石化类专业英语阅读

A. 中国石化专业技术人员英语学习参考用书是个什么书

职称英语书。

B. 二十篇英语阅读理解

Most people who work in the office have a boss (老板). So do I (我也是). But my boss is a little unusual. What's unusual about him? It's a big dog. Many men have dogs, but few men bring their dogs to the office every day. My boss's dog. Robinson, is big and brown. My boss brings him to work every day. He takes the dog to meetings and he takes the dog to lunch. When there is telephone call for my boss, I always know if he is in the office. I only look under his desk. If I see something brown and hairy (毛绒绒的) under it, I know my boss is somewhere in the office. If there is no dog , I know my boss is out.
（ ）6. People _________bring dogs to the office.
A. usually B. often
C. seldom (几乎不) D. sometimes
（ ）7. My boss is Robinson's ________.
A. boss B. master
C. classmate D. teacher
（ ）8. Robinson goes to meetings _________ my boss.
A. for B. without
C. instead of (代替) D. with
（ ）9. Robinson is always under the desk if the boss is _________.
A. in the office B. at meetings
C. out of the office D. out of work
（ ）10. The passage tells us the boss _________ the dog very much.
A. looks like B. hates (恨)
C. likes D. trust(信任)
C B D A C
6. 由日常生活的常识可知，很少有人带狗上班
7. 通读全文，我的BOSS 是个人，也就是说是狗的主人
8. with有“跟某人一起”的意思，例如：I go to see a film with my parents.”
10. 通过整篇文章的阅读，可以判断除了C外，其他的选项都不符合原文的意思．

(一)
Can You Tell Me?(你能告诉吗)
A father asks him son “How many letters are there in the Alphabet (字母表)?”“I don't know,”says his son. His father says, “You don't know? You are in school for many years and you don't know how many letters are there in the Alphabet?”He is very angry(生气).
His son says, “No. But let me ask you a question(问题), Dad. You often go to the post office(邮局), please tell me how many letters are there in the post office?”
( )1.From the story, we know the son is good at(擅长) English.
( )2.The son studies at school over (超过) one year.
( )3.The father gets angry because his son is not polite (有礼貌) to him.
( )4.The father knows how many letters there are in the post office.
( )5.There are twenty-six letters in the Alphabet.
(二)
Too Polite(礼貌过头了)
There are many people in the bus. Some have seats, but some have to(不得不) stand. At a bus stop, a woman gets on the bus. An old man hears the door and tries (试着) to stand up.
“Oh, no, thank you,” the woman forces (强迫) him back to the seat. “Please don't do that. I can stand.”
“But, madam(夫人), let me…,”says the man.
“I ask you to keep your seat(坐在你的座位上)，” the woman says. She puts(放) her hands on the old man's shoulder(肩膀).
But the man still(仍然) tries to stand up,“Madam, will you please let me…?”“Oh, no,”says the woman. She again(又) forces the man back.
At last(最后) the old man shouts(大声喊), “I wants to get off(下车) the bus!”
( )1.All the people have seats in the bus.
( )2.An old man gets on the bus at a bus stop.
( )3.The old man wants to give his seat to he woman.
( )4.The woman sits the old man's seat.
( )5.The old man wants to get off the bus.
(一)(1)× (2)√ (3)× (4)× (5)√
(二)(1)× (2)× (3)× (4)× (5)√

Jim is an English boy. He comes to China with his father and mother. They come here to work. Jim comes here to study.

He is in No. 5 Middle School. He gets up early every day. He isn’t late for school. He studies hard. He can read and write English well. He often helps us with our English, and we often help him with his Chinese. After class he likes playing football, swimming, running, jumping and riding. He makes many friends here. We are glad to stay with him. On Sunday he often helps his mother clean the house, mend something or do the shopping. He likes Chinese food very much.

He likes living here. He likes Chinese students very much. We all like him , too.

根据短文内容，判断以下句子的正误。对的在括号内填“ T ”, 错的填“ F ”。( 10 分)

( F )1. He gets up late every day.

( T )2. He often teaches us English.

( F )3. After class , he likes singing and playing basketball.

( T )4. On Sunday he often helps his mother clean the house.

( F )5. He doesn’t like Chinese food.

I am a girl.My English name is Linda.I am eleven years old.I have eight subjects at school.They are Chinese,math,English,P.E.,music,art,science and history.

My favorite subject is Chinese.I think it is interesting.I also like English.But it's a little difficult for me.I can speak only a little English.History is interesting ,too.I like it.Math is difficult.Mr Wang is our math teacher.He is very strict.I'm usually tired after his class.But I work hard.I think I can study it well.

