英语经济文章阅读

❶ 求几篇经济类英语的文章，不需要很长

http://..com/question/226214635.html?an=1&si=1这个链接还有一篇你看看

From my point of view, generally speaking, china would forced to face many challenges in 2009 e to the undertaking recession issues, but in the global economic world, it would still be expected to act as one of the first countries to get recovered from the recession.

There are five major issues regards to Chinese economic condition in 2009. First, China will be challenged by the influence from international economic crisis. Secondly, e to the combination impact from the home and abroad, the macroeconomic regulation in China would become more complicated; in another word, it may result in a repeating domestic inflation and deflation. Thirdly, the above situations might have side-effects on Chinese stock market and real estate market; further, the small and medium companies might face serious liquidation issues. In Addition, there is a great possibility of a dramatic decline on the employment rate. Last but not least, it would become tremendous difficulty for government to maintain a balanced financial status and also inject further confidence into Chinese economic.

To sum up, from the above analysis, it is clear that the economic situation in China for 2009 is not in positive. However, with more focus on Chinese domestic market and increasing living allowances of our lower-income groups, it is possible to achieve a stabilized economic and social position even in such a serious condition.

As we noted previously, the inflation rate (fj) represents an average rate applicable to a specific segment j of the economy. For example, if we are estimating the future cost of a piece of machinery, we should use the inflation rate appropriate the different costs and revenues in our analysis. The following example introces the complexity of multiple inflation rates.

We will rework example 9.1 using different annual changes (differential escalation rates) in the prices of cash flow components. Suppose that we expect the general rate of inflation (f(-)) to average 6% ring the next 5 years. We also expect that the salvage value of the equipment will increase 3% per year, that wages (labor) and overhead will increase 5% per year, and that the cost of material will increase 4% per year. We expect sales revenue to climb at the general inflation rate. Table 10.2 shows the relevant calculations using the income statement format. For simplicity, all cash flows and inflation effects are assumed to occur at year’s end. Determine the net present worth of this investment, using the adjusted-discount method.

正如我们之间所说，通货膨胀率代表了经济某特定方面的平均水平。例如，如果我们在评估一台机器的未来成本的时候，我们需要用适当的通货膨胀率来分析对应的成本和收入。下面的这个例子就来介绍复合通货膨胀率的复杂性。
我们用不同的年度变化（差别增长率）来重新看9.1的例子：假设未来5年的平均通货膨胀率是6%。并假定设备的残值每年增加3%、工资（劳动力）每年增加5%、材料成本每年增加4%，同时假设销售收入适应一般的通货膨胀率。表10.2用损益表的形式显示了相关的运算。简单起见，假设所有的现金流和通货膨胀的影响都发生在当年的年底。请用adjusted-discount的方法确定这项投资的净现值。

❷ 求以下几篇经济类英文文章

篇号：
作者：Granmont

文题： Continuity properties of a von Neumann Morgenstern utility

杂志全名(或缩写)：Journal of Economic Theory

年份，卷（期）: 起止页码： 1972年第四期45-57页
全文链接：http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/b6wj3-4cygc5c-sg/2/

篇号：2
作者：Nielsen

文题： Unbounded expected utility and continuity

杂志全名(或缩写)：Mathematical Social Sciences

年份，卷（期）: 起止页码：1985年第八期201-216页
全文链接：http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/b6v88-4582gtn-1/2/

全文链接应该是这个，因为学校的网友流量限制，我打不开，也没有权限下载全文．所以麻烦大家了，希望哪个高手能帮帮忙．谢谢

❸ 求经济类英文文章(带中文翻译)

