英語閱讀網英文
『壹』 英語閱讀網
去英國的話,那最推薦的就是英國的BBC和the economist雜志
但是樓主,你如果想學英語學得舒服,最好還是先破單詞關,沒時間的話就背雅思單詞,有時間的話就背GRE單詞,讓你背這個不是教你去應試,而是讓你先有個比較扎實的詞彙儲備,否則你真的去聽或者讀BBC還有經濟學人雜志時,會感覺到通篇都是生詞,打擊你學英語、練閱讀的信心。
閱讀也有方法,我給你推薦的方法是,先通讀文章兩遍,這時候基本能讀懂的都能讀懂了,讀不懂的再讀也不太容易讀懂了。之後你要做的是,用紅筆把所有你不能讀懂的部分,或者覺得似懂非懂沒有把握的地方都劃出來,有多少劃多少,不一定非要有生詞才劃,即使是很簡單的單詞,如果組合到一起就讀不懂了,那也要劃出來。然後對照字典或者其他工具書把這些不太熟悉的都查出來,漢語意思寫在旁邊,都查完之後再把這些難點一個一個默讀,努力地在你的頭腦中把漢語釋義和英文原文緊緊地綁在一起。每一個盲點都熟悉之後,重新返回原文,這時候再讀到剛才你不太理解的哪些地方時,你的感覺肯定會明顯不一樣了,趁熱打鐵,趁著剛剛把這些語言難點解決的時候,力圖把全文理解貫通。每一篇文章,過幾天都要重新拾起來,再溫習一遍,幾天沒見面肯定對難點有所遺忘,通過多次的鞏固才能完全消化吸收。
至於閱讀網站,經濟學人官網上面有最近幾年所有的紙質版文檔,都是免費的,你隨時可以瀏覽,不過我個人覺得直接讀紙質版,感覺更好,感覺頭腦和心都跟文章貼的更近,看網頁感覺就差了點。經濟學人雜志毫無疑問是最權威也是最受歡迎的了,不管是觀點的新穎、文章謀篇布局還是更加細節的遣詞造句,都是現代媒體中的佼佼者,練閱讀、學翻譯甚至學寫新聞都很適合。
如果實在覺得經濟學人難度偏高,不太適合你的話,BBC也是不錯的選擇。我聽BBC一年半多了,受益頗豐。我用BBC練習聽力時,都是把文字底稿列印出來,聽完錄音之後對照文本解決每一個語言盲點的,我可以很負責任地說,BBC世界新聞的語言絕對是非常正規,而且文筆相當不錯的,別說是練聽力了,即使是用作閱讀文本也是相當合適的。很高興樓主你也有用BBC練閱讀的打算,只要堅持下去就行了。其他人不懂BBC練閱讀的用處,那是他們的事,用不著搭理。
給你推薦什麼好東西那都是次要的,現在網路媒體這么發達,各種信息資源取之不盡,但依然沒有多少人能真正學好英語,所以說外在條件都是次要的,關鍵是你的學習慾望和動力有多強,意志力有多麼堅韌。為了你的理想,花花些時間切實提高英語水平絕對是一勞永逸的,就像我當初花幾百個小時背完GRE紅寶書,現在面對各種英文報刊的文章,一眼掃去,幾乎沒有陌生單詞,這種一勞永逸的感覺妙不可言,我真是慶幸當初背到惡心還能堅持到底。不管是做學問還是其他什麼,掌握好英語都是百利而無一害的。
希望以上一點見解能夠幫到樓主提高英語閱讀水平
『貳』 練習英語閱讀能力哪些英文網站比較好謝謝
不知道你是那個來階段的學生源,不過有三個網站可讓你終生受益,這三個都是我比較常用的,也是個人比較喜歡的。
滬江:需要注冊,但不麻煩~裡面資源很多,你很快就會喜歡的
還有就是可可和普特,兩個都是免費的,資源也很多。各個階段的都有。
去看看吧,網路一下馬上能找到,方便而且快捷!希望你喜歡。
『叄』 英語閱讀材料
英語文摘,英語沙龍抄,21世紀報.ChinaDaily,英文小說等等.