⒈Linda is ______.(A)
A.11 B.12 C.13

⒉Linda has ______subjects at school.(C)
A.six B.seven C.eight

⒊Linda's favorite subject is ______.(A)
A.Chinese B.English C.math

⒋Linda thinks English is ______.(C)
A.difficult B.interesting C.a little difficult

⒌______ is NOT true.(B)
A.Linda can speak a little English.
B.Mr Wang is Linda's history teacher.
C.Linda thinks she can study math well.

The Farmer, His Horse, and His son
Once there was an old farmer, with a horse which was almost as old as himself.
He set out one morning with his son to sell the horse before it died. Father
and son walked, because the farmer did not want the horse to be too tired.
They met two men on the road who said, "Why are you walking, farmer? You have
a horse, It's a long way to market(市场). "The farmer know that this was true,
so he rode on the horse, while his son walked.
Then they met two old women, "What are you doing up there, farmer? Can't you
see how tired boy is?" So the farmer got down, and his son rode instead.\$
Next, three old men stopped them, one said, "Why are you walking, farmer?
Get up, It's too hot for an old man like you to walk today," So the farmer got
up behind his son, and they rode on.
Some time later, a young woman passed them, "Why aren't you walking?" she
asked, "It isn't far to the market. Give your poor horse a rest."
So the farmer, and his son, got down once again. It is a fact that you cannot
please all the people all the time.

1. The farmer wanted to sell the horse ____.
A. before it was dead
B. before it become too tired
C. before it market was over
D. before it was as old as he was
#A
2. The two men on the road ____.
A. asked how far it was to the market
B. said they thought the horse looked very tired
C. asked why the farmer was not riding on his horse
D. told the farmer's son to get off the horse and walk
#C
3. The two old women said it was wrong for ____.
A. the farmer to ride such a tired horse
B. the farmer to ride while his young son walked
C. the boy to ride instead of his father
D. only one person to ride such a long way
#D
4. The farmer got up behind his son because ____.
A. the old man said it was too hot for him to walk
B. the three old men stopped them on the road
C. he did not know why he was walking
D. his son could not ride the horse by himself
#A

阅读理解

（A）阅读短文，判断正误。正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”。

Mr Jones and Mr Brown work in the same office (办公室).One day Mr Jones says to Mr Brown ,

“I will have a small party at our house on Monday evening . Would you and your wife like to

come ?”
Mr Brown says , “Thank you very much . I’d love to , but let me ask my wife first .”

So Mr Brown goes to the other room and telephones his wife . Then he comes back and looks very

worried .

“What’s the matter?” asks Mr Jones . “Is you wife there at home ?”

“No,” answers Mr Brown . “She isn’t there . My small son answers the telephone . I

say to him , ‘Is your mother there , David ?’ and he answers ‘No , she isn’t in the

house.’‘Where is she ?’ I ask ,‘She is somewhere outside(在外面) .’‘What’s she doing?’

‘She is looking for me .’”

1．There is a party at Mr Jones’s house on Monday evening .

2．Mr Jones asks Mr Brown and his wife to go to the party .

3．The telephone is in Mr Brown’s office.

4．Mr Brown speaks to Mrs Brown on the telephone .

5．Mrs Brown is looking for her son .

(B)阅读短文，选择正确答案。

One Sunday morning Mr Green and his child , Bill ,are in a big shop . Mr Green wants to

buy a new blouse for Mrs Green . Bill likes oranges , so his father buys two kilos(公斤)of

oranges for him , too . Bill wants to buy some picture—books and colour pencils , too . There

are many people in the shop . They are men and women , old and young . They all want to buy

something there .

6．Mr Green goes to the shop with .

A．Mrs green B．his son C．his daughter D．his father

7．Mr Green wants to buy a new blouse for .

A．Bill’s mother B．Bill C．his friend D．other people

8．Bill likes .

A．all the things B．the new blouse C．oranges D．orange

9．Bill wants to buy .

A．some picture—books B．some colour pencils C．clothes in the shop D．A and B

10．The shop is .

A．empty B．close C．full of children D．full of people

答案:（A）1.T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T

（B）6.B 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. D 谢谢采纳！

C. 请告诉我一款中英文翻译软件，要求石油石化专业性强

在网上下载金山词霸2007 又可以翻译 ! 还可以朗读 非常好用的!

