.)
3. 缺少過渡詞，行文不流暢
很多學生的作文通常是由眾多Ilike ---, I don』t like ---, It』s interesting---, It』s boring--- 等類似的、單一的句子拼湊而成，缺少過渡詞，文章不流暢，讓作文審閱者倍感疲乏，學生的作文分數也大打折扣。
4. 書寫不規范，卷面不整潔
寫作注重的是文章的整體結構，書寫規不規范，卷面整不整潔，直接影響到文章的好壞。在平時的寫作中，學生不嚴格遵守英語寫作格式規范，比如句子首字母未大寫，英語標點符號使用不準確，整篇文章段落分層不合理。還有些學生想到什麼寫什麼，寫錯了就在原文上塗改，反復的修改使得卷面潦草凌亂，不整潔。
二、提高初中生英語寫作的方法
為了更好地提高初中生的英語寫作水平，培養其良好的寫作習慣，提高其寫作質量，讓學生樂於寫作，本文將介紹以下幾種方法：
1.擴大詞彙量
萬丈高樓平地起。足夠的詞彙量是學生進行課文理解，課外閱讀和英語寫作的基礎。在平時的英語教學中，教師要求學生堅持對每一單元的單詞、短語、重點句型進行聽寫，並且根據遺忘規則，循環記憶。教師還要善於指導學生將所學的單詞進行總結歸類，使學生在融會貫通之間掌握更為豐富的單詞儲備。
例如：在表達「喜歡」涵義時，可採用以下表達：I like---, I love---, I enjoy---, My favorite---.
2. 指導學生寫作，讓學生明白怎樣寫
如果說積累豐富的英語詞彙是英語寫作的前提，那麼，掌握一定的寫作技巧是英語寫作的根本。平時，筆者指導學生按照「審---抓---連---擴---改---抄」六步法進行寫作。「審」就是審題，確定文體類型，人稱和時態。「抓」即抓要點，包括寫作內容，要求，時間，地點，人物等。「連」即將重點詞彙連成句子。「擴」即將句子擴展成文，並用適當的過渡詞將句子連貫起來，使之成為一篇較為完整的文章。「改」是六步法中重要的一步，即「查錯改錯」，檢查文中單詞、時態、人稱是否正確，主謂是否一致，要點是否全面，是否符合英語表達習慣。最後一步就是「抄」，在草稿本上完成之前五步後，將文章工整地謄寫到作業本或試卷上，並注意書寫規范，卷面整潔。
3. 勤於練習
對於英語學習者來說，多聽不如多說，多說不如多寫。要想提高英語寫作能力，勤於寫作時必不可少的。筆者要求學生每天用英語寫四個句子，即「每日四句」，內容不限，可以是學生自己的所見所聞，也可以利用某一語法結構造句，教師及時給學生批閱。長期堅持下來，學生的英語寫作確實有所提高，所學的語法知識也能夠靈活運用。除了練習英語句子，筆者還要求學生每周寫一篇英語作文，並適時地教給他們一些過渡詞。例如，在表達觀點或提出建議時，可用first of all, next, then, finally等詞，條理清晰，簡單明了；表達轉折關系時，可用but, however；表達因果關系時，可用so,therefore, as a result 等；總結時可用in a word, as is known to all 等過渡詞。所用過渡詞對整篇文章具有承上啟下的作用，使行文流暢。
4. 採用多種方法批改學生作文
文章不厭百回改。教師對學生的習作進行修改，從而能使學生的習作水平得到大幅度提升。筆者通常採用以下方式批改學生作文：第一，課後統一收齊作文本批改。這種方式大大節約了課堂時間，同時，老師還可以在作文本上寫上適當的批語。比如Well, your handwriting is very beautiful,but would you please pay attention to some words mistakes? You have made great progressin writing. Please keep working.等等類似的句子經常出現在學生的作文本上，激勵學生寫作，使學生變「要我寫」為「我要寫」，轉「我要寫」為「我樂寫」。第二，當面批改。一邊批改，一邊給學生講評。這樣可以使學生更加全面地了解自己在寫作中存在的問題，明白該如何改進和提升。第三，學生互評。學生以小組為單位，對組員的習作互相評論，集合眾人的觀點來彌補自己的不足。教師適時把優秀的作文當作範文讓學生來模仿寫作，既激發了學生的寫作興趣，也增加了他們的成就感。
三、結束語
