高考英語閱讀理解怎樣做

⑴ 高考英語閱讀理解怎麼做

主旨大意題

主旨大意題主要考查學生對所讀材料(或所讀材料片斷)中心思想的概括。做這類題時，考生應通讀全文，把握文章大意或中心思想，同時注意文章的主題句，因為主題句表達中心思想，其他句子均圍繞主題句進行展開。主題句通常位於文章第一段首句、第一段末句或全文末句等地方，但位於段落中間(通常是第一段或最後一段的中間)也是完全可能的。主旨大意題的考查形式很多，如概括標題、主題、段意、中心思想等。請看下面一個段落：
In the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget. But none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant. The work was hard; the pay was poor; and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible.
◎What is the subject discussed in the text?
A. The writer』s unhappy school life
B. The writer』s eagerness to earn money
C. The writer』s experience as a full-time worker
D. The writer』s hard work in an apple plant
原文共有五個自然段，上面摘錄的只是文章的第1個自然段，但是如果考生訓練有素的話，只要讀完這個段落就可猜出此題的答案了。因為文章第一句說In the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget，接著作者用but引出一個新的情況(即主題句)：none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant. 再接下來又說：The work was hard; the pay was poor; and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible. 聰明的讀者至此應該可以猜測到，下面的幾個段落肯定是介紹這個apple plant 的work是如何的hard，它的pay是如何的poor，它的working conditions 是如何的terrible 等。比較四個選項，只有選項D所表述內容合乎上面的分析，故選D。

事實細節題

顧名思義，事實細節題即指針對文章的某個事實或細節而設置的試題。事實細節題的命題方法很多，如可能是對某個細節用同義結構轉換後進行考查、也可能是將文章中的幾個細節(通常是四個)放在一起要求考生判斷是非(選出正確的一項或選出錯誤的一項)或對幾個細節進行排序等。解答這類試題時，一個常用的方法就是運用定位法，即根據題干或選項中的線索詞從原文中找到相關的句子，與選項進行比較從而確定答案(此時要特別注意一些常見的同義轉換或簡單換算)。請看下面一道事實細節題：
Tuition Fees(學費)
Tuition fees are different from department to department, generally from $5,000 to $6,000 a year. For further information: [email protected]
Accommodation(住宿)
You can have a room in a 4-bedrcom flat, which will cost about $100 a month with other regular living costs of about $150 a month for one person. For further information: [email protected]
◎You have to pay at least ______ a year if you study at the University of Waikato.
A. $5,250 B. $8,000 C. $9,000 D. $11,000
根據Tuition fees一節的內容可知，一年的學費最低為5,000美元，再根據Accommodation(住宿)一節可知，除學費外，還有住宿費(每月100美元)和生活費(每月150美元)，即一年大約共3,000美元，所以在WaiKato大學讀書一年至少要花費5,000+3,000=8,000美元，故答案為B。

代詞指代題

這類題要求考生根據一定的上下文推測代詞的指代意義，它主要考查考生在一定語境中對上下文邏輯關系的正確理解。做這類題時，考生不僅要讀懂相關句子的句意，理順相關句子的邏輯關系，而且還要學會合理變通，尤其要學會變通理解其中的同義表達。請看下面一個片斷和一個道詞義猜測題：
Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this. Nothing in such statements supports the idea that there is anything very different about the problem solving that leads to discoveries of the great contributions to the society. The act of discovery, even in the relatively predictable(可以預見的) sense that it occurs in everyday learning, involves(涉及) a 「sudden insight」 which changes the problem situation into a solution situation. As we have seen, everyday discovery also requires that the learner have the knowledge of the rules gained in the past, which is involved in the solution.
What does the underlined word 「this」 refer to?
A. Great contributions to the society.
B. Long-time study of the subject matter.
C. Various statements about problem solving.
D. Complete devotion to artistic creation.
此題答案選B。答案的直接依據是文章中的Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this 這兩句話。從句意和句子結構上看，this在此指代的應是they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time，比較四個選項，只有B與之吻合，因為選項中的long-time與原文中的over fairly long periods of time屬同義表達，選項中的study of the subject matter 與原文中的devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem屬同義表達。

詞義猜測題

即要求考生根據一定的上下文猜測生詞的詞義。它是高考英語閱讀理解中的一個難點，同學們應引起充分重視。猜測生詞詞義的方法很多，常用的有同義解釋法、因果推斷法、前後對比法、基本構詞法、語境理解法、舉例說明法、常識背景法、類屬分析法等。請看下面一道詞義猜測題：
More American people take their troubles with them on holiday, according to a new survey. Although 40 percent said that the main reason for going away is to escape pressure(壓力) from work, almost all said they worry more than they do at home. Only four in every 100 said that they are happy and free of care.
The underlined word 「survey」 in the first paragraph most probably means ______.
A. research B. review C. exhibition D. examination
此題答案選A。比較四個選項，同時結合常識，文中所提到的事實和數據應該是「調查和研究」得出的（其他幾個選項可排除）。

推理判斷題

即要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎上，作出一定的判斷和推理，從而得出文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理判斷題屬於主觀性較強的高層次閱讀理解題，做這類題目時，同學們應嚴格依據作者所陳述的細節、事實以及作者的措詞、態度和語氣等，找出能夠表露作者思想傾向和感情色彩的詞語，然後利用自己已獲得的相關知識進行推理判斷，從而得出符合邏輯的結論。此時應特別注意：當問及作者的看法、意圖與態度時，不要誤認為是在問「你」(考生)的想法，而是作者本人在字里行間所表述的觀點。請看下面一個段落：
Now the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twofold: First, I have to find the red ones among the leaves, which means I almost have to stand on my head, and once found I have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw(縮回) my full fist without dropping the prize so dearly won. I found two full-blown white roses completely hidden as I picked tomatoes in June, but they were weak and the leaves already yellow for lack of light.
By saying 「the prize so dearly won」 in paragraph 5, the writer wants to ______.
A. show the difficulty in picking the tomatoes
B. show the hardship of growing the roses
C. express her liking for the roses
D. express her care for the tomatoes
本文大意講的是作者在春天偶然栽種的一棵西紅柿長成後非常大，影響到園中的玫瑰花，作者在享受西紅柿美味的同時，又難以割捨珍貴的玫瑰花，面對兩種選擇，作者舉棋不定。
此題要求考生推測作者說the prize so dearly won的意圖，屬推理判斷題。此題答案選A，其推理依據主要有以下幾點：一是作者在第1句用了 the task一詞，將摘西紅柿看成是一項「任務」；二是作者在三個地方用了have to，表示摘西紅柿不容易；三是作者還用了stand on my head, reach down and under…等誇張性用詞，充分說明了摘西紅柿的難度。比較四個選項，顯然只有選項A最佳。
請再看一道高考真題實例：
Maybe ten-year-old Elizabeth put it best when she said to her father. 「But, Dad, you can』t be healthy if you』re dead.」
Dad, in a hurry to get home before dark so he could go for a run, had forgotten to wear his safety belt—a mistake 75% of the US population make every day. The big question is why.
Why did Elizabeth say to her father, 「But, Dad, you can』t be healthy if you』re dead?
A. He was driving at great speed.
B. He was running across the street.
C. He didn』t have his safety belt on.
D. He didn』t take his medicine on time.