D. 跪求50篇英语阅读理解题（带答案）

（2）
No.4 middle School
Kunming ,yunnan
April 2nd ,2004
Dear editor (编辑) ，
I live in a beautiful city . Many visitors come to my city . there are so many colorful peacocks (孔雀) here .
The peacocks mostly live on the grass land of Dongfeng Square
They are given food freely by visitors . They usually throw food to them , and don’t think about at all whether the food is right or not . Some of the peacocks became ill , some even died after eating the bad food given by the visitors.
I’m sure most of the visitors who throw food to the peacocks really like the birds , but don’t realize (意识到) that they may be doing them harm (伤害).
The visitors should be told that what have done is very harmful to the birds , and this kind of thing must be stopped from happening .
Perhaps we can build some small shops beside Dongfeng Square to sell peacock food . For us every person , it’s our ty to give more love to these beautiful birds and to look after them carefully.
Yours,
Sun Yan
()6.Many visitors come to the writer’s city to __________.
A. do some shopping B. see beautiful peacocks
C. play on Dongfeng square D. eat nice food
()7.Some peacocks became ill and died because some visitors ______;
A. did’t give them any food B. gave them too much food
C. threw them some bad food D. loved them and played with them
()8.Some shops can be built beside Dongfeng Square so that they may _____________.
A.sell food for visitors B. sell food for peacocks
C.make the square more beautiful D.have the beautiful birds
()9.From the passage we know people should __________.
A. live and play with the birds
B. stop the birds from eating too much
C. give right food to the birds
D. give more food to the birds
()10.We can guess the writer of the letter, Sun Yan , may be a _____.
A. visitor B. shopkeeper C.square keeper D. student
6-10：B C B C D
（3）
Every town in the United States has a post office . Some are very small , and you may also find them in the corner of a shop . Others are larger buildings . They are open five days a week and on Saturday mornings . From Monday through Friday they are usually open from 8:30 to 4:30 .
If you know how much the postage (邮资) is for your letter , you can buy stamps at any window. In some post offices you can buy stamps from machines . Stamps are sold many different prices , from one cent (美分) to many dollars . If you are not sure how much postage is for you letter , you may ask the man or the woman in the post office for help . he or she will give you the stamps you need . If you are sending your letter far away , you should use airmail envelopes (航空信封) . Remember that postage will be more expensive for a letter to be sent outside the country.
At a post office you can also buy postcards . A postcard is cheaper than a letter . Usually the price of postage for a postcard is about half that of a letter . The postcards that you buy at a post office do not have pictures . However ,also they are not to be sent outside the country .
Letters are an easy and cheap way to keep in touch with people in many different countries .
()11.The passage tell us that we can find ________ easily in the United States of America.
A. post office s B.large buildings
C.small shops D.different banks
()12.The post offices in the United States are open _________.
A.seven hours a day B.six hours a day
C.five hours a day D.eight hours a day
()13.If you are not sure how much postage is for your letter ,you can____.
A. go and buy stamps from the machine in the post officesend a cheap postcard instead of your letter
B. get in touch with somebody you know in the post office
C.ask the man or the woman in the post office for help
()14.The price of postage for ________ is more expensive.
A.a beautiful postcard B.a letter written on envelope
C.a letter by airmail D.a postcard with pictures
()15.The passage tells us something about ________ in the USA
A.the post B.the postage C.letters D.postcards
11-15 A D D C A
（4）
Long, long ago there was a very foolish thief. Do you know what he did one day? When he wanted to steal(偷) the bell on his neighbour’s door, he walked up to the door, took hold of(抓住) the bell and pulled hard. The bell made a very loud noise. The thief was afraid and went home.
Then he sat down to think, “ must do something about the noise,” he said. He thought and thought. At last he had an idea. “Ah, I’ll put some cotton in my ears. Then I won’t be able to hear the noise.” The next day he went to the door of his neighbour, and took hold of the bell. This time he pulled even harder. The bell rang loudly, but the thief did not hear anything. With another hard pull he got the bell out. Just then the neighbour came running out.
“Steal my bell? I’ll teach you a lesson(教训),” the angry man shouted. And he hit the thief on the nose.
The foolish thief did not know how the neighbour found out he was stealing the bell. “Why did he come out just then?” he wondered (感到疑惑).
( )16. The thief was trying to get .
A. his neighbour B. his neighbour’s doorbell
C. some cotton D. a door with a bell on it
( )17. The thief put some cotton in his ears. He thought it would be for him to steal the doorbell.
A. safe B. difficult C. dangerous D. easy
( )18. The neighbour ran out probably(很可能) because .
A. he knew his doorbell was being stolen
B. he thought someone was eager (渴望的) to visit him
C. he realized (意识到) something strange happened
D. Both B and C
( )19. The neighbour hit the thief to .
A. give him lessons B. punish (惩罚) him for stealing
C. help him with the bell D. be his teacher
( )20. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The thief understood why he was hit on the nose.
B. The thief knew why the neighbour came out.
C. The thief thought the neighbour couldn’t hear the noise the bell made.
D. The thief didn’t want to know why the neighbour ran out.
16-20 B A D B C
（5）
A farmer was put in prison(监狱). One day, he got a letter from his wife.
“I am worried about out farm,” she wrote. “It’s time to plant potatoes ,