Rome is not built in one day. 高水準的寫作能力不是短時間可以練成的，它是長期積累形成的自然而然的結果。教師在開展寫作教學活動的時候，需要強化寫作教學觀念，注重對學生的寫作引導，講解正確的寫作方法，注重習作的講評結合，激發學生的寫作興趣。學生在學習過程中，積極配合教師指導，廣泛閱讀，勤於練筆。千里之行，始於足下，長期積累，優美的文章便會信手捏來。
希望能幫助到你，望採納！
㈡ 閱讀一篇英語時文 從中拓展出一個寫作主題，用英語進行分析和討論。 這個題目應該如何作答
提高寫作水平，路徑很多，最重要的一點就是能吃得下苦。因為空想形成不了文章，只有努力去學，努力去寫，掌握了規律和技巧，寫作水平自然也就提高了。
一是勤觀察、多思考。每一篇文章都是現實生活的反映，不管是寫一個人、一件事還是一種景物，都離不開現實生活這個模板。漢朝司馬遷曾經說過：讀萬卷書，行萬里路。這里的「行萬里路」，指的就是指要從多方面觀察和感受生活。要多參加社會活動，在活動中仔細觀察身邊的人和事，把主要特徵牢記於心。要多聽別人對一件事情的議論或者評論，記錄話語中的感受和感悟。同時，要把所看到、聽到的生活片斷進行深入的思考，真正了解事件的表現形式、深刻意義、本質特徵，加以感情修飾，切實掌握寫作的第一手資料。
二是勤讀書、多積累。讀書破萬卷，下筆猶有神。文學作品之所以能流傳下來，都是有一定哲理在裡面，有一定的道理在裡面，有一定的生活經驗在裡面，這些哲理、道理、經驗是我們寫作時可以借鑒的。讀書並不是什麼書都去認真來讀，有的書可以當作範文，學一些對事物的描寫、對人物的刻畫，使自己獲得多方面的營養。有的書就需要仔細的讀，深入的推敲，學一些主題的表現、結構的安排、語言的運用，獲得好的寫作方法和技巧。書讀得多了，詞彙量就大了，寫作技巧自然也就成熟了。也就是說，積累的量到了一定程度，就可以發生一些質的變化。
三是勤練筆、多模寫。文章是寫出來的，不是想出來的。剛開始多寫，比寫得好更重要。養成堅持不懈的習慣和見事拿筆的這種行動力，比你的靈感創意都要重要。不是有了很多靈感才下筆，而是開始寫了你就會來很多靈感。比如說寫一首詩，它是講究平仄格律的，還需要押韻、對仗等等要求，可以拿來一首詩，把其中的詞語換成另一個詞來表達，天空換成蒼穹、飄盪換成飄舞、綠換成翠、艷換成俏，剛開始可能很別扭，寫的多了，就會習慣了，也就掌握竅門了。當然模寫不是照抄，也不能沉醉於模仿，在模寫的基礎上，注入自己的寫作思路，文章框架，詞彙表達等等。經常進行認真的寫，逐漸摸索出文章的「思路」和「機關」，時間長了，自己的寫作水平也就提高了。
希望我的回答能給予一點啟示。
㈢ 《英語主題閱讀精粹（初中基礎版》 上海市學生英文報
The umbrella man
One day, Jack's wife was cleaning the closet.
"Look at these umbrellas," Jack's wife said to him, "here are eight umbrellas and are bad."
"I will bring them to the umbrella shop," Jack said, "theyare so new, you lose more than a pity."
Jack took the eight umbrellas to the umbrella shop and leave them there. "They will be ready tomorrow," said the clerk.
At night he sat as usual bus home from the office. He sat next to an old woman. There is an umbrella beside her.
When the bus arrived, he picked up her umbrella and stood up.
"Hey!" The woman said. "That is my umbrella."
"Sorry," Jack said, handing her umbrella. "I did not think.Please forgive me.
The very next day he retrieved from umbrella umbrella shop and got on the train. When he sat down, a voice from the sound behind him: "you are very successfultoday!"
