高考英语阅读逻辑推理题

『壹』 如何做高考英语阅读理解推断题

根据近几年高考英语推断题的考查情况，本文拟就对隐含意义的推断、作者观点的推断、写作目的推断以及材料出处的推断等四种典型的推断题类型进行分析。
一、如何推断隐含意义
1.推断隐含意义的提问方式 It can be inferred from the text that . according to…, we can infer that . From the text we know that …is most likely . When the writer talks about …, what the writer really means is . The writer suggests that . The story implies that . We can infer [conclude] from the passage that . 这类题干中通常常含有infer, suggest, imply, conclude, intend, purpose, be likely to…等标志性词语。
2. 干扰项的设置特点 在通常情况下，这类试题的干扰项具有以下特点：或是文章中直接用于表达细节的信息，或是文章中无关紧要或片面推出的结论，或是与文章内容完全相反的结论，或是不合常理或不合逻辑的结论等。
3. 答题误区 同学们在做类题目时，很容易误选文段中直接用于表达信息的选项或表示片面结论的选项。
4. 技巧点拨 一是要全面分析所有相关信息，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。二是要忠实原文，切忌脱离原文，凭空臆断。三是注意不要选择表层信息答案，应该立足由已知推断未知。
5. 实例分析(江西卷)
A stronger argument comes from research into school results. Girls grow up earlier than boys, tend to be more orderly and are likely to be better at languages. In a mixed class, boys who might do well in a single-sex class become discouraged and take on the rule of troublemaker. Certainly in the UK this situation has greatly alarmed(惊动) the government for it to be encouraging co-ecational schools to have some single-sex classes. In the UK the best schools are all single-sex, strongly suggesting that co-ecation is not the best answer. This may, however, not be as simple as it looks. It may simply be that the famous old schools that attract the best students happen to be single-sex, rather than that being single-sex makes them better schools. ●At the end of the passage the writer suggests that ________. A. single-sex schools are the best schools in the UK B. being single-sex does not necessarily make a school better C. co-ecational schools are better for both sexes in personal development D. because boys cannot compete with girls in study, they go to single-sex schools
【解题思路分析】答案选 B。
作者在罗列In a mixed class, boys who might do well in a single-sex class become discouraged and take on the rule of troublemaker和In the UK the best schools are all single-sex等事实后，得出了It may simply be that the famous old schools that attract the best students happen to be single-sex, rather than that being single-sex makes them better schools这个结论。要做对上面这道题，正确理解文章末尾这句结论性的句子至关重要。这里尤其要注意句中的rather than这个关键性词语，它的意思是“而不是”，用于否定或排除其后引出的内容。故只有选项B最合适。
二、如何推断作者观点
1. 提问方式 The writer’s attitude toward… is______. The writer thought that______. according to the author ______.
2. 干扰选项 此类试题的干扰项通常具有以下特点：或是自己的某种看法或观点，或是社会的一种普遍种倾向，或是与本文无关或与作者相反的观点或看法等。
3. 答题误区 容易误选与自己的看法相吻合的选项。
4. 技巧点拨 注意作者在文中的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子，才能推断出作者的弦外之音。
5. 实例分析(江西卷) Just as crying can be healthy, not crying—holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering—can be bad for physical(身体的) health. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like crying, don’t fight it. It’s a natural—and healthy—emotional response(反应). ●according to the author, which of the following statements is true? A. Crying is the best way to get help from others. B. Fighting back tears may cause some health problems. C. We will never know our deep feelings unless we cry. D. We must cry if we want to rece pressure.
【解题思路分析】答案选B。
作者在文章中说Studies show that too much control can lead to high blood press, heart problems and other illnesses，即过多地忍住情感(如忍住不哭等)有可能会导致健康问题。

『贰』 如何区分高考英语细节题与推理题

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5．图表图画题
在有图表图画的阅读理解中，有的图表图画出现在阅读理解文章中，有的出现在选项中，这些图片的出现增加了试题的直观性，同时也暗含着和文章内容相关的信息。在解答此类试题的时候，一定要把握图表图画所暗含的信息，特别是有些事实是通过图表图画来叙述的，我们可以采用按图寻找正确答案的方法。