but I can’t do all the digging(挖) by myself.”
The farmer thought over and then had an idea. He wrote to his wife,“Don’t dig
the fields. This id where my gold(金子) is. Don’t plant potatoes until I comehome.
A few days later, the farmer got anther letter from his wife. It said, “Two days
ago, about ten prison guards(监狱看守) came to our fields. It looked as if they were looking for something. They have g our field.”
The farmer wrote to his wife at once. “Now you can plant our potatoes,” he wrote.
( )21.The farmer was put in prison ________.
A. because he had done something wrong
B. because he had a lot of gold in the fields
C. The writer didn’t say anything about why the farmer was put in prison
D. For nothing
( )22.The farmer’s wife was much worried about _____ .
A. her husband B. their farm C. planting potatoes D. herself
( )23.The farmer told his wife __ first.
A. not to dig the fields B. to dig the fields
C. to ask the prison guards for help D. to find the gold in the fields
( )24.Why did the prison guards dig the farmer’s fields ?________.
A. They wanted to help the farmer
B. Their leader ordered them to do so
C. The farmer asked them to do so
D. They wanted to find out the gold
( )25.Why did the farmer ask his wife to plant potatoes at once ? Because _____.
A. their fields had been g
B. the gold was found out
C. the prison guards asked him to do so
D. the prison guards were digging the fields
21—25 C B A D A
（6）
An owl is a bird with very large eyes. Those eyes make the owl look clever. The owl can not move its eyes freely as people can. It can only look straight ahead (朝前). If it wants to look at both sides, it must turn its neck.
Owls see better at night than ring the day. At night they look for food. They eat mice and insects.
Owls make a strange noise because the owls sleep most of the day. They usually give their cries at night. The cry sounds like “Whoo! Whoo!”. This strange sound sometimes frightens people at night.
26. An owl looks clever because it can look straight ahead.
27. An owl looks for food at night because it sees better at night than ring the day.
28. An owl lives on all kinds of birds.
29. The cry of an owl is frightening.
30. Man must not kill owls because they are helpful to people.
26-30 B A B A A
（7）
Coffee has become the most popular American drink. Today people in the United States drink more coffee than people in any of the other countries. People drink coffee at breakfast, at lunch, at dinner and between meals. They drink hot coffee or coffee with ice in it. They drink it at work and at home. They eat coffee ice-cream and coffee candy. Coffee is black and very strong. Different people like to drink it in different ways. Some people like coffee with cream or sugar in it. Other people like coffee with both cream and sugar in it. In all ways it is served. Coffee has become an international drink.
31. Coffee is an ____________ drink.
A . interesting B. international C. ice-cream D. American
32. Different people like to drink coffee ____________.
A. at work or at home B. in different ways C. with cream or sugar D. between meals
33. Today Americans drink ____________ coffee than people in any of the other countries.
A. as much as B. less C. more D. most
34. “Coffee is black and very strong.” The word STRONG here means ____________.
A.坚固的 B.淡的 C.清的 D.浓的
35. ____________ is the most popular American drink.
A. Black tea B. Coffee C. Water with ice D. Whisky
31-35 B B C D B
（8）
Computers are useful machines. They can help people a lot in their everyday life. For example, they can help people save much time, and they can help people work out many problems they can’t do easily. Our country asks everyone to learn to use computers except the old people.
Today more and more families own computers. Parents buy computers for their children.
They hope computers can help them improve (提高) their studies in school. Yet many of the children use computers to play games, to watch video or to sing Karaoke, instead of studying. So many teachers and parents complain (抱怨) that computers can not help children to study but make them fall behind. So computers are locked by parents in the boxes.
In some other countries, even some scientists hate computers. They say computers let millions of people lost their jobs or bring them a lot of trouble.
Will computers really bring trouble to people or can they bring people happiness? It will be decided by people themselves.
36. Why do we say the computer is a useful machine? Because _______________.
A. our country asks us to learn it
B. it can help us a lot
C. we can use it to play games
D． it can help us to find jobs
37. What do many teachers and parents complain about? _______________.
A. Their students and children use computers to play games.
B. Computers let them lost their jobs.
C. Computers make the students and children fall behind.
D. Computers bring people a lot of trouble.
38. In this passage we know computers _______________.
A. also bring us trouble
B. bring us happiness only
C. are hated by people
D. are bad for people’s health
39. Can computers really help children to study? _______________.
A. Yes, they can. B. It’s hard to say C. No, they can’t. D. Of course not.
40. How do you understand the last sentence of this passage? I think it means _______.
A. computers are used by people
B. people can live well without computers
C. one must decide how to use computers
D. computers are strange machines
36-40 B C A A C
（9）
Once upon a time there lived an old man. He had three sons. One day, he called them together and said, "Sons, I will die soon. To my oldest son I give half my camels, to my second, one-third(三分之一), and to my youngest, one-ninth (九分之一)." Soon after that he died.
Now, the old man had seventeen camels, and the three brothers didn't know how to do as their father said. They thought a long time about the problem, and it seemed that they must either kill some of the camels and cut them into pieces, or disobey their father. At last they went to their father's old friend and asked for his advice. As soon as he heard their story, he said, "I will help you. I was a good friend of your father's. I am old. I have only one camel, but take it-it is yours."