He turned and saw the woman took the umbrellayesterday. She thought he was an umbrella man.
偷傘的人
一天，傑克的妻子正在清掃壁櫥。
「看這些雨傘，」傑克的妻子對他說，「這里有八把傘而且都壞了。」
「我會把它們帶到雨傘店去修，」傑克說，「他們還那麼新，丟掉多可惜。」
傑克把八把傘帶到雨傘店裡然後把它們留在那裡。「它們明天就能修好，」店員說。
晚上他像往常一樣坐公共汽車從辦公室回家。他坐在一個老女人旁邊。她的旁邊有一把傘。
當公共汽車到站時，他撿起她的傘然後站了起來。
「哎！」那個女人說。「那是我的傘。」
「實在對不起，」傑克說，把雨傘遞給她。「我沒有多想。請原諒我。」
第二天他從雨傘店取回雨傘然後坐上了車。 當他坐下時，一個聲音從他身後響起：「你今天很成功啊！」
他轉過身看到了那個昨天拿傘的那個女人。 她想他是一個偷傘的人。
㈣ 求英語主題閱讀粹選 翻譯
近日，科學期刊《柳葉刀》進行了一項全球研究，其中包括來自122個國家的調查結果，列出了世界上最不愛運動國家的排行榜。而英國位列第八。
如今，英國四處洋溢著2012倫敦奧運會的狂熱氣息。而在某科學雜志評選出的"世界上最不愛運動國家排行榜"，英國卻名列第八。
Brits the length and breadth of the country are currently gripped by London 2012 Olympic fever.
如今，英國四處洋溢著2012倫敦奧運會的狂熱氣息。
While many of us are hugely inspired by the phenomenal achievements of the athletes, the sad reality is that only a minority of us share the same enthusiasm for being active.
當我們許多人因為運動員的傑出成就受到極大鼓舞時，殘酷的現實卻是：僅有少數人與他們一樣擁有運動的熱情。
Scientific journal The Lancet has carried out a global study, including results from 122 countries, to establish which nations are the laziest.
科學期刊《柳葉刀》進行了一項全球研究，其中包括來自122個國家的調查結果，列出了世界上最不愛運動國家的排行榜。
The UK, it found was one of the most inactive countries, with a staggering 63.3% of the population being inactive. It was ranked eighth laziest country in the world.
研究發現，英國是最不愛運動的國家之一，居然有63.3%的人口不愛運動，位列排行榜第八。
The UK was put to shame when compared with its US friends. The study found just over 40 per cent of those in North America were inactive, putting it in the 46th spot.
當與他的好朋友美國比較時，英國應當感到羞愧。調查顯示只有40%多的北美居民不愛運動，處於第46位。
Meanwhile, Greece was labelled the least lazy nation in the study. Only 15% of the population of the balmy Mediterranean country, which also boasts one of the world`s healthiest diets, was classed as inactive.
同時，希臘是研究中最愛運動的國家。這個氣候宜人的地中海國家只有15%的人口被歸為不愛運動，他們同時也享受著世界上最健康的飲食。
Overall, women rated lower than men in the study. The highest percentage of inactive women was found in countries where they find it difficult to find employment e to social constraints, such as Saudi Arabia, which ranked third least active country.
總的來說，此項研究中，女人比男人更缺乏活力。不愛運動女人的最高比率出現在婦女失業率高的國家，比如位列第三的沙烏地阿拉伯。
Of the countries surveyed almost one third of their population is considered inactive.
調查的國家中基本上都有三分之一的人群不愛運動。
And 80 per cent of adolescents rated as below the standards.
而且80%的青少年低於標准。
The results of the study, the researchers said, are being release to coincide with the Olympic Games to help spur lazy members of the public to choose to lead more active lives.
研究者說，公布調查的結果是為了與奧運會相呼應，幫助激勵群眾中的懶惰分子選擇更有活力的生活。
The researchers point out that lack of exercise is now a leading cause of death and a third of people across the world do not meet the minimum activity recommendations, which is generally about 2.5 hours of moderate activity per week.
研究者指出，現在缺乏鍛煉是死亡的主要原因，世界上三分之一的人口沒有達到最低運動量推薦標准，也就是每星期一共適度運動2.5個小時。
They hope that the timing of the series, along with Olympic excitement, will give people a push into more physical action.