⑵ 如何做高考英語閱讀理解

同學，我推復薦你多練。制
每天做兩篇閱讀，就像看小段故事樣就看完了。其實閱讀就是一個語感的問題，我以前不喜歡背單詞，詞彙量不大，但是每次閱讀的時候都猜得到生詞的大概意思，就是以前老師讓我們練的多培養出了一種感覺。熟能生巧這句話也是沒錯的。

單純說做閱讀理解的時候，我喜歡先看問題，把問題大概記住，再讀的全文。全文是拉通讀的，就有點屬於在裡面挑答案。看到和問題大概相關的就仔細看，與問題無關的，就略看，這樣也保證了時間的充足。

⑶ 高考英語閱讀理解怎麼做才能拿到高分

一篇閱讀理解，至少要做3遍！
為什麼至少三遍？
第一遍，飛速帶著問題做完，對答案，一回般是全對答的。
然後，第二遍，鑽研問題。鑽研問題的選項，從選項猜出題人的心理，把所有的不確定因素變為絕對確定因素。
完了之後，第三編，把這篇閱讀理解當作一篇完形、單選來做。為什麼這么說？我問你，一個很簡單的句子，你讀過去，嗯，理所當然的理解，覺得沒什麼，對吧？但是，去掉其中一個單詞，讓你去填空或者選擇，你還覺得那麼理所當然嗎？所以，這篇文章，還有很多很多利用價值。細細的讀吧，就當作土豆的更新去讀吧，你會發現，今天剛學的一個語法、單詞等等的，奇跡般的在這篇文章中出現了，這不算一邊復習嗎？
閱讀能力、判斷能力、分析能力，全部在一篇小小的文章中提高了，英語學著很輕松吧？

⑷ 如何做好高考英語閱讀理解題文章

這種題來型與閱讀理解相比，既源有相同點也存在著區別。其相同點在於兩者都是對語篇閱讀能力的考查，考生需對文章有較好的理解。區別主要表現在以下三個方面：
1. 閱讀理解題目的題型是客觀的，而閱讀表達的題型則是主觀的，這不僅需要考生將文章理解，還需要將自己對文章的理解通過自己的語言表達出來，而且要受到字數的限制。這就是說閱讀理解只是要求學生將文章及題目中的信息理解了，就能作對題目，而閱讀表達不僅要求學生理解文章和題目而且要把文章中的信息用自己的語言表達出來，是一種信息的輸出。
2. 閱讀理解的文章難度較大，片幅較長，生詞較多；閱讀表達的文章較為簡單，生詞少。
3. 在於閱讀理解中的題型是選擇題，問題類型及所考查的方式差別很大，所供選擇的答案只有一項是正確的；但在閱讀表達中，題型和題目的設置是比較固定的，包括：題目、句子替換、完成句子、個人觀點描述（開放式問題）及翻譯五種題型，答案往往是不唯一的。