The three sons thanked the old man and took his camel. Now they found it was easy to do as their father wished, The oldest took half- that was nine camels; the second took one-third, that was six; and the youngest took one-ninth, that was two.
After each had got his camels, they found that there was still a camel there. So, to show their thanks to their father's friend, they gave the camel back to him
41. "Once upon a time" means " ________".
A. long long ago B. not very long ago
C. at once D. sometimes
42. The meaning of "disobey" in the second paragraph is" ________".
A. 服从 B. 违背 C. 听从 D. 嘲笑
43. The meaning of "asked for his advice" in the second paragraph is " ________".
A. 向他请教 B. 问他数量 C. 批评他 D. 劝告他
44. The second old man ________the three brothers.
A. was good to B. was not good to C. didn't like D. cheated(哄骗)
45. Both the two old men in the story were ________.
A. foolish B. clever C. poor D. rich
41-45 A B A A B
（10）
Tom lived by himself a long way from town. He hardly went to town, but one day he went into town to buy a few things. After he bought them, he went into a restaurant and sat down at a table. When he looked around, he saw some old people put glasses on before reading their newspapers. So after lunch he decided to go to a shop to buy himself one pair, too. He walked along the road, and soon found a shop.
The man in the shop let him try on a lot of glasses, but Tom always said, "No, I can't read with these."
The man became puzzled (迷惑的) , and he said, "Excuse me, but can you read?"
"No, of course I can't!" Tom said angrily. "If I could read before, do you think I would come here to buy your glasses?"
46. Tom lived ______.
A. with his family B. near town C. in the country D. in town
47. Tom didn't go to town______.
A. never B. often C. sometimes D. sometime
48. Why did Tom decide to buy a pair of glasses?
A. Because he thought if he bought them, he could read.
B. Because they were very bright.
C. Because they were cheap.
D. Because he could read newspaper.
49. Tom went to the shop to ______.
A. have a rest B. have dinner C. wear glasses D. buy a pair of glasses
46-49 C B A D
(11)
We know mosquitoes very well. Mosquitoes fly everywhere. They can be found almost all over the world, and there are more than 2,500 kinds of them.
No one likes the mosquito. But the mosquito may decide if she loves you. She? Yes, she. The male mosquito doesn’t bite! Only the female mosquito bites because she needs blood to lay eggs. She is always looking for things or people she wants to bite. If she likes what she finds, she bites. But if she doesn’t like your blood, she will turn to someone else for more delicious blood. Next time a mosquito bites you, just remember you are chosen. You’re different from the others!
If the mosquito likes you, she lands on your body without letting you know. She bites you so quickly and quietly that you may not feel anything different. After she bites, you will have an itch(痒) on your body because she puts something from her mouth together with your blood. When the itch begins, she has flown away.
And then what happens? Well, after her delicious dinner, the mosquito feels tired. She wants to find a place to have a good rest. There, in a tree or on a wall, she begins to lay eggs, hundreds of eggs.
( )51.All the people don’t like mosquitoes.
( )52.All mosquitoes like to bite people for blood.
( )53.If a mosquito wants to bite you, it means she is very tired.
( )54.The mosquito bites you too quickly and quietly to let you know.
( )55.The itch begins after the mosquito flies away.
51-55 FFFTT
(12)
Do you know why different animals or pests(昆虫) have their special colours? Colours in them seem to be used mainly to protect themselves.
Some birds like eating locusts(蝗虫), but birds cannot easily catch them. Why? It is because locusts change their colours together with the change of the colours of crops(庄稼). When crops are green, locusts look green. But as the harvest (收获)time comes, locusts change to the same brown colour as crops have. Some other pests with different colours from plants are easily found and eaten by others. So they have to hide themselves for lives and appear only at night.
If you study the animal life, you’ll find the main use of colouring is to protect themselves. Bears, lions and other animals move quietly through forests. They cannot be easily seen by hunters. This is because they have the colours much like the trees.
Have you ever found an even more strange act? A kind of fish in the sea can send out a kind of very black liquid(液体) when it faces danger. While the liquid spreads over(散开), its enemies(敌人) cannot find it. And it immediately swims away. So it has lived up to now though it is not strong at all.
( )56.From the passage we learn that locusts________.
A. are small animals
B. are easily found by birds
C. are dangerous to their enemies
D. change their colours to protect themselves
( )57.How can pests with different colours from plants keep out of danger?
A. They run away quickly.
B. They have the colours much like their enemies.
C. They hide themselves by day and appear at night.
D. They have to move quietly.
( )58.Bears and lions can keep safe because________.
A. they have the colours much like the trees
B. they move quietly
C. they like brown and grey colours
D. they live in forests
( )59.Why can the kind of fish live up to now?
A. Because it is very big and strong.
Because the liquid it sends out can help it escape from its enemies.
B. Because the liquid it sends out can kill its enemies.
C. Because it swims faster than any other fish.
( )60.Which is the best title for this passage?
A. The Change of Colours for Animals and Pests.
B. Colours of Different Animals and pests.
C. The Main Use of Colours for Animals and Pests.
D. Some Animals and Pests.
56-60 D C A B C
但上面字数有限啊！