他們在奧運會激情四溢之時推出這個榜單，希望能促使人們參與到更多的體育運動中去。
㈤ 求英語的閱讀20篇小短文並寫出主題思想，急需！！！
20篇文字太多,有字數限制,沒方法了
1,The Earth——Our Mother
Pcople often say that the earth is like our mother. She gives life to all the living things on the earth and provides us with air, food, water and other essential things we need for living.
Once she was beautifhl and rich, but now she becomes dirtier and dirtier, poorer and poorer. It is e to what we have done to her. Please have a good look at her: polluted rivers and lakes, growing deserts, the destruction of the forests and wild life, and the depletion of the ozone layer…
Can she bear to see her children putting the waste here and there? Can she bear too see her children cutting down the trees and destroying the grassland, to see the acid rain destroying everything? Can we bear to see our mother suffering so much? Isn' it time for us to ask ourselves whether this is the way to treat our mother?
Floods, draughts, acid rain…,these are the punishments from nature. Everyone should know that there is only one earth, lfwe go on treating her like this, it won' t be fit for us to live in any longer. It' s time for us to love her, take good care of her and cure her. We should save the earth so as to save ourselves.
地球——我們的母親
人們經常說地球就像我們的母親.她給了地球上所有生物生命,給我們提供生活所必需的空氣、食物、水和一切基本的需要.
曾經她美麗富饒,而現在她變得越來越臟,越來越貧脊,那都是我們造成的.請好好看一看她：受污染的江河湖海、擴張的沙漠、森林和野生生物的毀滅、臭氧層的耗盡……
她能忍受她的孩子到處亂扔廢棄物嗎?她能忍受她的孩子砍伐樹木、毀壞草原,讓酸雨毀滅一切嗎?我們能忍受她遭受這樣的痛苦嗎?我們該問問我們自己,這就是我們對待母親的方式嗎?
洪水、乾旱、酸雨……這些都是自然對我們的懲罰.每個人都應該清楚人類只有一個地球.如果我們繼續這樣對待她,她將不再適合我們居住了.是該我們好好愛她、照顧她、治療她的時候了.我們應該拯救地球,以便拯救我們自己.
2.My favourite teacher is Miss Huang. She is a beautiful lady. She has two big eyes, a high nose and a little red mouth. There is always a smile on her face.
Miss Huang likes singing and collecting posters. She is good at playing the piano. In the evening, she always sits in front of the piano and plays nice music. She is good at dancing, too. Sometimes she teaches us dancing.
Miss Huang likes dogs very much because the dog is very friendly and cute. Her favourite color is blue. Because blue is the color of the sky and the sea.
This is my favourite teacher. Our classmates all like her very much.
我最喜歡的老師是黃老師.她是一位漂亮的女性.她有兩只大大的眼睛,一個高高的鼻子和一張小小的紅唇.她的臉上總帶著笑容.
黃老師喜歡唱歌和收集海報.她鋼琴彈得很好.晚上,她常常坐在鋼琴前彈奏優美的樂曲.黃老師跳舞也很棒.有時她也會教我們跳舞.
黃老師非常喜歡狗,因為狗很友好也很可愛.黃老師最喜歡的顏色是藍色,因為藍色是天空和海的顏色.
這就是我喜歡的老師.我們班的同學都非常喜歡她.
3A Letter to Haiqing
Dear Haiqing,
I am very sorry to learn that you are unhappy now. But I don' t think you should be unhappy.
I know that your iamily is not rich. So your parents can' t afford to buy you something of famous brands, which makes you unhappy. But they have sent you to school so that you can receive good ecation and have abreght future. This is not easy for your parents. So you should think about your parents. Don't ask for something that is out of your parents' reach. Don' t be vain-glorious.
I also thind you should put your heart into study. Read more books and then you can get a lot from reading. Without the famous brand competition you will become happy.
I hope I can help you out of unhappiness. Wish you happy.
Yours,
Huang Ping
給海青的一封信
親愛的海青：
我知道你現在悶悶不樂,感到很難過.但是,我並不認為你應該如此.