⑸ 高考英語閱讀理解怎麼做

課堂要求：培養分析篇章結構的能力
信息的整體輸入是讓學生通過觀看課文錄像，整體感知閱讀材料，領略文章大意當然也不能忽略句子水平上的教學。語篇與句子之間存在著有機的聯系，語篇水平上的教學與句子水平的教學應該結合進行，這樣才能有利於閱讀能力的提高。
1.字面理解層(Literal comprehension Level)：這一層是指讀者僅僅理解文章的字面意義，辨認和回想文章大意、細節、事件發生的順序、人物特徵和因果關系等。
2、推論理解層(inferential comprehension)：這是讀者根據文章的結構，從字里行間推測詞義、文章大意、事件發生順序、細節和人物特徵的過程。
3、評論理解層(evaluative comprehension level)：這是讀者憑借自己的閱讀經驗和語言能力、分析、評價文章的優劣的過程。如評估信息的確切性，事件發生的可能性以及證明事實的可信性等。
上述閱讀理解的三大層次有助於我們認識它們在閱讀過程中相互間的關系和作用。字面理解層主要依靠語法能力或語言能力完成；推論理解層主要依靠閱讀技巧和語言能力來完成；而評價理解層則是讀者與作者的觀點融合的過程。
掌握基本的英語詞彙和語法結構的語言知識和一定的語言文化背景知識 ,是培養和提高閱讀能力的前提.
解決途徑：閱讀各類英語讀物可以幫助擴大詞彙量加深對英語的認識、了解英語國家的文化
閱讀要求：閱讀不應以解題為目的，但讀者應該帶著問題去談；閱讀的過程中不要查閱詞典，遇到生詞時應該盡力推斷其含義，如果推斷不出，且詞生詞為不可不知的關鍵詞，則讀完文章後統一解決並背誦下來必要時還得復習同一詞在其它句、文中的用法，通過接近聯想，對比聯想語言點，成為知識鏈，進而形成知識的網路。運用關鍵詞對文學材料的主要內容和結構進行改寫或復述。學生可以以閱讀評價標准來衡量自己是否做到了這幾點：
When and where does the story take place?
Who are the people in the story?
What are the problems?
What does the main character want to do?
What happens?
How does it end?
應拿出難度適中的一些文章「精讀」，從詞句到段到整個語篇進行仔細推敲，在閱讀的基礎上擴大詞彙量。
利用課前5分鍾，堅持每天一篇閱讀訓練
多讀、多背、多用，注意分析積累，是提高英語閱讀能力的惟一途徑。
考試中的閱讀技巧
掌握每種類型題目解題的方法，理順思路，這樣才能有利於他們在訓練中及時反饋，提高解題的針對性，真正提高解題的能力。
學習和了解文章的結構
閱讀理解文章的體裁主要有三類：敘述文、說明文和議論文。下面我們結合2000年12月份的大學英語四級考試真題來具體說明如何利用文章的結構特點來達到閱讀的目的。
文章的寫作方式上來看，一般都以記敘文和說明文為主。記敘文可分為傳記類和故事類。
初級記敘類：通過時間線索與文中提及的事件連接起來
通過上述活動，既能幫助學生迅速抓住文章的主要內容，又有幫助他們記憶文章中的一些細節，還可以減輕他們復述課文的難度，而且還能學到傳紀類文章的寫作方法。
1、敘述文
敘述文一般以講述個人生活經歷為主，對於經歷的陳述通常由一定的時間概念貫穿其中，或順序或倒序。但是四級考試中一般不出現單純的敘述文，因為單純的敘述文比較簡單、易懂。所以四級考試中的敘述文大多是夾敘夾議的文章。這類文章的基本結構模式是：
1) 用一段概括性的話引入要敘述的經歷(話題)
2) 敘述先前的經歷(舉例1)及其感悟或發現
3) 敘述接下來的經歷(舉例2)及其感悟或發現
4) 做出總結或結論
只要理解了這類文章的結構特點解答問題就相當簡單，因為這類文章後的閱讀理解試題大多是和文章的內容先後順序一致的細節題。
說明文的一般結構模式和敘述文的結構模式有相通之處即：提出問題（或以一個事例引出問題）---- （專家）發現直接原因----- 分析深層原因-----得出結論或找到出路。
知道了類似的文章結構特點，就可以據此來進行考題預測。就能判斷出幾個問題中肯定有一個要問原因，還有可能要出現推斷題。
2.議論文
我們大家最容易辨認出來的議論文模式是主張---反主張模式。在這一模式中，作者首先提出一種普遍認可的觀點或某些人認可的主張或觀點，然後進行澄清，說明自己的主張或觀點，或者說提出反主張或真實情況。
議論文的這種結構特點決定了它的主要題型是作者觀點態度題，文章主旨題以及推理判斷題。只要發現了這種結構特點，解答問題的主要任務就變成了到段落內找答案， 基本上不存在任何困難。
通過研究以上的文章結構特點，我們不難發現，在四級考試閱讀理解中無論任何體裁的文章都遵循著這樣一個共同的模式：提出話題（觀點或事例）---- 用事例分析原因(或批駁觀點)------得出結論。 對文章結構特點的把握有助於讀者更加自覺地關注文章的開始和結尾，分清觀點和事例，從而在四級考試的閱讀理解中准確定位，快速答題。
3.細讀題目
細讀題目，審視它們針對什麼提出問題。文章較短，可以先讀文章，後看思考題。若文章較長，為了能迅速抓住要點，也可先瀏覽思考題，然後帶著問題去讀文章，這樣，對文章的印象更深，能加深理解要點.
4.確定中心思想
在確定文章的中心思想時，要求學生重視閱讀文章的首句和末句，但也有一些文章，中心思想常常貫穿在全文中，因此要求學生綜觀全文對段落的內容要融會貫通，對文章有個透徹的理解。
我們應當把標題默念一兩遍，想像文章的內容和走向，這樣有利於對文章的理解，提高做題的效率。
（1）找出主題句，了解英語段落的組成
說明文和議論文的段落一般都有主題句，而且大多位於每段的開頭（少數情況位於段落末尾或中間）
一個完整的段落總是表達一個中心內容或主題，其通常可以用一句話來概括，即主題句。在說明文或議論文中，段落通常有四部分組成：主題句，整個段落的核心；發展句，對中心意思作進一步說明或描述，是整個段落的主體；過渡句，起承上啟下的作用；結論句，對內容進行歸納，起強調主題作用。
抓住每句的關鍵詞，特別是謂語動詞，抓住了謂語動詞（包括其賓語和附屬成分），也就抓住了句子的脈絡，也就能迅速地理解整個句子；另外，要注意識別代詞，如it，this，they，those，one等，根據上下文判斷其指代內容；注意識別省略成分，明確省略內容；注意識別邏輯用語（如：at first，for example， then等），從而准確理解全文的篇章結構；注意識別語法過渡詞（如：already，ago，often等）、語氣轉折詞（如：but，while，yet等）及時態等把握文脈
6.正確對待生詞
閱讀文章時，理解詞義是基礎。遇到忘記或根本不認識的單詞或一時看不懂的語言點，不要馬上停下來，應先做個記號放置一邊，繼續讀下去，通過上下文或構詞法大膽猜測生詞的含義，通過分析語法結構推敲語句的語義，以加快閱讀速度，提高閱讀理解的能力。
1）.根據語境，猜詞悟義
但如果課內課文同一個生詞在閱讀中多次出現，則可求助於字典。
猜詞悟義不僅應用於課外閱讀，而且可用於課文教學。讓學生先讀課文，再學生詞，有利於閱讀能力的培養。
2）.根據構詞法
3）.運用歸納法（敏特）
利用語境，分析句子結構的關系，結合常識來推測詞的意義，如同位語關系、反義關系、因果關系等，對文章句子理解的基礎上猜測詞義，加強閱讀理解的能力鞏固掌握所學語法知識。語法是語言的組織規律，是關於詞形變化和組詞成句的規則。熟練掌握和運用語法知識，如時態、語態、語氣，從句等
4）.定義法
文中常用解釋性詞語引出生詞含義，如to be，to be called, to call, that is，mean，in other words 等。有時也以同位語，定語從句的形式出現，或用破折號、括弧來表示。
5）.對比法。
在 but, however, yet, otherwise, though這些表示轉折意義的連詞出現的句子中，其前後的次有明顯的對比關系。根據已知的內容，通過這種對比關系，就很容易猜出生詞的意義了。
6）.生活常識法
7）.因果猜測法。
Because, since, as連接原因狀語從句，so, so…that, such…that連接結果狀語從句，通過前因後果的對比，依據已知部分，往往能猜出生詞的意義。
8）.and, or等詞連接的兩個詞、片語或短語在句中是屬於同意范疇的，作用也相同，因此可以推出其中新單詞的意義。
9）.例證法。
根據列舉的事例可以新單詞的意義。例如：I have a toothache. I need to go to the dentist.從toothache不難猜出dentist 為「牙科醫生」。
10）.注意連詞
連詞是閱讀中必須注意的一個重要方面。首先，它反映了句與句各層次意思之間的邏輯關系，如時間、因果、條件、讓步等等。其次，它顯示了文章思路的發展和段落組織的不同方法。
11）.標點符號（如破折號、冒號都表示解釋和說明）
12）.利用同義詞、反義詞進行猜測：
一些常見的標志詞語有or, like , similarly等，例如：Mr Smith loves to talk, and his wife is similarly loquacious.史密斯先生很健談，他的妻子也同樣好說。
很顯然，similarly是個語境線索，他暗示loquacious意為love to talk。而一些反義詞是揭示事物的不同點，形成鮮明的對比，以增強表達效果。常見的反義詞語境線索有：yet, but, unlike, however, although, while, not…but…,instead of…,on the other hand, on the contrary, by contrast, rather than等。
例如：a：Written language tends to be static, while spoken language constantly changes.書面語言是穩定的，而口頭語言則經常變化。
b：If you agree, write「yes」,if you dissent, write 「no」，顯然前者表示肯定，後者表示否定；由此推知dissent 是 agree的反義詞，即「不贊成」。
13).聯繫上、下文，結合常識進行推斷.
掌握具體事實和重要細節，變章確定了要表達的中心思想後，還必須通過許多細節的信息來進一步解釋或表達主題，體現中心思想，掌握這些細節是歸納概括文章中心思想的基礎，對於理解全文的作用是不容忽視的，閱讀文章時，要求學生養成辯動和記憶具體事實、重要細節的習慣，這些具體事實、重要細節是主題句的擴展、補充說明或例證，是用來支持說明中心思想的重要觀點.
14)邏輯推理
邏輯推理是深層理解的主要方法。根據文章提供的信息和自己已有的知識，理解並歸納出作者的立場、觀點、感情和寫作目的。通過提高邏輯分析能力以及培養語篇宏觀語境的推斷能力和想像力，從而提高閱讀理解能力。邏輯推理，挖掘深層內涵利用平常積累的詞語的辨析和感情色彩
7.按意群閱讀
按意群閱讀是提高閱讀速度的關鍵。將文章劃分為多個意群，從語篇的整體著眼，提高學生對整篇文章的概括力。如名詞有復數形式，有所有格形式，動詞有現在分詞、過去時和過去分詞。形容詞有比較級和最高級形式。一些詞有其固定的用法，如介詞後面要跟名詞或代詞作賓語，冠詞後面是名詞，情態動詞後面接動詞原形，連詞前後詞性和句式要保持一致。掌握了這些特點，一方面鞏固了基礎知識，閱讀時就可以以句子為單位，分清意群之間的關系，達到整體理解整體閱讀，從而提高閱讀速度和准確率。
8.閱讀應避免的問題：a.慢讀b.指讀c.聲讀d心讀
克服心讀的有效方法就是有意識地控制閱讀時間，讓學生將閱讀速度加快到超過最快的講話速度，使學生沒有時間去念每個單詞的音。
f.回視
一要先做一些較為簡單的閱讀材料，使他們覺得難度適中，樹立讀懂的信心。二要使學生不斷地自我提醒，克服這一壞習慣。
g.心譯
認識到閱讀英語時用英語思維模式（英語→英語）理解所閱讀內容的重要性，並在平時閱讀中自覺去克服方可奏效。
h.過多地依賴工具書
克服這一習慣的方法是讓學生學會猜測，掌握猜詞的技巧，利用上下文意思、構詞法、同義、反義、定義、解釋等技巧得到詞的意思。
9.細讀文章
細讀文章，掌握具體事實和重要細節內容。特別注意文中的人名、年齡、時間、地點、日期、年代、數字等。出題人有時故意在不同人的不同事件上做文章，有時故意將時間地點顛倒，把數字搞混等。因此，要有意留心這些細節，可邊讀邊用鉛筆作些標記，要逐步養成辨認和記憶重要細節的閱讀習慣。
10.熱身活動
在考前的一周，對學生進行考前熱身活動，幫助他們培養耐力，克服焦慮情緒。