E. 我想主攻石油类的英语翻译，请问一下，有什么比较好的能让我对石油方面有较好理解的书籍吗

我是石油工程本科学生，快毕业。我觉得我们的教材挺不错。专业词汇很多。而且文回章易读易懂。

这本书的简介答：

本书涉及石油工业概况、油藏地质、原油及天然气性质、油藏岩石性质、钻井与完井、采油与地面处理、试井分析、油气井问题分析、提高采收率，油藏数值模拟以及技术经济评价等内容。全书共13个单元，每单元包括课文和阅读材料两个部分。提供了背景知识、专业术语、词法及课文注释等学习内容，设置了词汇学习、阅读理解和专业知识等练习项目，便于读者自学。本书为石油高等院校石油工程专业利科技英语专业的教材，也可作为现场技术人员的英语培训和职称考试参考用书。

作者：陈铁龙孙艾茵出版社：石油工业出版社

F. 石油专业的英语高手翻译

油气藏地质复习题目
一、 名词解释
1、莫霍面：莫霍面位于地表以下数公里到30—40km深度，纵波达到这一界面后，其速度由平均6—7km/s突然升到8.1km/s，这一突变具有全球性，此界面的深度在大陆深，在海洋浅。
2、矿物：矿物是指由地质作用所形成的天然单质或化合物。
3、解理：矿物晶体在外力的作用下，严格按一定结晶方向破裂并形成光滑平面的性质，称为解理。
4、变质作用：基本处于固态的源岩，由于温度、压力及化学活动性流体的作用，使矿物成分、化学成分或结构发生变化，称为变质作用。
5、沉积分异：在搬运过程中，随着介质流速的减小和动能的减弱，碎屑物质要按照比重的大小、粒度的粗细、球度的好坏以及成分依次有规律地沉积。从河流的上游到下游，出现粒度从粗到细，相对密度由大到小，球度由差到好的分异作用。
6、地层：地层是指具有某些共同特征和属性，与相邻岩层存在明显差异、具有一定地质年代的岩层或岩石组合。
7、褶皱：褶皱是指层状岩石的各种面受力后所产生的弯曲变形现象，是岩石塑性的具体表现。
8、背斜：背斜是地层向上弯曲，核心部分的地层较老，外侧地层逐渐变新。
9、断层：岩石沿断裂面有明显位移的断裂构造称为断层。
10、矿化度：矿化度是指单位体积水中所含溶解状态的固体物质总量。
11、生油门限：随着埋藏深度增加，当温度升高到一定数值，有机质才开始大量转化为石油，这个温度界限称为有机质的成熟温度，又称门限温度，其对应的深度称为门限深度。
12、油型气：油型气是指腐泥型或腐殖——腐泥型沉积有机质进入成熟阶段以后所形成的天然气，它包括伴随生油过程形成的湿气以及高成熟和过成熟阶段由干酪根和液态烃裂解形成的凝析油伴生气和裂解干气。
13、烃源岩：烃源岩是指已经生成并排出足以形成商业性油气聚集的烃类的岩石。
14、裂缝：裂缝是指岩石发生破裂作用而形成不连续、有一定延伸长度、片状或板状的空间。
15、有效孔隙度：在当前工艺技术条件下，使储集层的油气产量达到工业油气流下限的孔隙度值为有效孔隙度下限值，凡等于或大于有效孔隙度下限值的孔隙度称为有效孔隙度。
16、排驱压力：排驱压力指非润湿相开始进入岩样最大喉道的压力。
17、油气运移：初次运移是指油气从生油层向储集层的运移。二次运移是指油气进入储集层或运载层之后至聚集起来之前所发生的一切运移，其包括了已经形成的油乞聚集因外界地质条件改变而引起的再次运移。
18、圈闭：地下运移的油气在一定条件下停止运移而集中聚集起来形成油气聚集，这种适合油气聚集、形成油气藏的场所就称为圈闭。