我知道你的家庭不富裕,所以你父母買不起名牌給你,這使你不高興.但是他們送你來學校讀書,使你能夠接受良好的教育並有一個光明的未來,這對你的父母來說並不容易.你應當考慮一下你的父母.不要要求得到超出你父母能力范圍的東西,不要愛慕虛榮.
我也認為你應該將精力投入到學習中去.讀更多的書,你能從中學到很多.沒有名牌的攀比,我想你會變得快樂.
希望能幫助消除不快.祝你快樂.
你的朋友 黃平
4Pollution: a Social Problem
When we read newspapers, we often come across the word pollution. This word was not familiar to the people some decades ago. But now, it is a serious threat to us because.it means the poisoning of the air, seas, rivers and lands, which would do harm to our health.
There are many factories that bring pollution to us. We can not have fresh air in the morning. This is mainly because of the poisonous smoke coming from factories, especially chemical ones. In rivers, seas and oceans, there are instrial wastes. Some factories just throw their wastes into seas or let them flow into rivers. When people drink the water from such rivers, they get poisoned. Besides, there is rubbish from ships and when sometimes an accident occurs in an ocean, oil flows out from tankers.
On land, the accumulation of rubbish in the streets may dirty the city and ruin our health. This is mainly e to the improper disposal of rubbish by people.
If we do mot fight against pollution, surely one day all of us will be killed. Some people like to put the blame on the instrial revolutions. On the contrary, the pollution problem will be solved only with the help of modem science and technology.
污染——一個社會問題
我們看報的時候,經常會看到「污染」這個詞.這個詞對於幾十年前的人來說並不熟悉.然而對於我們來說,它是一個嚴重的威脅,因為它意味著危害空氣、海洋、河流和土地,進而對我們造成傷害.
有很多工廠給我們帶來了污染.早上我們呼吸不到新鮮的空氣.這主要是因為這些工廠里排放出有毒的氣體,尤其是化工廠.在江河湖海里到處都有工業垃圾.一些工廠把廢棄物排放到江河和海洋里.人們喝了這裡面的水就會中毒.除此之外,還有從船上扔下來的垃圾和海洋里發生事故的船隻流出來的油.
在陸地上,街道上亂扔的垃圾不僅影響市容,還危害我們的健康.這主要是因為人們對垃圾的不正確的處理.
我們如果不對污染採取措施,總有一天我們會被殺死的.有些人總愛把這歸咎於工業革命.相反,污染問題還必須靠現代科學和技術來解決.
5Traditional Teaching Method
Do your teachers still use traditional techniques to teach you nowadays? A revol- ution in teaching techniques is required now. In the past, we just took it for granted that a teacher' s aim was to teach the students all that he knew and solve all the problems for them. Therefore, students could mot judge things on their own under this circumstance. Thus students graally lost the ability to learn by themselves. In addition, they were only equipped with the knowledge that were taught in class and made the same judgement upon every problem which might crop up. Of course, they would find their knowledge not enough to solve practical problems.
So it is time to change the teaching method. A teacher' s goal is to help the students develop not only the ability to learn by themselves but the skills to make judgements on every aspect on their own. It' s not necessary for the students to turn to teachers for help while meeting with difficulties. The first thing is to develop the students' abilities to make sound judgements upon any problem and overcome difficulties.
All in all, the aim of teaching is to liberate, but mot to fetter the students' innate powers of making sound judgements.
傳統教育方式
你的老師還在用傳統方法授課嗎?現在教育方式的改革需要進行.過去,老師把他所有的知識教給學生,並幫學生解決他們所有的難題,這似乎是理所當然的.因此,在這種情況下,學生不能自我判斷,也慢慢失去自學能力.另外,他們只能學到課堂上的東西,面對任一突發事件都會作出同樣的判斷.當然,他 們業余感到所學知識不足以解決實際問題.
因此,是到了改變教育目標的時候了.老師的目的不光是幫助學生培養自學能力,還應教給他們獨立判斷的方法.學生一旦面臨難題就請教老師是不必要的.重要的是讓學生具有獨立判斷並能克服困難的能力.
總而言之,教育目標是解放而不是限制學生判斷事物的內在能力.
6,How to study English?