其實都差不多,閱讀水平的提高不是一朝一夕的事情,一定要多看,經常看自然就會熟悉了,只有多看注意總結閱讀能力自然就會提高.另外單詞語法也一定要看,詞彙量的大小直接影響你的閱讀,起碼單詞你的認識吧,不然還談什麼閱讀啊,語法就是要你看懂句子的結構,長哪句分析,能看懂,這樣文章的難度自然就降下來了.
閱讀能力的提高靠的是平時的積累,只有每天堅持看,才能可能提高閱讀的能力.
好好努力吧!
『肆』 想提高英語閱讀能力,有哪個網站提供【中英文對照】的短文
Hope is good thing, and good things never die. At the same time, good habit is good thing, since good things never die, once formed and maintained, good habit never fades away, it brings in return good body, good spirit and good knowledge.
I am used to reading English for one hour at least every day, reciting the passages and memorizing the words and phrases, I could speak and write in influent English now, and more than a second language, it』s penentrating everywhere in my life, it's life partner;
I am used to doing exercizes, playing basketball, running, fast-walking, playing badminton, tennis and so on, I have a sound body now, seldom grasped by flus or fevers, thanks to this good habit, besides, I have made acquaintaince with some other people who are doing with the same habit, we talk and learn from each other and make our life large and enriched.
I am used to….
I have a lot of habits which could be named as good, and I do love them and could keep on as besides health, they could bring me something else like friends, fortune and happiness. 希望是件美麗的東西,和良好的事情永遠不會消失。與此同時,好習慣是好東西,因為美好的事物永遠不會死,一旦形成和維持,好習慣永遠不會消逝了,他會給你帶來回報好身體,良好的精神和良好的知識。
1
The best way to strengthen your resolve and increase your will power is to thouroughly read one difficult article a day. Difficult articles will increase your vocabulary, improve your reading comprehension and supply you with valuable sentence patterns and grammar to enhance your spoken English. This terrific habit will also give you a strong sense of achievement and encourage you to improve other areas of your life. Once you train yourself to make your difficult article a part of your daily routine, you will even grow to enjoy it. Reading difficult articles is just like vigorous exercise. At first it is extremely hard, you need to push yourself to finish. Eventually, just as your body grows used to the sweat and effort, your mind will also adjust and welcome the challenge. In fact, people who exercise regularly feel terrible when they don't have an opportunity to exercise! You can develop the same kind of relationship with difficult articles! You can use them to nourish your mind and your spirit until you reach the point where you feel lost without them.
2
The poor are very wonderful people. One evening we went out and we picked up four people from the street. And one of them was in a most terrible condition,and I told the sisters: You take care of the other three. I take care of this one who looked worse. So I did for her all that my love can do. I put her in bed, and there was such a beautiful smile on her face. She took hold of my hand as she said just the words "thank you" and she died. I could not help but examine my conscience[良心]before her and I asked what would I say if I was in her place. And my answer was very simple. I would have tried to draw a little attention to myself. I would have said I am hungry, that I am dying, I am cold, I am in pain, or something, but she gave me much more-she gave me her grateful love. And she died with a smile on her face. As did that man whom we picked up from the drain[陰溝、下水道], half eaten with worms, and we brought him to the home. "I have lived like an animal in the street, but I am going to die like an angel, loved and cared for." And it was so wonderful to see the greatness of that man who could speak like that, who could die like that without blaming anybody, without cursing anybody, without comparing anything. Like an angel-this is the greatness of our people. And that is why we believe what Jesus had said: I was hungry, I was naked, I was homeless, I was unwanted, unloved, uncared for, and you did it to me.