19、油气藏：油气在单一圈闭中的聚集称为油气藏。如果在圈闭中只聚集了石油，则称油藏；只聚集了天然气，则称气藏；二者同时聚集，则称为油气藏。
20、生储盖组合：在地层剖面中，源岩层、储集层、盖层在空间上和时间上的组合关系，称为生储盖组合。
21、油气田：油气田是指受单一因素或多种因素所控制的，在一定的产油气面积内的油藏、气藏、油气藏的总和。如果只有油藏，称为油田，只有气藏，称为气田。
22、含油气盆地：已经发现油气田（藏）或已有油气显示的沉积盆地以及具备油气生、运、聚条件的沉积盆地。
23、成分成熟度：碎屑沉积组分在风化、搬运沉积作用的改造下，接近最终产物的程度。
24、油气聚集带：所谓油气聚集带，指同一个二级构造带或岩性岩相变化带中，互有成因联系、油气聚集条件相似的一系列油气田的总和。（沉积运移作用没找到）
25、排替压力：某一岩样中的湿润相流体被非湿润相流体开始排替所需的最低压力
二、问答题
1、岩浆作用与变质作用的差别
岩浆作用分为喷出作用各侵入作用，岩浆喷出地表的作用称为喷出作用，双称为火山作用；深部岩浆向上运移，侵入周围岩石而示到达地表，称为侵入作用。基本处于固态的原岩，由于温度压力及化学活动性流体的作用，使矿物成分、化学成分或结构发生变化，称为变质作用。其又分为接触变质作用、区域变质作用、动力变质作用、混合岩化作用。
2风化作用的类型、产物及影响因素
风化作用包括物理风化作用、化学风化作用和手物风化作用三种基本类型；地壳表层岩石风化的结果，形成了三种性质不同的风化产物：碎屑残留物质、新后成的矿物和溶解物质；影响风化作用的主要因素有母岩成分、气候和地形等。
3、角度不整合接触怎样形成
角度不整合接触的特点是不整合上下两套地层呈角度相交，其间有剥蚀面相分隔，上覆岩层覆盖于倾斜地层侵蚀面之上，并与剥蚀面产状一致；地层时代是不连续的，其岩性和古生物特征是突变的，不整合面上也往往保存着古侵蚀面。有时还伴有岩浆作用和变质作用，遭受长期侵蚀，形成剥蚀面；然后地壳下降，在剥蚀面上接受新的沉积，形成新地层。
4、背斜和向斜的地表特征
背斜是地层向上弯曲，核心部分的地层较老，外侧地层逐渐变新。向斜是地层向下弯曲，核心部分的地层较新，外侧地层逐渐变老。
5、沉积岩形成过程
a、沉积岩原始物质（主要是母岩的风化产物）的形成阶段 b、沉积岩原始物质的搬运和沉积阶段（沉积物的形成阶段）c、沉积后作用阶段（包括沉积物的同生作用和准同生作用阶段、沉积物的成岩作用阶段、沉积岩的后生作用阶段）。
6、断层的主要类型和在野外怎样识别
根据断层两盘的相对位移关系分类：正断层：上盘相对下降，下盘相对上升的断层；逆断层：上盘相对上升，下盘相对下降的断层；平移断层：断层两盘沿断层面走向方向作水平位移，规模巨大的平移断层叫做走向滑动断层。
断层的野外识别：构造的不连续：断层通常将地质体和构造绿断错开，使地质体和构造在平面或剖面上发生突然中断，造成地质界线和构造线的不连续；地层的重复和缺失：地层的重复和缺失现象，是判断断层存在的一个重要标志；断层面的构造特征：断层面上存在擦痕，断层破碎带中会出现断层角砾岩等；地层产状的突然改变：地层产状也是断层存在的重要标志。
7、盖层的封闭机理
物性封闭：是指依靠盖层的最大喉道与储集层的最小孔隙之间的毛细管压力差来封盖圈闭中的油气；超压封闭：是指地层孔隙流体压力比其对应的静水压力高，依靠盖层异常高孔隙压力封闭油气。烃浓度封闭：是指具有一定的生烃能力的地层为盖层，以较高的烃浓度阻滞下伏油气向上扩散运移， 这种封闭主要是对以扩散方式向上运移的油气起作用。