⑹ 高考英語閱讀理解解題技巧

我任教英語多年了，關於英語閱讀理解的解題技巧，要抓住兩個個重點。

1、詞彙方面：詞彙是英語學習的基礎。

很多學生反映，在閱讀過程中覺得有些單詞非常面熟，可卻不知道是什麼意思，所以整篇文章理解起來記憶不知所雲，造成閱讀障礙。如果考試大綱要求記憶的詞彙沒有掌握的話，在通篇理解文章時就會困難重重。高效閱讀的方法需要訓練，是一種眼腦相互協調的高效率學習方法，一般情況下，培養閱讀者直接把視覺器官感知的文字元號轉換成意義，消除頭腦中潛在的發聲現象，形成眼腦直映，結合記憶訓練，用以提高學習效率。

由於大家平時對快速閱讀接觸不多，可以通過直接訓練，訓練大腦和眼睛的協調能力，去年，有學者推薦《精英特全腦速讀記憶軟體》作為假期學生學習計劃中，以為軟體練習30個小時就能使閱讀速度提高5-10倍左右，學習每天練習1-2個小時，兩個星期就能取得很好的效果，普通人300字每分鍾左右的閱讀速度會達到3000字每分鍾的閱讀速度，記憶力也相應的快速提升。這個建議得到了中央教科所心理研究室原主任、多年從事腦心理研究的專家朱法良的高度認可，目前我們學習很多班級開展的假期速讀速記訓練課程，用的就是《精英特全腦速讀記憶軟體》

2、為了節省時間在做閱讀的時候應該切忌：
（1）閱讀時不要逐字逐句的翻譯，這樣會導致閱讀速度的降低，要快速閱讀整篇文章，把握文章大意。
（2）不要一句話反復閱讀，即閱讀時碰到一時不理解的句子就一遍一遍地沉浸在閱讀那個句子當中，反復琢磨。其實完全沒有必要，因為要選對答案並不意味著對原文的每個句子都要讀懂，抓住一些重點句子就夠了，正確的做法是，以理解整個段落和整篇文章為主，在涵蓋出題點的句子上用心捉摸。上文中提到的《精英特速讀記憶》，超級速讀訓練同時就順帶訓練了記憶，而超級記憶部分的思維導圖對全面閱讀文章後，抓出文章脈絡和重點有良好的作用。所以建議大家可以嘗試著學習一下。

3、如果是正在考試或者正在忙著備考的學生，我建議學習一下《精英特》，能夠提高記憶力和學習效率，《精英特速讀記憶》也是我們協會認可的。希望你早日進步！

⑺ 高考英語閱讀選題目題如何做

一、考點聚焦
1、題型特點
閱讀是理解和吸收書面信息的能力。《中學英語教學大綱》規定，中學生應側重培養閱讀理解能力。
閱讀材料的選取原則為：
（1）閱讀量不少於1000個單詞。近三年超過2000字篇數為5篇，讀速要求為44.2，44.6和46.3wpm。
（2）題材多樣化，包括科普、社會、文化、政治、史地、經濟、新聞報道乃至廣告說明。
（3）體裁避免單一化，包括記敘文、說明文、應用文等。
2、試題要求
（1）掌握所讀材料的主旨和大意，以及用以說明主旨和大意的事實和細節。
（2）既理解具體的事實，也理解抽象的概念。
（3）既理解字面意思，也理解深層含義，包括作者的態度、意圖等。
（4）既理解某句、某段的意義也理解全篇的邏輯關系，並據此進行推理和判斷。
（5）能根據材料所提供的信息，結合中學生應有的常識正確判斷生詞的含義。
3、基本能力
（1）能迅速看準每句的結構，抓住主句的主語、謂語、賓語。
（2）有一定的詞彙量和辨詞能力。
（3）能靈活運用所學語法知識，根據句中的某個詞迅速斷定真假、語態和時態等。
（4）對英美文化背景知識有一定了解。
（5）有良好的思維能力，能邊看邊加工所得到的信息，從而作出正確分析、判斷和綜合。
（6）有平時大量閱讀作基礎，有一定的語感和相當的閱讀速度。

二、應試技巧點撥
1、四個步驟
（1）速讀短文，了解短文的主旨大意，辨別文體，掌握結構。
（2）看題。了解考查內容，帶著問題讀材料，尋找答案。
（3）復讀。對所選答案有針對性地尋找支撐論點的關鍵信息。
（4）核查。注意各題的答案應邏輯一致，不能自相矛盾。盡可能找到（從文中）根據，確保正確無誤。
2、四個善於
（1）關於審題，找出文中依據。
（2）善於尋找線索。
（3）善於抓主題句，解決概括題。
（4）善於篩選、比較、衡量、綜合文章的有用信息。
3、三個避免
（1）只見樹木不見林。
（2）難題耗時太多。
（3）閱讀方式不當。

三、精典範例
例1 （NMET 2001）
Shanghai: Car rentals（出租）are becoming more and more popular as an inexpensive way of taking to the roads. Business people, foreigners and families alike are making good use of the growing instry.