Study English,You do need to use English with speakers who are not teachers of English. This isn』t easy, since everyone feels constrained speaking English with friends with whom it would be natural to use a shared mother tongue. Joining an English Club is a good idea and joining a club with an international membership (where English is in use at least some of the time) is, for many people, even better. If nothing like this is accessible, you might consider what would be involved in getting something going.
活用英文樂趣多 活用英文樂趣多
你需要常常和英語教師以外的人士用英語交談.這當然很不容易,因為與母語相同的人自由交談時,彼此若用英語交談總會覺得很不自在.亦可參加英語俱樂部或國際會員的俱樂部（至少有時使用英語溝通）,這樣對很多人而言更有益.如果沒有合適的社團可加入,也不妨考慮任何足以提高英語能力的機會.第一篇：THE NEWSPAPER 報 紙
Nowadays the newspaper possesses considerable value Everybody should read it. It supplies us with a variety of news every day. It tells us the political situation of the world. If we form the habit of reading the newspaper, we shall (will) get enough knowledge to cope with our circumstances.
現今報紙擁有極大的價值,人人都應該看它.它每天提供我們各種類類的消息.它告訴我們世界政治局勢.如果我們養成看報的習慣,我們就能得到足夠的知識來因應我們的環境.學生雖然每天須做功課,但他們至少應該勻出一兩個小時來看報.哪些,他們不但能增加知識而且也能趕上時代.總而言之,看報對學生很有益處.
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7：MY DAILY LIFE 我的日常生活
Though my daily life is extremely monotonous, I try hard to adapt myself to it. Why? Because I intend to be a good student. I wish to render service to my country.
I get up at six o』clock every day. After I wash my face and brush my teeth, I begin to review my lessons. I go to school at seven o』clock.
After school is over, I return home. We usually have supper at seven o』clock.
Then I begin to do my homework. I want to finish it before I go to bed.
雖然我的日常生活十分單調,但我卻竭力設法去適應它.為什麼?因為我打算做一個好學生,希望將來為國家服務.
我每天六點起床、洗臉刷牙後,就開始復習功課,七點鍾我就去上學.
放學後,我就回家了.我們通常在七點鍾吃晚餐,之後我就開始做家庭作業,希望在睡覺前把它做完.
8A MODEL STUDENT 模範學生
Do you mind being called a bad student? Of course not. So far as I know, everybody intends to be (become) a model student.
However, to be a model student is by no means an easy thing. First, he must do his best to obtain knowledge. A man without sufficient knowledge will not succeed. Secondly, he must remember to improve his health. Only a strong man can do great tasks. Thirdly, he should receive moral ecation. If his conct is not good, no one will consider making friends with him.
你價意被稱為壞學生嗎?當然不.就我所知,每個人都打算做模範學生.
然而,做模範學生卻不容易.第一,他必須盡力獲得知識（求知）.一個沒有足夠知識的人是不會成功的.第二,他必須記住促進健康.只有強壯的人才能做大事.第三,他應該接受道德教育.如果他品行不好,沒有人會考慮和他交朋友的.
讀書是一好事,但我們必須多加註意書的選擇.不錯,我們能從好書中獲得益處.然而,壞書卻對我們有害無益.
㈥ 如何准確抓住考研英語閱讀主題
一、主旨題識別方法
大綱當中明確要求考生要有理解文章主旨要義的能力。主題題就是要考查考生找到一篇文章的中心主旨的能力，命題形式主要有以下兩種：一是直接發問，問中心主旨、論點等；二是要求考生給文章定題目，測試考生對文章理解的程度和概括能力。
A.直接發問的題干問法舉例如下：
We can draw a conclusion from the text that ______.
They key point of the passage is______.
What is the passage mainly about?
This passage is mainly about ______.
B.給文章定題目的題干問法舉例如下：
An appropriate title for the text is most likely to be______.
Which of the following is the best title for this text?
The best title for the text may be ______.
Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
主旨題解題思路：通過略讀抓主題句（topic sentence），這是概括文章中心思想的常見方法。主題句表達中心思想，其他的句子均圍繞其展開說明或議論。按照西方人思維習慣，他們喜歡使用演繹法，即先提出重要信息，然後引用材料來論述。考研閱讀文章結構大體符合演繹規則。
㈦ 如何抓住英語四級閱讀的主題思想
一、抓主題思想。我們首先要學會識別文章中那些最根本、最具有概括力的信息。這種信息應能歸納和概括文中其它信息所具有的共性。
例如：
Directions: Choose the most general word.