8、油气运移的动力、通道
初次运移的动力：正常压实产生的剩余流体压力；欠压实作用产生的异常高压；蒙脱石脱水作用；流体热增压作用；有机质的生烃作用；渗析作用。
油气初次运移的主要通道路包括：较大孔隙与微层理面、构造裂缝与断层、微裂缝、有机质或干酪根网络。
油气二次运移的动力有：浮力、水动力、构造应力、分子扩散力和分子渗透力等。
油气二次运移的主要通道路有：连通孔隙、裂缝、断层各不整合面。
9、生储盖组合的类型有哪几种
根据生、储、盖三者在时间上的相互配置关系，可将生储盖组合分为四种基本类型；正常式生储盖组合、侧变式生储盖组合、顶生式生储盖组合、自生、自储、自盖式生储盖组合。
10、影响圈闭有效性的因素
影响圈闭有效性的主要因素有以下几个方面：圈闭位置与油源区的远近关系、圈闭位置与油气主要运移路线的关系、圈闭形成时间与油气主要运移期的匹配关系。
11、油气藏类型
按照圈闭的成因不同，可以把油气藏分为：构造圈闭油气藏、岩性圈闭油气藏、地层圈闭油气藏、水动力圈闭油气藏
及复合圈闭油气藏。
12、含油气盆地概念及形成条件
含油气盆地：指已经发现油气田（藏）或已有油气显示的沉积盆地，以及具备油气生运聚条件的沉积盆地。
其形成必须具备三个条件：首先必须是沉积盆地；二是在漫长的地质历史时期曾经不断地沉降、接受沉积，具备油气生成与聚集的有利条件；三是在地质历史时期中曾经发生过油气。
三、论述题
1、油气藏形成条件
油气藏的形成过程就是在各种成藏要素的有效匹配下，油气从分散到集中的转化过程。 这些要素可归结为四个基本条件：充足的油气来源，有利的生储盖组合，有效的圈闭和良好的保存条件。
2、影响碎屑岩储集层形成的因素
沉积作用因素：母岩性质及物源供应对储层发育的影响，岩石组分对储层发充的影响，岩石结构对储层孔隙发育的影响，沉积构造对储层孔隙发育的影响；成岩作用因素：压实、压溶作用对碎屑岩储集层的影响，胶结作用对碎屑岩储集层的影响，溶蚀、交代作用对碎屑岩储集层的影响；构造因素：断裂，区域性抬升。
3、影响碳酸盐岩储集性能的因素
沉积环境：各类浅滩环境，生物礁环境，潮坪环境；成岩作用：溶解作用，胶结作用，白云石化作用，重结晶作用；构造作用：控制裂缝发育的岩性因素，控制裂缝发育的构造因素。
4、碳酸盐岩的孔隙类型
按成因，孔隙可划分为原生孔隙各次生孔隙两大类。原生孔隙除粒间孔隙外，生物体腔孔隙、生物骨架孔隙、晶间孔隙、鸟眼孔隙是碳酸盐岩所特有的。次生孔隙除受组构控制的粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔、晶间溶孔等外，还发育非组构控制的不规则状溶洞孔。

G. 石化专业英语，帮忙推敲一句话的英译汉

由于声敏元件要穿过整个检测管道，因此至泄漏点（工具将经过该点）的最大距离等于一个管道的直径长。

H. 请问化学类专业英语用什么教材好

我们大学的时候学的化工专业英语还蛮好的。

I. 我是一名中国石化工程师，工作需要希望找个化工英语翻译的专业公司合作。

建议你去大学，大学有专门教专业英语的老师，不一定是公司啊

J. 【求助】关于专插本广石化英语专业历年真题 谁有呀 麻烦回答我谢谢

这个要报他的培训才有的吧