The first car rental firm opened in Shanghai in 1992 and now 12 car rental players are in the game, with more than 11,500 cars in their books.

The largest player—Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Rental Center offers a wide variety of choices—deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are big favorite.

Firms can attract enough customers for 70 percent of their cars every month. This figure shoots up ring holiday seasons like National Day, Labor Day and New Year's Day, with some recording 100 percent rental.

The major market force rests in the growing population of white-collar employees（白領雇員），who can afford the new service, said Zhuang Yu, marketing manager of Shanghai Angel car Rental Co.
( )1. The words "deluxe sedans","minivans"and "station wagons"used in the text refer to ___________.
A.cars in the making B.car rental firms
C.cars for rent D.car makers
( )2. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
A. 70% of the cars can be rented out on holiday.
B. 70% of the customers are while-collar employees.
C. More firms are open for service ring holiday seasons.
D. Some firms rent out all their cars ring holiday seasons.
( )3. Shanghai's car rental instry is growing so fast mainly e to ___________.
A. better cars supplied by procers.
B. fast service offered by car rental firms.
C. the increasing number of white-collar emplioyees.
D. people's growing interest in travelling ring holidays.
解析：
1.C。上文提到："Shanghai Bashi旅遊車租賃中心"提供了廣泛豐富的選擇，可判斷選擇的內容為可供租賃的車型。故選C。
2.D。文中提到的數據70%為"每月汽車租出量"，故A、B都不正確。"This figure shoots up ring holiday seasons …, with some recording 100 percent rental"判斷出D項陳述正確的，即"一些公司在節假日里能夠把汽車全部租出去。"
3.C。文章最後一段引用"汽車租賃中心市場經理"（Zhuang Yu）的話解釋了上海汽車租賃行車迅猛發展的原因根源於"the growing population of white-collar employees"。故選C。

例2：（2004年全國卷II）
Rome had the Forum. London has Speaker's Corner. Now always–on– the-go New Yorkers have Liz and Bill.

Liz and Bill, two college graates in their early 20s, have spent a whole year trying to have thousands of people talk to them in subway stations and on busy street corners. Just talk.

Using a 2-foot-tall sign that says,"Talk to Me."they attract conversatio- nalists, who one evening included a mental patient, and men in business suits.

They don't collect money. They don't push religion(宗教). So what's the point?

"To see what happens, said Liz."We simply enjoy life with open communication（交流）."
Shortly after the September 11,2001 attacks, they decided to walk from New York City to Washington, a 270-mile trip. They found they loved talking to people along the way and wanted to continue talking with strangers after their return.

"It started as a crazy idea,"Liz said."We were so curious about all the strangers walking by with their life stories. People will talk to us about anything: their jobs, their clothes, their childhood experiences, anything."

Denise wanted to talk about an exam she was about to take. She had stopped by for the second time in two days, to let the two listeners know how it went.

Marcia had lost her husband to a serious disease."That was very heavy on my mind,"Marcia said."To be able to talk about it to total strangers was very good,"she explained.

To celebrate a year of talking, the two held a get-together in a city park for all the people they had met over the past year. A few hundred people showed up, as well as some television cameramen and reporters.

They may plan more parties or try to attract more people to join their informal talks. Some publishers have expressed interest in a book, something they say they'll consider.
1. What did Liz and Bill start doing after September 2001?
A. Chatting with people. B. Setting up street signs
C. Telling stories to strangers D. Organizing a speaker's corner
2. What they have been doing can be described as .
A. pointless B. normal C. crazy D. successful
3. Why are Denise and Marcia mentioned in the text?
A. They knew Liz and Bill very well.
B. They happened to meet the writer of the text.
C. They organized the get-together in the city park.
D. They are examples of those who talked to Liz and Bill.
4. What will Liz and Bill do in the future?
A. Go in for publishing. B. Do more television programs.
C. Continue what they are doing. D. Spend more time reading books.
5. How do they like they idea of writing a book?
A. They have decided to wait a year or two
B. They will think about it carefully
C. They agreed immediately
D. They find it hard to do that
解析：
1.A。本篇講述了兩個大學畢業生與陌生人交談，傾聽人們向他們傾述的互惠的活動。文章從聯想開始，簡介Liz and Bill（這是兩個人的名字，又是交談與傾聽活動的名稱）做什麼，怎樣開始的，效果如何，未來打算等，其中等六段和第七段是插敘（從shortly after…到…experiences, anything.），講述的就是兩個年輕人怎樣開始這一活動的。故選A項；開始與人聊天。
2.D。Liz and Bill活動很成功。從倒數第二段可知：為慶祝該活動一周所舉辦的聚會，有許多人參加，記者和攝影師都來了，說明很成功。
3.D。Liz和Bill同許多人談生活，傾聽過許多人跟他們談心，Denise和Marcia是其中的兩人。提到他們來做例子。
4.C。最後一段的前一句說明他們還想吸引更多的人來加入這一活動，與他們聊天。故選C。
5.B。本題問Liz和Bill怎麼看待寫本書這回事，全篇最後一句可知，但本句結構較復雜。something是代詞，是a book的同位語，"they'll consider"是定語從句，"they say"起到插入語的作用。全句可譯為：有些出版商表達了給Liz和Bill 出本書的興趣，Liz和Bill說他們會考慮這件事。consider一詞可解釋為think about carefully，"something"指出書寫書。故選B。

例3：
My first reaction was annoyance. It was Friday afternoon, and I was within an hour of finishing my work for the week. As I was leaving, a nurse brought me one more patient message. The statement read: "Mrs.Jones called to say that she has had blurred vision（視覺模糊）ever since her medical test this morning."I smiled. Suddenly our tests were causing eye problems.

This week my patients had questioned everything. My patient with high blood pressure had stopped coming to her treatment on the advice of an Internet chat room. A woman who had a mental problem was substituting(用……代替)St . John's word for her medication. Now Mrs. Jones was imagining problems. I rolled my eyes.

My second reaction was worry. As I looked through her record, I tried to figure out why she would have blurred vision, but nothing in her record explained the new problem. She's probably just anxious, I thought. Still, she wouldn't have called if she had been all right. I picked up the phone.

What I next felt can only be described as delight. Before I made the call, the nurse ran in: Mrs. Jones called. Her vision is fine. Turns out she picked up the wrong glasses when she left the office. The X-raytechnician has been having the same problem. I let out a laugh. Mrs. Jones had been right. Her vision had been blurred. Now we know why.

Finally I felt shame. I came to realize what Mrs. Jones had taught me. I had first known she was wrong, that her anxiety had clouded her judgment. Instead, my medical training had clouded mine. Now I me for my help. They pay me to listen, diagnose（診斷），treat and talk. That suggests trust; I must remember that, and trust them too.