窮人是非常了不起的人。一天晚上,我們外出,從街上帶回了四個人,其中一個生命岌岌可危。於是我告訴修女們說:「你們照料其他三個,這個瀕危的人就由我來照顧了。」就這樣,我為她做了我的愛所能做的一切。我將她放在床上,看到她的臉上綻露出如此美麗的微笑。她握著我的手,只說了句「謝謝您」就死了。我情不自禁地在她面前審視起自己的良知來。我問自己,如果我是她的話,會說些什麼呢?答案很簡單,我會盡量引起旁人對我的關注,我會說我飢餓難忍,冷得發抖,奄奄一息,痛苦不堪,諸如此類的話。但是她給我的卻更多更多――她給了我她的感激之情。她死時臉上卻帶著微笑。我們從排水道帶回的那個男子也是如此。當時,他幾乎全身都快被蟲子吃掉了,我們把他帶回了家。「在街上,我一直像個動物一樣地活著,但我將像個天使一樣地死去,有人愛,有人關心。」真是太好了,我看到了他的偉大之處,他竟能說出那樣的話。他那樣地死去,不責怪任何人,不詛咒任何人,無欲無求。像天使一樣――這便是我們的人民的偉大之所在。因此我們相信耶穌所說的話――我飢腸轆轆――我衣不蔽體――我無家可歸――我不為人所要,不為人所愛,也不為人所關心――然而,你卻為我做了這一切。
3
Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a great ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.
I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy - ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness--that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what--at last--I have found.
With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.
Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate this evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.
This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.
『伍』 有什麼英語閱讀的好網站嗎,能閱讀英文書的那種.收不收費都OK
有一個軟體 叫百詞斬愛閱讀 很好
『陸』 有哪些閱讀英語文章的app
可以閱讀英語文章的app有:有道e讀、扇貝閱讀、ZoReader、愛洋蔥、阿卡索少兒英語app,比較推薦阿卡索。可以去阿卡索的APP裡面免費領取到一節少兒英語課程,最主要是跟著外教一對一的口語對話,現在分享他們的試聽課給大家,點擊免費領取:【https://www.acadsoc.com】
阿卡索少兒英語app主要是針對少兒的各個年齡階段,是一個比較全面的學習app。從簡單的字母入門再到難一點的情景對話,這個app有著豐富的配音內容,多元化的一些英語情景,圖片多文字少的一個教學,為少年兒童甚至大人提供了一個輕松學英語的平台。
通過這個阿卡索少兒英語app,孩子們可以直接用手機在上面預約課程,然後上課,選課,優勢還可以取消課程,非常方便。足不出戶就可以學習到英語,讓大人也省去了很多配送孩子來回奔波的時間,讓家長省心。而且它還擁有很多美劇影片可以提供給少兒觀看和學習,還有智能的語音打分系統可以糾正少兒的發音問題。
還有其他什麼學習問題,可以網路搜「阿卡索vivi老師」為您分析解答。
想要更多的英語學習資源,可以網路搜「阿卡索官網論壇」免費下載。
『柒』 有哪些閱讀英語文章的app
不同於APP內的自主學習,照本宣讀,外教一對一在線授課的形式更能抓住專孩子的注意力!課程設置屬在合理的25分鍾,「孩子坐不住,注意力渙散」都不存在的!經驗豐富的外教老師更加懂得如何去引導孩子加入自己的英語學習小課堂,寓教於樂的方式只會讓孩子覺得「歡樂的時光總是那麼短暫」!這里就把阿卡索自主研發的免費【熊出沒趣味體驗課】分享給家長們!點擊藍字即可體驗!阿卡索自主研發課程課件,結合方特動漫的熊出沒系列動畫,為孩子帶來真正意義上的寓教於樂!有了優秀的教材也需要有優秀的老師來進行指導教學,這樣才能進步的很快。
對於孩子的學習,vivi老師始終堅信一句話:興趣是最好的老師。因此無論選擇哪家機構,都要根據孩子的學習興趣、學習狀態、個人計劃,再結合家長自身的經濟實力等多方面因素來考量。關於選課的問題還猶豫不決的家長,如果需要更詳細具體的意見,可以在選課之前找我聊聊,網路搜索vivi老師就可以找到我,我會盡最大努力幫你避雷。
『捌』 有什麼比較好的英文閱讀網站
王爾德的文字很不錯,浪漫中透露著作者對於世界的體察和認識,不會很版難,而且很有趣權 個人比較喜歡 Pride And Prejudice,就是書有點兒厚 賣英文書的店主強烈推薦 The Vampire Dairy,據說用來提高英語水平很不錯,對語法,片語,口語之類的幫助。
『玖』 哪個網站有一些短篇的英文閱讀
01 The Language of Music
A painter hangs his or her finished pictures on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as arous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor. Most training is concerned with technique, for musicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords would be inadequate without controlled muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to and fro with the right arm-two entirely different movements.