eg：The chart shows that from 2005 to 2008， ．
A．the percentage of the Spanish families with a computer rose 35 points B．the percentage of the White families with a computer remained unchanged C．the number of the Black families with a computer was on the decrease
D．the number of the Asian families with a computer showed the sharpest increase 【易错点、易混点归纳】
细节理解题是阅读理解的主要题型，在近几年高考阅读题中占到60%～70%。针对这一题型，信息错位是考生经济犯的毛病。问题在于考生在紧张的考试过程中阅读不细，未找准题目所依据的事实。另外，长句难句也是阅读理解的一大障碍，考生对某些长句难句理解不透彻，造成歧义。再者，考生没有对干扰项回原文进行验证。因此，了解细节题干扰项的特点也有助于考生提高答题的正确率。一般情况下，干扰项有如下几个特点：
1．文不对题：选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容；
2．主观臆断：选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，符合常识，但不符合文章内容；
3．偷换概念：把原来做某事的“张三”换成“李四”，所述细节确实与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。
4．将原文内容扩大或缩小：与原文的内容极其相似，只是在范围或程度上有些变动； 5．无中生有：在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反； 6．选项内容部分正确，部分错误。 【应对方法】 1．“逆向法”。先读题干和四个选项，再根据内容筛选、提取有用信息。读题的时候，要抓住题干中的关键词，然后带着关键词仔细阅读文章相关内容。
2．“排除法”。排除选项时，注意与原文的异同，特别注意中心词的限定语，如名词的定语、动词状语等是否与原文一致，选项中的动词时态是否与原文一致。
3．对长句难句的处理鹫分析句子结构，明确主体成分，剔队长细枝末节。

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推理判断题
1．细节推理题
抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断、结合上下文或上下句推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。在推断中，我们要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。
（1）When she looked ahead，florence Chadwick saw nothing but a solid wall of fog．Her body was numb．She had been swimming for nearly sixteen hours．Already she was the first woman to swim across the English Channel in both directions．Now at the age of 34，her goal was to become the first woman to swim from Catalina to the California coast．
On that fourth of July morning 1952，the sea was like an ice bath and the fog was so dense．She could hardly see her support boats．Sharks cruised toward her figure，only to be driven away by rifle shots．Against the frigid grip of the sea，she struggled on，hour after hour，while millions watched on national television．
Alongside Flrence in one of the boats，her mother and her trainer offered encouragement．They told her it wasn’t much farther．But all she could see was fog．They urged her not to quit．She never had…until then．With only a half mile to go，she asked to be pulled out．
What does“she never had …”in the third paragraph mean？
A．She had never been so desperate． B．She had never thought of giving it up．
C．She had never seen such thick fog． D．She had never swum across the strait before． （2）Decision-thinking is not unlike poker—it often matters not only what you think，but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think．The mental process（过程）is similar．Naturally，this card game has often been of considerable interest to people who are，by any standards，good thinkers．
The great mathematician John von Neumann was one of the founders of game theory．In particular，he showed that all games fall into two classes；there are what he called games of“perfect information”，games like chess where the players can’t hide anything or play tricks；they don’t win by chance，but by means of logic and skills．Then there are games of“imperfect information”，like poker，in which it is impossible to know in advance that one course of action is better than another．
One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information．Quite the reverse，business，politics，life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information．Business decisions are often made with many unknown and unknowable factors（因素），which would ever puzzle best poker players．But few business people find it comfortable to admit that they are taking a chance，and many still prefer to believe that they are playing chess，not poker．
An important factor in a game of imperfect information is ． A．rules B．luck C．time D．ideas 2．推测文章的观点或结论

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推测文章的观点或结论的语言表达形式有：
（1）It can be inferred from the passage that ．
（2）What conclusion can be drawn from the passage？ （3）From the passage we can conclude that ．
这类问题问的不一定是全文的中心思想或作者的全部观点，而可能只是文章中的某一观点。但要推测出文中的某一观点，仍离不开对全文主要观点或中心思想的把握。