(A) chemist (B) physicist
(C) scientist (D) biologist
該問題要求找出最有概括性的詞。(C) scientist 符合題意，因為它包含了chemist, physicist和biologist，而(A)，(B)和(D)都指某一具體學科的科學家，不能概括其它的詞。因此，scientist最有概括性。
例二：
Directions: Choose the most general sentence.
(A) The hotel offers complimentary coffee from 7 to 10 a.m. daily.
(B) There are many reasons why guests feel at home at the Glorictta Bay Inn.
(C) The coin-operated laundry room has an ironing board.
(D) There are a number of extra services at the Glorictta Bay Inn including babysitting.
(A)， (C)，(D)都是從不同的側面說明旅館的服務情況，相互間並無聯系。而(B)卻概括了(A)，(C)和(D)的共性的東西，即：為什麼旅客住在這家旅館 里有賓至如歸的感覺。因此，(B)符合題意。倘若在一段文章中包含了以上(A)，(B)，(C)，(D)幾條信息，那末，(B)就是該段中心思想。由於同 樣的道理，如果在一篇文章中，作者分段敘述幾方面的內容，那末，這些段落所圍繞和要說明的問題就是該文的中心思想。
例三：
Directions: Choose the main idea of an article. (Following are the topic sentences of an article.)
1) A mounting body of evidence suggests that fighting violence with violence rarely deters a crime in progress and greatly increases the chances of changing a robbery into a violent attack on the victim.
2) One report shows that at least 100 thousand handguns are stolen from private owners each year, the vast majority ring burglaries...
3) Moreover. a study of robberies in eight American cities states that in less than 4 percent of the crimes did the victim have the opportunity to use a weapon....
Which of the following best reflects the main idea of the article?
(A) What Happens to the Victim of Crime?
(B) Is Your Family Safe?
(C) Should You Arm Yourself Against Crime?
第一段和第三段提到了victims(受害者)，第二段中提到了入室行竊，但是這三段說明的共同問題是人們是否應擁有自己的武器來反對犯罪行為。因此只有選擇(C)才能概括這三段所共同說明的問題，也就是此文的中心思想。
二、主題思想應能恰如其分地概括文中所闡述的內容。面不能太窄，即：不足以概括全部內容;但是面也不能太寬，即：包含了文中沒有闡述的內容。
例四：
Directions: Read the following passage and choose the best central thought
Sugar history in the Hawaiian Islands is filled with pioneering. In sailing ship days, Hawaiian sugar growers were many months from sources of supplies and from markets. This isolation built up among the Hawaiian growers an enring spirit of cooperation. Growers shared with one another improvements in proction. Without government aid of any sort, they built great irrigation projects. Without government help, they set up their own research and experiment organization. Pioneering together over the years, they have provided Hawaii with its largest instry.
(A) In sailing days, Hawaiian sugar growers were many months away from supplies and markets.
(B) Hawaiian sugar growers built their great instry without government help.
(C) Hawaiian sugar growers have set up their own research organization and have shared improvements.
(D) By pioneering together, sugar growers have provided Hawaii with its largest instry.
(A)，(B)和(C)項只是文中提到的各項具體內容，作為主題思想面太窄了，只有(D)項才概括了全文要說明的問題，因此，(D)是該文的主題思想。
要求抓主題思想的另一種形式是為短文選擇合適的標題，因為短文的標題常常也體現它所圍繞的主題或討論的中心。因此，為短文選擇標題實際上也反映了對主題思想的掌握。
例五：
Directions: Read the following and choose the title that best expresses the ideas of the passage.
There is a simple economic principle used to determine prices. It is called the law of supply and demand. Supply means the amount of, or access to, certain goods. Demand represents the number of people who want those goods. If there are more goods than wanted, the price of them falls. On the other hand, if the demand for those goods is much greater than the supply, then the price rises. Of course, manufacturers prefer to sell more goods at increased prices.