Singers and instruments have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. Pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuner』 responsibility to tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties; the hammers that hit the string have to be coaxed not to sound like percussion, and each overlapping tone has to sound clear.
This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student conctors: they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound, and they have to aim at controlling these sounds with fanatical but selfless authority.
Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century.
02 Schooling and Ecation
It is commonly believed in United States that school is where people go to get an ecation. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their ecation to go to school. The distinction between schooling and ecation implied by this remark is important.
Ecation is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Ecation knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or in the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. The agents of ecation can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, ecation quite often proces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in ecation from infancy on. Ecation, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of one』s entire life.
Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an alt, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the working of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school students know that there not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.
03 The Definition of 「Price」
Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which procts and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a complex network composed of the prices of all the procts bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the 「system」 of prices. The price of any particular proct or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.
If one were to ask a group of randomly selected indivials to define 「price」, many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a proct or service or, in other words that price is the money values of a proct or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the proct or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the proct or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total 「package」 being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.
04 Electricity
The modern age is an age of electricity. People are so used to electric lights, radio, televisions, and telephones that it is hard to imagine what life would be like without them. When there is a power failure, people grope about in flickering candlelight, cars hesitate in the streets because there are no traffic lights to guide them, and food spoils in silent refrigerators.
Yet, people began to understand how electricity works only a little more than two centuries ago. Nature has apparently been experimenting in this field for million of years. Scientists are discovering more and more that the living world may hold many interesting secrets of electricity that could benefit humanity.
All living cell send out tiny pulses of electricity. As the heart beats, it sends out pulses of record; they form an electrocardiogram, which a doctor can study to determine how well the heart is working. The brain, too, sends out brain waves of electricity, which can be recorded in an electroencephalogram. The electric currents generated by most living cells are extremely small - often so small that sensitive instruments are needed to record them. But in some animals, certain muscle cells have become so specialized as electrical generators that they do not work as muscle cells at all. When large numbers of these cell are linked together, the effects can be astonishing.
The electric eel is an amazing storage battery. It can seed a jolt of as much as eight hundred volts of electricity through the water in which it live. (An electric house current is only one hundred twenty volts.) As many as four-fifths of all the cells in the electric eel』s body are specialized for generating electricity, and the strength of the shock it can deliver corresponds roughly to length of its body.
05 The Beginning of Drama
There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The on most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual. The argument for this view goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world-even the seasonal changes-as unpredictable, and they sought through various means to control these unknown and feared powers. Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals. Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the rites. As time passed some rituals were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama.
Those who believe that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained the seed of theater because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used, furthermore, a suitable site had to be provided for performances and when the entire community did not participate, a clear division was usually made between the "acting area" and the "auditorium." In addition, there were performers, and, since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mimed the desired effect-success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun-as an actor might. Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.
Another theory traces the theater』s origin from the human interest in storytelling. According to this vies tales (about the hunt, war, or other feats) are graally elaborated, at first through the use of impersonation, action, and dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person. A closely related theory traces theater to those dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animal movements and sounds.
06 Televisions
Television-----the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth-is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world. It is an electronic revolution of sorts, made possible by the marriage of television and computer technologies.
The word "television", derived from its Greek (tele: distant) and Latin (visio: sight) roots, can literally be interpreted as sight from a distance. Very simply put, it works in this way: through a sophisticated system of electronics, television provides the capability of converting an image (focused on a special photoconctive plate within a camera) into electronic impulses, which can be sent through a wire or cable. These impulses, when fed into a receiver (television set), can then be electronically reconstituted into that same image.
Television is more than just an electronic system, however. It is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.
The field of television can be divided into two categories determined by its means of transmission. First, there is broadcast television, which reaches the masses through broad-based airwave transmission of television signals. Second, there is nonbroadcast television, which provides for the needs of indivials or specific interest groups through controlled transmission techniques.