1.The writer smiled while reading the patient message because he knew .
A. Mrs. Jones would ask for more tests
B. the patient was being unreasonable
C. the nurse was joking with him
D. Mrs. Jones would call him
2. What had caused Mrs . Jones' eye problem?
A. Wrong glasses B. Medical checkup.
C. Her own imagination D. Chatting on the Internet
3.The underlined words"clouded her judgment"in the last paragraph probably mean .
A. made her less trustful toward the doctor
B. put her in control of her own feelings
C. made her less able to think clearly
D. put her in a dangerous situation
解析：
1.B。本篇講一個醫生要結束一周的工作時幾分鍾內的心理歷程。一周來，病人們不斷懷疑或不信任自己，其中一個病人Mrs.Jones也來電話說上午看完病後眼睛看不清東西，醫生先是煩躁，進而擔心焦慮是否真的有問題或病人只是在想像，再而是高興——Mrs.Jones只是戴錯了眼鏡，自己的診斷治療沒問題。最後是慚愧，病人還是信任自己的，自己也必須信任病人。文章第二段活用了許多過去完成時，說明這些事先發生，許多病人開始沒道理地懷疑自己，現在又輪到Mrs.Jones。所以醫生知道這位病人有些沒理性。
2.A。第四段的前幾句說明了Mrs.Jones視力正常，（下班）離開辦公室時拿錯了眼鏡。
3.C。畫線部分中cloud作動詞用，是用雲擋住的意思，整體畫線部分應是"影響了她的判斷力，使她不能正常思考"，本題可用代入法解決。

例4：
It's not the flashiest car in the world. Not even close. But the 1971 Volkswagen named Helios can do something most cars can't : run on solar energy—energy from the sun's light and head!
Joshua Bechtold, 14,and the other students at the Riverside School in Lyndonville, Vermont, worked They named their car after Helios, the sun god in Greek mythology（神話）。
The 4-year-old Tour de Sol encourages the use of "green",or environmen- tally friendly, cars to help rece pollution and save enengy. It's not a race. Cars are judged on fuel efficiency（耗油量）rather than speed. In the week-long event, 44 cars took the 350-mile tour from Waterbury, Connecticut, to Lake George, New York. Of the 23 student cars, Helios was the only one built by middle school students.

A teacher drove Helios, but the children talked with people wherever they stopped along the road."That was my favorite part,"says Anna Browne,15."We explained how the car runs."

Due in part to old, inefficient batteries（電池），Helios finished fourth—out of four—in its kind, the sun-powered class."We were there for the fun of it,"Anna says,"We're proud of Helios,"says Ariel Gleicher, 14."It's a car that's good for the environment."

1. What is special about the car Helios in the text?
A. It was built by middle school students
B. It has an attractive design
C. It was made in 1971
D. It won the fourth prize
2. How many sun-powered cars took part in the race?
A. 1 B. 4 C. 23 D. 44
3. What would be the best title for the text?
A. The Making of Helios
B. 1999 American Tour de Sol
C. Sun-powered Gars on the Road
D. Use of Green Cars in Connecticut
4. The students felt proud of Helios because .
A. it could run as far as 350 miles
B. it was favored by many children
C. it had high-quality batteries
D. it was driven by clean energy
解析：
1.A。從第一段"run on solar energy"和第二段"Joshua Bechtold,14, and the other students…worked many months to get Helois ready."可知本車利用太陽能，並且由學生製做。
2.B。從最後一段"Helois finished fourth-out of four-in its kind, the sun-powered class"可知，四輛同類車參賽，Helois得第四名。
3.C。全文講述Helois這類太陽能車。本文不止講Helois的製作，排除A。本文講Helois參賽前後的事，不以賽事為主，排除B。環保汽車的使用不止在Connectinut, 排除D。
4.D。學生們對此車感到自豪是因為該車環保，而非車速或小孩子喜歡，且它的電池舊而效率低，排除其他各項。

例5：
The other day, my friend Jane was invited to a 40th birthday party. The time printed on the invitation was 7:30 pm. Jane went off with her husband, expecting a merry evening of wine, food, and song.

By 9:45,everybody was having great fun, but no food had appeared. Jane and David were restless. Other guests began whispering that they, too, were starving. But no one wanted to leave, just in case some food was about to appear. By 11:00, there was still no food, and everyone was completely off their heads. Jane and David left hungry and angry.

Their experience suggests that the words on the printed invitations need to be made clearer. Everyone reads and understands the invitations differently. Most of us would agree that 6:30—8:30pm means drinks only, go out to dinner afterwards; 8:00pm or 8:30pm means possible dinner, but 9:30pm and any time thereafter means no food, eat beforehand, roll up late.

But this is not always the case. If asked to a students' party at 6:30pm, it is normal for guests not to appear before midnight, if at all, and no one cares. Being the first to arrive—looking eager—is social death. When my mother asked to a party for 6:30, she likes to be there, if not on time, then no later than seven. My age group (late thirties)falls somewhere between the two, but because we still think we're young. We're probably closer to student-time than grown-up time.

The accepted custom at present is confusing（混亂的），sometimes annoying, and it often means you may go home hungry, but it does lend every part that precious element（成分）of surprise.
1. The underlined words"off their heads"probably mean .
A. tired B. crazy C. curious D. hopeless
2. Jane and David's story is used to show that .
A. party-goers usually get hungry at parties
B. party invitations can be confusing
C. people should ask for food at parties
D. birthday parties for middle-aged people are ll
3. For some young people, arriving on time for a students' party will probably be considered .
A. very difficult B. particularly thoughtful
C. friendly and polite D. socially unacceptable
4. According to the writer, people in their late thirties .
A. are likely to arrive late for a party
B. care little about the party time
C. haven't really grown up yet
D. like surprises at parties
5. What is the general idea of the text? .
A. It's safe to arrive late just when food is served
B. It's wise to eat something before going to a party
C. It's important to follow social rules of party-going
D. It's necessary to read invitations carefully
解析：
1.B。參加晚會的人沒吃晚飯，到晚11點，人們餓瘋了。
2.B。開頭的故事做為例子，說明邀請信函令人迷茫，人們無法把握該如何去做。
3.D。第四段前幾句說明，年輕的學生赴晚會遲到很正常。急切地第一個趕到的人太少見了。
4.A。第四段最後提及三十多歲的人參加晚會的時間接近學生的時間，故可能遲到。
5.C。全文可知，不同年齡段的人到達晚會的時間不同，對晚會時間理解不同，不遵從社會習慣，便會出現餓肚子等現象。所以，按社會習俗參加晚會極為重要。

例6：
Cannes will rock to the sound of a cancan dance this year when Moulin Rouge by the Australian director Baz Luhrmann opens the French film festival

(電影節)in May. The musical stars Nicole Kidman as a singer, and John Leguizamo as the artist Henri de Toulouse-Lautree. It will be competing for the palme d'Or, the festival's top prize. The festival runs to May 21.