INTO THE STORM
FOR much of the past year the fast-growing economies of the emerging world watched the Western financial hurricane from afar. Their own banks held few of the mortgage-based assets that undid the rich world’s financial firms. Commodity exporters were thriving, thanks to high prices for raw materials. China’s economic juggernaut powered on. And, from Budapest to Brasília, an abundance of credit fuelled domestic demand. Even as talk mounted of the rich world suffering its worst financial collapse since the Depression, emerging economies seemed a long way from the centre of the storm.
过去一年的大部分时间里，高速发展的新兴国家一直在远处观望着西方国家的金融风暴。他们的银行仅持有少量抵押资产，而类似的资产已经破坏了发达国家的金融公司。商品出口商因为原材料的高价格而日渐富有。中国不可抗拒的经济力量已然开启，而且信贷刺激的内需从布达佩斯到巴西利亚都表现得非常充足。尽管大萧条后关于西方国家受难于金融崩塌的话题与日俱增，但新兴国家似乎距离金融风暴的中心还有一段距离。
No longer. As foreign capital has fled and confidence evaporated, the emerging world’s stockmarkets have plunged (in some cases losing half their value) and currencies tumbled. The seizure in the credit market caused havoc, as foreign banks abruptly stopped lending and stepped back from even the most basic banking services, including trade credits.
不过目前的情况不再是那样了，随着境外资本的流失和经济信心的消失，新兴国家股市暴跌（有些地区已经腰斩），本币迅速贬值。由于外国银行突然中断贷款，并且收缩了包括贸易信贷在内的基础银行服务，新兴国家的信贷市场突发混乱，并引发了一场浩劫。
Like their rich-world counterparts, governments are battling to limit the damage (see article). That is easiest for those with large foreign-exchange reserves. Russia is spending $220 billion to shore up its financial services instry. South Korea has guaranteed $100 billion of its banks’ debt. Less well-endowed countries are asking for help. Hungary has secured a EURO5 billion ($6.6 billion) lifeline from the European Central Bank and is negotiating a loan from the IMF, as is Ukraine. Close to a dozen countries are talking to the fund about financial help.
新兴国家的政府和发达国家的政府一样都在为控制损失程度而奋斗。不过对于外汇储备充足的国家来说难度会小一些：俄罗斯斥资2200亿美元重振金融服务行业；韩国政府担保了1000亿美元的银行债务。而那些储备并不充足的国家正在四处求援：匈牙利成功向欧洲央行求得了50亿欧元（约66亿美元）的生命线，同时也在同国际货币基金组织协商借款事宜，同时向国际货币基金组织求援的还有乌克兰。近一打儿的国家在向基金组织求助。
Those with long-standing problems are being driven to desperate measures. Argentina is nationalising its private pension funds, seemingly to stave off default (see article). But even stalwarts are looking weaker. Figures released this week showed that China’s growth slowed to 9% in the year to the third quarter-still a rapid pace but a lot slower than the double-digit rates of recent years.
有持续问题的国家正棋行险招：阿根廷正在将私人养老金国有化，意图阻止违约的发生。即使强有力的国家也表现出虚弱一面：本周公布的数字表明今年中国的增长率在第三季度减缓为9%，虽然增速还算快，但是与近些年的两位数增率相比缓慢了不少。
Blowing cold on credit
对信贷没兴趣
The various emerging economies are in different states of readiness, but the cumulative impact of all this will be enormous. Most obviously, how these countries fare will determine whether the world economy faces a mild recession or something nastier. Emerging economies accounted for around three-quarters of global growth over the past 18 months. But their economic fate will also have political consequences.
众多新兴经济的意愿并不相同，但是累计在一起的影响力却非同一般。最明显的就是这些国家的表现将会决定世界经济所面临的是一个较为缓和的衰退还是更可怕的情况。在过去18个月的全球经济增长中，新兴经济贡献了75%。但是他们的经济命运也会有一些政治后果。
In many places-eastern Europe is one example (see article)-financial turmoil is hitting weak governments. But even strong regimes could suffer. Some experts think that China needs growth of 7% a year to contain social unrest. More generally, the coming strife will shape the debate about the integration of the world economy. Unlike many previous emerging-market crises, today’s mess spread from the rich world, largely thanks to increasingly integrated capital markets. If emerging economies collapse-either into a currency crisis or a sharp recession-there will be yet more questioning of the wisdom of globalised finance.
在类似东欧的很多地区，金融混乱目前的打击目标是软弱的政府；但强硬的政权同样会尝到苦果。一些专家认为中国每年需要7%的增长率来阻止社会动荡的发生。总体来说，如此争端必将影响全球经济一体化的讨论。与以往数次新兴经济危机不同，这次的混乱始于发达国家，很大程度上要归咎于一体化的资本市场。一旦新兴经济崩溃，无论是货币危机还是剧烈的经济萧条，大家对于金融全球化是否属明智之举会有更多的质疑。
Fortunately, the picture is not universally dire. All emerging economies will slow. Some will surely face deep recessions. But many are facing the present danger in stronger shape than ever before, armed with large reserves, flexible currencies and strong budgets. Good policy-both at home and in the rich world-can yet avoid a catastrophe.
幸运的是上述恐怖的场景没有发生在全球的每个角落：所有的新兴经济都会减缓发展速度，有一些也必将面临深度萧条；但是更多的国家在面临当下危机的时候却拥有比以往任何时候都强壮的形式，用充足的储备、弹性的货币和强大的预算武装自己。新兴国家及发达国家良好的政策可以避免大灾难的发生。
One reason for hope is that the direct economic fallout from the rich world’s disaster is manageable. Falling demand in America and Europe hurts exports, particularly in Asia and Mexico. Commodity prices have fallen: oil is down nearly 60% from its peak and many crops and metals have done worse. That has a mixed effect. Although it hurts commodity-exporters from Russia to South America, it helps commodity importers in Asia and reces inflation fears everywhere. Countries like Venezuela that have been run badly are vulnerable (see article), but given the scale of the past boom, the commodity bust so far seems unlikely to cause widespread crises.