Traditionally, television has been a medium of the masses. We are most familiar with broadcast television because it has been with us for about thirty-seven years in a form similar to what exists today. During those years, it has been controlled, for the most part, by the broadcast networks, ABC, NBC, and CBS, who have been the major purveyors of news, information, and entertainment. These giants of broadcasting have actually shaped not only television but our perception of it as well. We have come to look upon the picture tube as a source of entertainment, placing our role in this dynamic medium as the passive viewer.
07 Andrew Carnegie
Andrew Carnegie, known as the King of Steel, built the steel instry in the United States, and, in the process, became one of the wealthiest men in America. His success resulted in part from his ability to sell the proct and in part from his policy of expanding ring periods of economic decline, when most of his competitors were recing their investments.
Carnegie believed that indivials should progress through hard work, but he also felt strongly that the wealthy should use their fortunes for the benefit of society. He opposed charity, preferring instead to provide ecational opportunities that would allow others to help themselves. "He who dies rich, dies disgraced," he often said.
Among his more noteworthy contributions to society are those that bear his name, including the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, which has a library, a museum of fine arts, and a museum of national history. He also founded a school of technology that is now part of Carnegie-Mellon University. Other philanthropic gifts are the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace to promote understanding between nations, the
Carnegie Institute of Washington to fund scientific research, and Carnegie Hall to provide a center for the arts.
Few Americans have been left untouched by Andrew Carnegie』s generosity. His contributions of more than five million dollars established 2,500 libraries in small communities throughout the country and formed the nucleus of the public library system that we all enjoy today.
08 American Revolution
The American Revolution was not a sudden and violent overturning of the political and social framework, such as later occurred in France and Russia, when both were already independent nations. Significant changes were ushered in, but they were not breathtaking. What happened was accelerated evolution rather than outright revolution. During the conflict itself people went on working and praying, marrying and playing. Most of them were not seriously disturbed by the actual fighting, and many of the more isolated communities scarcely knew that a war was on.
America』s War of Independence heralded the birth of three modern nations. One was Canada, which received its first large influx of English-speaking population from the thousands of loyalists who fled there from the United States. Another was Australia, which became a penal colony now that America was no longer available for prisoners and debtors. The third newcomer-the United States-based itself squarely on republican principles.
Yet even the political overturn was not so revolutionary as one might suppose. In some states, notably Connecticut and Rhode Island, the war largely ratified a colonial self-rule already existing. British officials, everywhere ousted, were replaced by a home-grown governing class, which promptly sought a local substitute for king and Parliament.
09 Suburbanization
If by "suburb" is meant an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began ring the emergence of the instrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories built in the 1840』s were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses that abutted the older, main cities. As a defense against this encroachment and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their instrial neighbors. In 1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders.
With the acceleration of instrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stress-conditions that began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact instrial city into a dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle Class, whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single-family housing tracts.
10 Types of Speech
Standard usage includes those words and expressions understood, used, and accepted by a majority of the speakers of a language in any situation regardless of the level of formality. As such, these words and expressions are well defined and listed in standard dictionaries. Colloquialisms, on the other hand, are familiar words and idioms that are understood by almost all speakers of a language and used in informal speech or writing, but not considered appropriate for more formal situations. Almost all idiomatic expressions are colloquial language. Slang, however, refers to words and expressions understood by a large number of speakers but not accepted as good, formal usage by the majority. Colloquial expressions and even slang may be found in standard dictionaries but will be so identified. Both colloquial usage and slang are more common in speech than in writing.
Colloquial speech often passes into standard speech. Some slang also passes into standard speech, but other slang expressions enjoy momentary popularity followed by obscurity. In some cases, the majority never accepts certain slang phrases but nevertheless retains them in their collective memories. Every generation seems to require its own set of words to describe familiar objects and events. It has been pointed out by a number of linguists that three cultural conditions are necessary for the creation of a large body of slang expressions. First, the introction and acceptance of new objects and situations in the society; second, a diverse population with a large number of subgroups; third, association among the subgroups and the majority population.
Finally, it is worth noting that the terms "standard" "colloquial" and "slang" exist only as abstract labels for scholars who study language. Only a tiny number of the speakers of any language will be aware that they are using colloquial or slang expressions. Most speakers of English will, ring appropriate situations, select and use all three types of expressions.