The American actor Tommy Lee Jones, 54, has married his longtime girlfriend, Dawn Maria Laurel, 36, in a private wedding in San Antonio."It wasn't a big to-do,"said Fred Biery, a U.S. District Judge who performed the service. He refused to discuss things further."These are very private people,"he said.
Loretta Lynn is being treated for a very bad cold in Tennessee and will miss several appearances. The country singer, 65, was admitted to a hospital near her home in Hurricane Mills."She is in good condition, but the doctors are watching her closely,"a spokeswoman said.

The French-Algerian singer Enrico Macias was named a United Nations peace messenger. Enrico joins eight other people who act as goodwill envoys（使者）for the United Nations, among them are the writer Elie Wiesel and the basketball player Magie Johnson.
1. We can learn from the text that Henri de Toulouse-Lantree is .
A. a figure in a film B. a dancer in a show
C. a country singer D. a prize winner
2. We know from the text that .
A. Moulin Rouge won the top prize in a film festival
B. Loretta Lynn is under the doctor's care
C. eight people serve as the UN goodwill enjoys
D. Fred Biery was Tommy Lee Jones' assistant
3. This text most probably appears in .
A. a book on film stars B. a film review in a magazine
C. a newspaper D. a notice
解析：
1.A。第一段"…and John Leguizamo as the artist Hentti de You-louse－ Lautree."可知，as前省略了will act, as前的人是一個演員，其後的人是電影中的角色。
2.B。第四段"She (Loretta Lynn)is in good condition, but the doctors are watching her closely"可知答案。Moulin Rough（一部影片）即將參加電影節，尚未獲獎，排除A。Enrico Macias同其他八人一道，共九人，排除C。Fred Biery是一個法官，故排除D。
3.C。全文四小段文章均是關於影視娛樂圈的事，應該是從報紙的休閑娛樂欄目中選取的文章。

來自www.jxue.com/mid

⑻ 怎樣做好高考英語閱讀理解的主旨大意題

主旨大意題是高考閱讀理解的主要題型之一， 旨在考查考生對鍛煉大意或者文章中心思想的把握和歸納能力。
解題前先要了解主旨大意題的分類。

大部分情況下，主旨大意題可分為兩種，①篇章主旨：針對全文的主題進行提問。主題句出現在首段的居多，其次是末段。②段落主旨：針對某一段或幾段的主題提問。主題句可能是段落的首句、末句，也可能需要從上下文中尋找或總結。

所以對於說明文和論述文這2中問題，如果問篇章主旨的話，解題重點在於看首段；段落主旨重點在於看該段首句。

而如果是記敘文，就需要通讀全文，看懂全文在講什麼？然後進行回答。

最後必須了解關注主旨大意題干擾項的特點。我們了解干擾項的特點,有助於迅速、果斷地排除這些干擾項,從而確定正確的答案.通常情況下,干擾項具有如下五個特點：

1.主題變大.干擾項所歸納、概括的范圍變大,超過文章實際所提及的內容.

2.斷章取義.干擾項常以文章中的個別信息或個別字眼作為選項的設計內容,或者以次要的事實或細節充當全文的主要觀點.

3.以偏概全.干擾項只表述了文章的部分內容,也就是文章的局部信息.

4.無中生有,似是而非.有的干擾項中的關鍵詞語好似在文章中談到了,但認真分析之後會發現這類干擾項的內容與文章的內容毫無聯系.

5.張冠李戴.命題者有意地把屬於A的特徵放在B的身上,構成一個干擾項.我們不注意的情況下,會造成錯選答案.

⑼ 高三，高考英語閱讀理解要怎麼做才能保證很高准確率

平時要多做閱讀練習，在練習中提高閱讀解題能力，閱讀的材料還是以真題為主,不要在細節甚至語法上面花時間,關鍵是把握文章的大體結構,作者所持的態度等等.問到細節了再回原文定位.類比反義如果沒有把握拿非常高的分數的話,閱讀最好不要放棄。 其次要提高閱讀的速度： 提高英語閱讀的速度，靠的不是一日之功，通常需要相當長一段時間的學習及訓練。但過，加強英文基礎訓練、掌握必要的測試技巧和鄙棄一些壞習慣，都會有助於考生們閱讀文章是加快速度。 2.英語完形填空應試技巧:)~~ 「完形填空」題旨在測試學生綜合運用英語的能力，做此題必須通篇考慮，掌握大意，綜合運用所學詞彙、語法及常識進行判斷推理。解此類題主要從以下四步做起： 1.重視首句，把握開篇。完形填空一般無標題，首句一般不留空白，是完整的一句，全文信息從此開始。細讀首句，可判斷文章體裁，預測全文大意和主旨。 2. 速讀全文，掌握大意。速讀全文要一氣呵成，盡管有空格、生詞或不明白的地方，仍要快速讀下去。讀時要注意找出關鍵詞、中心詞，劃出某些代表人物和情節的詞，以便於形成思路。要注意不要在未掌握大意的基礎上，邊閱讀，邊做題，這樣速度慢、准確率低。 3. 瞻前顧後，靈活答題。「瞻前顧後」，即先讀所填詞的句子，回顧上一句，兼顧下一句。如果一句中有兩個空白待填，在初定答案時要「雙管齊下」，在兩處同時試填，然後通讀全句，確定答案。答題方法：1）擇優法：根據文章及結構邊讀邊填，如果能夠立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐個考證其餘答案。2）排除法：如答案一時難以確定，可按空格位置，從語法結構、詞語搭配、上下文語境、習慣用法、詞義辨析等方面，對選項逐項分析試填。排除干擾項，從而確定正確答案。 4.復核全文，調整答案。把填好的短文通讀一遍，進行核查同時注意以下三點： 1．上下文的一致性：即時態語態的一致；代詞、名詞、單復數的一致。 2．從語法和慣用法及習慣搭配、甚至語感入手，看是否符合上下文的邏輯。 3．段與段、句與句之間的銜接是否連貫。 提高英語完形填空水平 一、完形填空題的特點： 1、完形填空（Cloze Test）是在一篇200字左右的短文中，留出25個空格，讓考生從題目提供的四個選擇項中選出一個最佳答案，使補足後的短文意思通順、前後連貫、結構完整。考生在答題時應通篇考慮，掌握大意，綜合運用有關知識。 2、完形填空題把英語知識與英語運用有機地結合在一起，把短文任意填空和單項選擇填空兩種題型的優點集中在一起，以「完形」的方式考查學生的綜合運用語言知識的實際能力。這樣不僅考查了學生的英語知識，還考查了學生的快速閱讀能力，閱讀理解能力，邏輯判斷能力。答題時，要做到單句理解與語篇理解的統一，語言知識與語言能力的統一。 3、完形填空題中單純考查語法知識和詞彙知識的試題幾乎不復存在，絕大多數考題的四個選項在語法和詞語搭配上都無懈可擊，有的在意義上很接近，有的從其所處的句子或短落而言難辨是否，然而結合具體的語言環境，卻只有一個最佳答案。此外，考查點大都集中在實詞上，尤其是動詞、名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞等。這些詞的本身具有時間、地點、人物、動作、感情等意義。虛詞，如冠詞、連詞、介詞等則占較小的比例。 近幾年高考英語「完形填空」試題各選項詞類統計。 動詞 名詞 形容詞 副詞 連詞 代詞 介詞 1994 2 9 4 1 2 0 2 1995 6 6 2 2 1 0 3 1996 10 3 6 2 1 0 0 1997 13 9 0 1 1 0 1 二、完形填空題解題步驟 第一步，通讀全文，了解文章大意，獲得整體印象。通讀全文包括短文和各個選擇項，同時初選出一批較有把握的答案。此時不必為某個選擇項停下來長久思考。 第二步，在第一遍通讀全文了解中心大意及初選後，第二步即可邊核對初選答案邊補填留下的空格。如果短文難度較大，則可復讀幾遍，同時核對和確定答案。有些空格一時決定不了，不必死扣住不放，可在試卷上打個記號，待復查時再確定。 第三步，復查定稿。此時應從整體理解角度出以，仔細審核復一個答案，確保意義上、語法上沒有錯誤，同時對遺留下來的少數幾個空格作最後選擇。 三、完形填空題的解題技巧 1、前後照應。完形填空題有時提供的幾個選擇項孤立地從一個句子看或是從一個段落看似乎都可以，但需要從整篇文章上下文結合起來看，才能選出正確答案。在作出選擇時，一定要前後照應，時刻不離開上下文。而且隨著對短文的理解逐步深入，對已作出的選擇進行必要的修正。 2、篩選排除。和試卷其餘部分的選擇題一樣，完形填空題也可採取此法，即把語法上、意義上、邏輯上明顯不合理的選項先剔除，這樣就縮小選擇面，保證選題的准確性。 3、合理推理。有些選項語法上沒有問題，意義上十分接近，區分難度較大。這就需要根據上下文、思維規律及一般常識來進行判斷推理。 4、意形兼顧。選擇答案時，既要注意語法又要兼顧意思。選擇中往往有一些似是而非的東西，稍不留意就會作出錯誤的選擇。參考資料：