至少有一个原因值得抱有希望：发达国家此次灾难的直接经济影响还是在可控的范围内。欧美锐减的需求对出口来说无疑是一个打击，特别是对亚洲和墨西哥。商品价格走低：原油价格与巅峰时期比较已经下降了60%，很多粮食和金属类商品跌幅更大。这两个现象有混合效果：尽管从俄罗斯到南美的商品（能源）出口企业备受打击，但却帮助了亚洲的商品（能源）进口商，并且缓和了各地对通胀的恐惧。委内瑞拉的情形一直很糟糕，也很脆弱；不过由于过去极度的繁荣，商品价格下跌目前还不会引发大范围传播的危机。
The more dangerous shock is financial. Wealth is being squeezed as asset prices decline. China’s house prices, for instance, have started falling (see article). This will dampen domestic confidence, even though consumers are much less indebted than they are in the rich world. Elsewhere, the sudden dearth of foreign-bank lending and the flight of hedge funds and other investors from bond markets has slammed the brakes on credit growth. And just as booming credit once underpinned strong domestic spending, so tighter credit will mean slower growth.
比商品价格更令人震惊的事情发生在金融领域。由于资产价格的下降，财富水平正在被挤压缩水。以中国房价为例，目前已经开始下跌。尽管新兴国家的消费者比发达国家的负债水平低很多，上述情况还是会挫伤国内的经济信心。在其他方面，国外银行借款骤然匮乏、对冲基金以及其他投资者逃离债券市场，这些因素给信贷增长踩了一脚急刹车。正如发达的信贷曾经强力支撑国内支出那样，信贷紧缩将意味着增长放缓。
Again, the impact will differ by country. Thanks to huge current-account surpluses in China and the oil-exporters in the Gulf, emerging economies as a group still send capital to the rich world. But over 80 have deficits of more than 5% of GDP. Most of these are poor countries that live off foreign aid; but some larger ones rely on private capital. For the likes of Turkey and South Africa a sudden slowing in foreign financing would force a dramatic adjustment. A particular worry is eastern Europe, where many countries have double-digit deficits. In addition, even some countries with surpluses, such as Russia, have banks that have grown accustomed to easy foreign lending because of the integration of global finance. The rich world’s bank l-outs may limit the squeeze, but the flow of capital to the emerging world will slow. The Institute of International Finance, a bankers’ group, expects a 30% decline in net flows of private capital from last year.
需要再次重申的是，冲击的表现会因国家的不同而有所区别。多亏中国和海湾产油国经常项目下的巨额顺差，新型经济整体还不断的向发达国家输送资本。但是80 多个国家的财政赤字已经超过GDP的5%，其中的多数是那些依靠国外救助过活得贫困国家；不过也有一些依靠私人资本的大国。对于类似土耳其和南非的国家来说，突然减缓的境外融资迫使其进行大幅调整。东欧的情况特别令人担忧，那里的不少国家赤字水平已经达到了两位数。另外，象俄罗斯这样处于顺差的国家，其银行也逐渐适应了可以轻易从外国取得的贷款，原因自然是全球金融一体化。发达国家的救助计划也许可以限制财富被挤压的水平，但资本流向新兴世界的速度无疑会减慢。国际金融研协会预测私人资本的净流量比去年回减少30%。
A wing and a prayer
飞行之翼与祈祷者
This credit crunch will be grim, but most emerging markets can avoid catastrophe. The biggest ones are in relatively good shape. The more vulnerable ones can (and should) be helped.
信贷紧缩必将令人生畏，不过多数新兴市场可以躲过一劫，最大的市场形势还相当不错。比较脆弱的市场可以（也应该）得到帮助。
Among the giants, China is in a league of its own, with a $2 trillion arsenal of reserves, a current-account surplus, little connection to foreign banks and a budget surplus that offers lots of room to boost spending. Since the country’s leaders have made clear that they will do whatever it takes to cushion growth, China’s economy is likely to slow-perhaps to 8%-but not collapse. Although that is not enough to save the world economy, such growth in China would put a floor under commodity prices and help other countries in the emerging world.
在那些坚强的巨人中，中国卓然不群：手握2万亿美元的储备，经常项下的顺差状态，与国外银行罕有关联，过剩的预算给推动支出留有足够空间。鉴于国家领导人已经明确表示将不惜一切代价为经济增长减速缓冲，中国的经济增长应该会减缓到大约8%的水平，但是决不会崩溃。虽然这不足以挽救世界经济，但是该增长率将会为商品价格建底并帮到新兴世界的其他国家。
The other large economies will be harder hit, but should be able to weather the storm. India has a big budget deficit and many Brazilian firms have a large foreign-currency exposure. But Brazil’s economy is diversified and both countries have plenty of reserves to smooth the shift to slower growth. With $550 billion of reserves, Russia ought to be able to stop a run on the rouble. In the short-term at least, the most vulnerable countries are all smaller ones.
其他的经济大国会受到更大的冲击，不过应该可以禁受住风暴侵袭。印度的财政赤字巨大，巴西很多公司面临巨大的外汇风险。但巴西经济已经实现多样化，同时上述两个国家拥有充足的储备来平稳过渡到缓慢的增长。俄罗斯掌握着5500亿美元的储备，应该能够阻止对卢布的抢购。至少在短期内，小国家才是最弱不禁风的。
There will be pain as tighter credit forces adjustments. But sensible, speedy international assistance would make a big difference. Several emerging countries have asked America’s Federal Reserve for liquidity support; some hope that China will l them out. A better route is surely the IMF, which has huge expertise and some $250 billion to lend. Sadly, borrowing from the fund carries a stigma. That needs to change. The IMF should develop quicker, more flexible financial instruments and minimise the conditions it attaches to loans. Over the past month deft policymaking saw off calamity in the rich world. Now it is time for something similar in the emerging world.
受到紧缩信贷压力进行的调整必然带来痛苦，但快速的国际援助是明智之举，因为这会让结果很不相同。一些新兴国家已经向美联储求援以缓解流动性问题；有一些则希望中国可以拯救他们与水火。更佳的求救路线莫过于国际货币基金组织，因为它掌握大量的专门知识和2500亿美元的可出借款项。不幸的是人们认为向基金借款有辱其名，国际货币基金组织应该推出更快捷、更灵活的金融工具，同时实现借贷条件最小化。过去数月中，机敏的决策驱散了发达国家的灾难。现在也正是新兴世界发生类似事情的时候了。
希望采纳