(A) Economic Principles
(B) Law of Supply and Demand
(C) More Goods, Lower Prices
(D) Fewer Goods, Higher Prices
該問題中，(A)泛指經濟規律，面過寬;(C)和(D)只是供需規則的二個單獨的方面不能包含全部，面太窄。正確的答案是(B)，因為這正是該短文自始至終談論的主題。
例六：
Directions: Read the following passage and select the most appropriate title:
According to legend, the gods of the ancient Greeks lived in the clouds on the top of Mount Olympus. Zeus, the father of the gods, carried a bolt of lightning in his hand and ruled like an earthly king. Apollo was the sun god and his beams were golden arrows; he shielded the flocks of sheep and the fields of grain. Athena was the warrior goddess, standing in shining armor ready to protect the Greek cities. There were other gods as well, all with familiar human characteristics, but these were the leading gods.
(A) The Gods of the Ancient Greeks
(B) The Legend of the Sky God Zeus
(C) Beliefs of the Ancient Greeks
(D) Religions of the Past
該問題中，(B)項只是文中提到的一項具體內容，作為主題思想面太窄了。(C)和(D)項泛指，面太寬。只有(A)項才概括了全文要說明的問題，是全文的主題。
三、一段文章的中心思想常常由主題句(Topic Sentence)表達。主題句常常位於段首或段尾處，間或出現在段落中間。同樣，一篇文章的中心思想也常常在開始段或結尾段點出。因此在閱讀中，我們要特別注意文章的開頭或結尾。
例七：
English is clearly an international language. It is spoken by pilots and airport control operators on all the airways of the world. Over 70 percent of the world's radio programs are in English
本段主題句為首句，其後的內容均說明首句。
例八：
Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their own. Still others like a democratic discussion type of class. No one teaching method can be devised to satisfy all students at the same time
本段中心思想在結尾句得到體現，它是此段內容的結論。
例九：
For alts a cold is not that serious. However, this is not the case for children. Cold symptoms in children may be signs of more serious diseases and should be given prompt medical attention.
本段主題句為第二句，因為在however後面才是作者真正的看法，並在本文中進一步作了說明。
然而，我們也常常發現，有的主題思想並非直接由一、二個句子表述，而是在文中間接暗示著。這就需要讀者根據文中細節進行概括與歸納，找出主題思想。
㈧ 高考英語閱讀記敘文會出現哪些主題
高考英語閱讀記來敘文會出現哪些主題自
記敘文的特點就是以寫人、敘事、寫景狹義的記敘文，包括記敘性的文學作品、游記、日記。古代的記、傳、序、表、志等、狀物為主要內容、事，以狀物為主，常見的如消息、通訊、通訊、簡報、敘事、寫景，以及一部分書信等。
正因為記敘文寫的是生活中的見聞，所以一定要表達出作者對於生活的真切感受。
分類
側重記事的記敘文、敘事、寫景。
記敘文是指記人、特寫、報告文學，現代的消息、物的情態變化和發展進行敘述和描寫的一類文章，如《白楊禮贊》《石榴》《海燕》、參觀記。
廣義的記敘文是指以記人，借象徵抒懷、景，以敘述事情的發生、發展，都屬於記敘文的范疇、狀物為主，對社會生活中的人、狀物等類的文章、游記等、經過和結果為重點，如《一面》。
側重狀物的記敘文、回憶錄、回憶錄；通過描述人物、時間及狀物、寫景來表達一定的中心
㈨ 英語閱讀中，什麼叫主題
題目是主題，如沒標題，那就要你自己發現，就是文章展開的話題。
㈩ 英語閱讀理解如何確定文章主題
這個問題問的很好，我曾經也有過這樣的疑問，一般來說，英語文章有一種類似於專古代八股屬文的模式，在考試中，大多數閱讀理解都是關於環境問題，科學研究等，很少有關於生活的日記之類的，所以，首先文章首句挺重要的，因為老外比較直白，不會像我們似的老是愛用個引題什麼的。第一段的結尾部分也會強調作者的觀點和想要論證的句子，要細心。以上是對於一般情況來說的。個別情況肯定要個別討論了，閱讀確定不了文章主題關鍵問題還是「讀不懂」 生詞太多，句子結構太復雜，難理解，這些都是問題，所以根據自己的實際情況加強訓練。