⑽ 如何做高考英語閱讀理解推

主旨大意題

主旨大意題主要考查學生對所讀材料(或所讀材料片斷)中心思想的概括。做這類題時，考生應通讀全文，把握文章大意或中心思想，同時注意文章的主題句，因為主題句表達中心思想，其他句子均圍繞主題句進行展開。主題句通常位於文章第一段首句、第一段末句或全文末句等地方，但位於段落中間(通常是第一段或最後一段的中間)也是完全可能的。主旨大意題的考查形式很多，如概括標題、主題、段意、中心思想等。請看下面一個段落：
In the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget. But none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant. The work was hard; the pay was poor; and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible.
◎What is the subject discussed in the text?
A. The writer』s unhappy school life
B. The writer』s eagerness to earn money
C. The writer』s experience as a full-time worker
D. The writer』s hard work in an apple plant
原文共有五個自然段，上面摘錄的只是文章的第1個自然段，但是如果考生訓練有素的話，只要讀完這個段落就可猜出此題的答案了。因為文章第一句說In the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget，接著作者用but引出一個新的情況(即主題句)：none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant. 再接下來又說：The work was hard; the pay was poor; and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible. 聰明的讀者至此應該可以猜測到，下面的幾個段落肯定是介紹這個apple plant 的work是如何的hard，它的pay是如何的poor，它的working conditions 是如何的terrible 等。比較四個選項，只有選項D所表述內容合乎上面的分析，故選D。

事實細節題

顧名思義，事實細節題即指針對文章的某個事實或細節而設置的試題。事實細節題的命題方法很多，如可能是對某個細節用同義結構轉換後進行考查、也可能是將文章中的幾個細節(通常是四個)放在一起要求考生判斷是非(選出正確的一項或選出錯誤的一項)或對幾個細節進行排序等。解答這類試題時，一個常用的方法就是運用定位法，即根據題干或選項中的線索詞從原文中找到相關的句子，與選項進行比較從而確定答案(此時要特別注意一些常見的同義轉換或簡單換算)。請看下面一道事實細節題：
Tuition Fees(學費)
Tuition fees are different from department to department, generally from $5,000 to $6,000 a year. For further information: [email protected]
Accommodation(住宿)
You can have a room in a 4-bedrcom flat, which will cost about $100 a month with other regular living costs of about $150 a month for one person. For further information: [email protected]
◎You have to pay at least ______ a year if you study at the University of Waikato.
A. $5,250 B. $8,000 C. $9,000 D. $11,000
根據Tuition fees一節的內容可知，一年的學費最低為5,000美元，再根據Accommodation(住宿)一節可知，除學費外，還有住宿費(每月100美元)和生活費(每月150美元)，即一年大約共3,000美元，所以在WaiKato大學讀書一年至少要花費5,000+3,000=8,000美元，故答案為B。

代詞指代題

這類題要求考生根據一定的上下文推測代詞的指代意義，它主要考查考生在一定語境中對上下文邏輯關系的正確理解。做這類題時，考生不僅要讀懂相關句子的句意，理順相關句子的邏輯關系，而且還要學會合理變通，尤其要學會變通理解其中的同義表達。請看下面一個片斷和一個道詞義猜測題：
Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this. Nothing in such statements supports the idea that there is anything very different about the problem solving that leads to discoveries of the great contributions to the society. The act of discovery, even in the relatively predictable(可以預見的) sense that it occurs in everyday learning, involves(涉及) a 「sudden insight」 which changes the problem situation into a solution situation. As we have seen, everyday discovery also requires that the learner have the knowledge of the rules gained in the past, which is involved in the solution.
What does the underlined word 「this」 refer to?
A. Great contributions to the society.
B. Long-time study of the subject matter.
C. Various statements about problem solving.
D. Complete devotion to artistic creation.
此題答案選B。答案的直接依據是文章中的Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this 這兩句話。從句意和句子結構上看，this在此指代的應是they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time，比較四個選項，只有B與之吻合，因為選項中的long-time與原文中的over fairly long periods of time屬同義表達，選項中的study of the subject matter 與原文中的devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem屬同義表達。

詞義猜測題

即要求考生根據一定的上下文猜測生詞的詞義。它是高考英語閱讀理解中的一個難點，同學們應引起充分重視。猜測生詞詞義的方法很多，常用的有同義解釋法、因果推斷法、前後對比法、基本構詞法、語境理解法、舉例說明法、常識背景法、類屬分析法等。請看下面一道詞義猜測題：
More American people take their troubles with them on holiday, according to a new survey. Although 40 percent said that the main reason for going away is to escape pressure(壓力) from work, almost all said they worry more than they do at home. Only four in every 100 said that they are happy and free of care.
The underlined word 「survey」 in the first paragraph most probably means ______.
A. research B. review C. exhibition D. examination
此題答案選A。比較四個選項，同時結合常識，文中所提到的事實和數據應該是「調查和研究」得出的（其他幾個選項可排除）。