❹ 求一篇关于经济的英语文章要带翻译的，2000字左右。谢谢啦

干吗用的啊，随便什么样的都可以吗！

❺ 经济类英文文章一篇2000字左右

Easy man, just google financial websites and u'll get millions of news articles.
For in depth financial reviews simply google financial reviews. U'll get more analytical articles there.

❻ 有关阅读英语经济类新闻的问题

个人浅见：翻抄译本身就是概袭念转换，力求一致的过程，像对冲基金这样的概念，首先你要理解对冲和基金这两个概念，对冲是关于黄金和美元价格之间的一个规律，投资人为了回避投资风险，买涨不买跌，会导致黄金价格上扬，而美元价格下降。而到达一定峰值的时候，投资人会抛售持有过多的黄金，于是美元价格相对上扬，而黄金价格下降，此过程不断反复，导致“对冲”这一现象。至于基金的概念就不难查到了。请您注意的是，对冲基金这一整合后的概念，未必完全是以上两个词汇概念直接的累加，需要查询它的出处，沿革和变化等信息才能弄懂。这也是翻译的基本功之一。一个好的翻译，一定是个杂家，啥都要懂一点，也就是说，啥都得学，咱们边练翻译，边学习吧。多看多听多输入是必要的，思考和扩展查阅更是必要的。