『叁』 英语阅读里的推理题遵循的是什么样的逻辑

逻辑推理解题技巧 逻辑推理题主要考查的是应试者的逻辑推理能力。这种题型是在每道题中给出一段陈述，而这段陈述被假设是正确的，不容置疑的。请应试者根据这段陈述从备选答案中选出一个能够从陈述中直接推出的结论。 逻辑推理题涉及自然和社会生活的各个领域，强调对逻辑关系的正确把握，考察应试者对各种信息的理解、分析、综合、判断、推理等思维能力，题目虽有一定的难度，但考生应注意的是，这部分并不专门考察逻辑学及各个领域的专门知识，其面对所有考生，坚持“一视同仁”原则，考查的只是考生的一种基本的逻辑思维能力。聚考网根据历年考试经验总结出了解答逻辑推理题的五个原则，希望考生对提高逻辑推理题解题技巧有帮助。 1. 问题先于题干原则。 先看问题再读题干陈述，逻辑判断题根据题目中问法的不同可以分成几大类，因此，阅读题干前先看问题，根据问题判断属于哪一类题型，再带着问题阅读题干陈述部分可以很快理清思路，找出正确答案。 2. 紧扣题干答题原则。 题目陈述部分是整个题目的精髓所在，应坚持紧扣题干答题原则，不可随意加入个人的主观臆断。因为逻辑判断题其前提与结论之间有着必然的联系，结论决不能超出前提所规定的范围。因此，应试者在答题的时候，必须严格按照题目给出的陈述假设来进行推理，不能因觉得给出的陈述假设不太合乎常理，或与自己已有的知识、经验有偏差而忽视题目中所陈述的事实，并随意掺入个人的看法和观点，这样的话很容易选错答案。 3. 题干前提为主原则。 当试题的备选项具有很强的迷惑性，每个选项看起来都有道理，令应试者很难做答时，应试者应坚持“题干前提为主”的原则，选项看起来有道理并不等于与题目给出的前提陈述直接相关，正确的选项应该从前提陈述直接推出，当某个选项的论述是正确的，但不能从短文陈述中直接推导出来时，应排除这个选项。 4. 化繁为简原则。 在遇到比较复杂的判断推理题的时候，可以把需要推理的内容借助符号、图形、表格等形式直观化，可以帮助应试者快速、准确进行选择。例如：做三段论题型时用画圈的方法（即欧拉图）；做关系推理题时可以画表格等。 5. 巧用方法原则。 要根据题目的特点，充分利用解答选择题常用的方法——排除法、代入法。因为利用这两种方法很多时候都无须让推理进行到底，很多情况下在推理的过程中就已经排除掉了三项，这样在帮助考生选择出正确答案的同时也节省了很多时间。另外，当逻辑判断涉及数学问题时，思路要拓宽，要敢于借用数学方法（例如：计算法）来解题，不要认为逻辑判断题就不能用数学方法来解题。

『肆』 求高中英语阅读理解的专项练习题，比如：主旨大意题，细节题，推理题，文章结构题等，谢谢

那要看你是哪个地区的考生了，自己子啊网上一搜高考试题，全出来了。可以自己挑选需要的。

『伍』 急需适合高中生的英语阅读理解题。

A traveller was once staying in a village of another country. One day, she held uo her camera to take pictures of the children at paly. Suddenly the young ones began to shout in protest.
The traveller’ face turned red and she said she was sorry to the leader for what she was doing, and told him she had forgotten that people in some places thought a peraon would lose his soul if his picture were taken. She explained to him the operation of a camera for a long time. Several times the leader tried to say something, but he couldn’t.
When she was sure she had put the leader’s fear to reat, the traveller then let him speak. With a smile, he said,”The children were trying to tell you that you forgot to take off the lens cap!”
1. The children shouted when the traveller was taking pictures of them because ______.
A. they didn’t want to have their pictures taken
B. the traveller was not operating her camera well
C. they didn’t want to stop playing
D. the traveller forgot to take off the cap on her head
2.The traveller said that she was sorry to the leader because ______.
A. she thought it was not right to take people’s pictures without telling them beforehand
B .the children would lose their souls
C. she had stayed in the village too long
D. she didn’t take a picture of the leader first
3. The traveller explained to the leader how to use a camera because ______.
A. the leader wanted to learn how to take pictures
B. she was afraid of the leader
C. she wanted the leader not to worry about what she was doing
D. the leader was very interested in her camera
4. When the head smiled, it was clear that ______.
A. the traveller didn’t let him speak
B. the children wanted to play with her
C. he wanted the traveller to tell him something else
D. the traveller didn’t know what the children meant
5. Which of the following is not true?
A. The leader was afraid that the traveller’s camera would hurt the children.
B. The traveller didn’t understand why the children shouted.
C. The traveller knew something about people in some countries.
D. The children wouldn’t mind if the traveller took pictures of them.

A

It was Sunday. Mrs. Read got up early in the morning. She had some housework to do. After breakfast she had a look at the watch and found it didn’t work. She bought it ten years ago, so she wanted to buy a new one. Her daughter Sue was only four. Her husband was busy with his work that day and nobody looked after the girl, she couldn’t leave her at home. So she took Sue to the nearest shop in the town.

It was fine that day and there were a lot of people in the shop. Mrs. Read and her daughter went upstairs and they got to the third floor and she began to pick a watch there. But when she bought one, she couldn’t find Sue. She ran to the manager’s office and asked for help. Mr. King began to go up and down to look for the little girl with her.