❼ 谁能帮补一些经济类词，更好的阅读考研英语经济类文章

你好，你可以登录新东方英语论坛去查找，这里只能帮你放上去一部分：
经济类内词汇
runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀容
deflation 通货紧缩
capital flight 资本外逃
stock brokerage firm 证券公司

❽ 经济类英语文章

建议你去沪江论坛上看看，或者就是《The Economist》

❾ 求一篇有关经济方面的英语文章3000字以上

Family income of macro and micro level
Macroeconomic viewpoint, the Statistical Bureau statistics annually in an area generally require an average family income, In addition, there is a macro-economic statistical indicators in the disposable income of residents, it contains the income category, and the average family income for basically the same.
The micro level refers to a family income of all family members combined. In addition to annual household income of family members of the composition and the ability to work on other family members must also consider the tax factor, as in economic statistics, the taxation belongs to a distribution, while the household consumption may not strictly classified as secondary distribution, while the family income falls between these two tax directly affects the level of the amount of household income. In addition, the macro and micro economic situation will also have an impact on household income, the economy (including macroeconomic, instry, economy, business conditions) ring the relatively higher household income, the lower the contrary.
As for the urban consumption levels, only a reflection of a family Engel coefficient of the consumption structure and consumption of quality, of course, if insisted on them as a household income of the influencing factors, then it can only collapse of regime theory to explain that, in order to achieve a certain degree of consumption level, forcing the family members have worked to acquire a certain level of income, which in turn explained the problem back to the composition of family members and family members of the working capacity of the revenue impact will come up.

❿ 急求中英经济的不同的英语文章

http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/21124.pdf
This is an full analysis on China's Economic Condition by state gov.

And this is an article on US Economic Condition by The New York Times

United States EconomyThe United States economy proced roughly $15 trillion worth of goods and services in 2008, making it easily the largest in the world. China is next, at about $12 trillion, according to one widely used estimate. Per person, the American economy has the fourth largest output-- more than $45,000 for every man, woman and child, on average --behind Luxembourg, Bermuda and Liechtenstein, all havens for offshore banking.

In 2007, the American economy began to slow significantly, mostly because of a real-estate slump and related financial problems. In December 2007, the economy entered a recession, according to a committee of academic economists, overseen by the National Bureau of Economic Research, that is widely considered the arbiter of recessions.

The committee defines a recession as a broad-based and protracted downturn in economic activity, and its members typically wait many months before announcing that a recession has ended. By nearly all accounts, the recession continued into early 2009, making it the longest one in decades.

The economy was last in recession in 2001. Contrary to widespread belief, the terrorist attacks of 2001 did not cause the downturn that year. The economy slowed as the dot-com bubble started leaking in early 2000 and began to shrink in early 2001. The recession ended in November 2001.

Over the last few decades, recessions have become less common than they once were. Ben S. Bernanke, the Federal Reserve chairman, and others have described this development as the "great moderation." While the economy used to swing between expansion and contraction every few years, there had been only two relatively brief recessions over the last 25 years before the current downturn.

Perhaps the most important reason for the change is the new flexibility of businesses. Executives can now track the ups and downs of their sales and inventories more closely than they used to, thanks in large part to computers. Better transportation, like FedEx, also helps companies to keep their warehouses lean. So a company is less likely to find itself suddenly stuck with too many workers and procts -- and then have to make sharp cutbacks.

Yet there are also now increasing worries that a boom in consumer spending, helped along by more consumer debt, played a large role in lifting economic growth -- and moderating its swings -- over the last generation. If this is the case -- and if the end of the debt boom leads to slower consumer spending, as seems to be happening -- economic growth may slow significantly in coming years, even after the recession ends.

Despite the economic growth from 2001 to 2007, many families did not receive large pay increases. Starting in the mid-1970s, compensation -- pay and benefits -- for the typical worker began to grow more slowly than it had in the 1950s and '60s. Over the last 30 years, there has been only one period, from about 1996 to 2002, when hourly pay grew for most workers a lot faster than inflation. The most recent expansion, which began in late 2001, will likely end up being the first one on record in which median household income did not reach a new inflation-adjusted record. -- David Leonhardt, Jan. 8, 2009