Suddenly the woman heard someone calling, “Kate” She found it was her daughter. How happy she and the girl were!

“Whose name did you call, dear?” asked the woman.

“Yours.”

“Why not call ‘Mother?’”

“There are lots of mothers in the shop,” said the girl. “Which mother answered me?”

( ) 1. Mrs. Read got up early to ______ that Sunday.

A. buy a new watch B. do some housework

C. helped her husband D. take her daughter to the shop

( ) 2. Mrs. Read went to the nearest shop because ______.

A. she hoped to go back soon B. she know the manager there

C. the things were cheap there D. she was too tired to go further

( ) 3. Sue left her mother _______.

A. when they went to the shop B. when they reached the shop

C. when Mrs. Read was picking a watch D. when they came out of the shop

( ) 4. What was the woman’s name?

A. Her name was Kate Read B. Her name was Sue Read

C. Her name was Kate King D. Her name was Sue King

( ) 5. The girl called her mother’s name because ______.

A. she didn’t like her B. she couldn’t find her

C. she didn’t know where she was D. she could easily find her

B

Many years ago, in a small town, there lived a doctor. He was good and kind. At any time of day and night, he was always ready to go and help sick people. Everyone in the town liked him and people always went to him when they were sick.

But many years went past and the doctor became old. He began to lose memory. This made him do foolish things sometimes. When people noticed this, they didn’t go to him any more.

“He may give us the wrong medicine,” they said and they were afraid.

“Why does no one come to see me now?” he wondered. But no one wanted to tell him because they didn’t want to hurt the good old man, so they said “You have cured all the sick people in the town. There is no one sick now.” The doctor was pleased when he heard that and they went away happily.

( ) 1. The doctor lived _______.

A. in a city B. in a village C. in a hospital D. in a town

( ) 2. People didn’t go to the doctor any more because ______.

A. he might give them wrong medicine B. he didn’t want to see them

C. they were afraid of him D. he didn’t want to cure them

( ) 3. When the doctor heard what people said, he _______.

A. was worried B. was pleased C. was surprised D. was sorry

( ) 4. The doctor _______.

A. was not kind to the sick people B. believed what the people told him

C. always gave the sick wrong medicine D. was quite foolish

( ) 5. Why didn’t people tell the truth to the doctor?

A. Because they didn’t need to tell him the truth.

B. Because the doctor didn’t like to listen to them.

C. Because they didn’t want to hurt the old doctor.

D. Because they were angry with the doctor.

『陆』 英文逻辑推理题

不知道你想要什么类型的。。。。我有几篇阅读的推理题
1. Nearly one in three subscribers to Financial Forecaster is a millionaire, and over half are in top management. Shouldn’t you subscribe to Financial Forecaster now?A reader who is neither a millionaire nor in top management would be most likely to act in accordance with the advertisement’s suggestion if he or she drew which of the following questionable conclusions invited by the advertisement?
(A) Among finance-related periodicals. Financial Forecaster provides the most detailed financial information.
(B) Top managers cannot do their jobs properly without reading Financial Forecaster.
(C) The advertisement is placed where those who will be likely to read it are millionaires.
(D) The subscribers mentioned were helped to become millionaires or join top management by reading Financial Forecaster.
(E) Only those who will in fact become millionaires, or at least top managers, will read the advertisement.

Questions 2-3 are based on the following.
Contrary to the charges made by some of its opponents, the provisions of the new deficit-rection law for indiscriminate cuts in the federal budget are justified. Opponents should remember that the New Deal pulled this country out of great economic troubles even though some of its programs were later found to be unconstitutional.
2. The author’s method of attacking the charges of certain opponents of the new deficit-rection law is to
(A) attack the character of the opponents rather than their claim
(B) imply an analogy between the law and some New Deal programs
(C) point out that the opponents’ claims imply a dilemma
(D) show that the opponents’ reasoning leads to an absurd conclusion
(E) show that the New Deal also called for indiscriminate cuts in the federal budget
3. The opponents could effectively defend their position against the author’s strategy by pointing out that
(A) the expertise of those opposing the law is outstanding
(B) the lack of justification for the new law does not imply that those who drew it up were either inept or immoral
(C) the practical application of the new law will not entail indiscriminate budget cuts
(D) economic troubles present at the time of the New Deal were equal in severity to those that have led to the present law
(E) the fact that certain flawed programs or laws have improved the economy does not prove that every such program can do so

4. In Millington, a city of 50,000 people, Mercedes Pedrosa, a realtor, calculated that a family with Millington’s median family income, $28,000 a year, could afford to buy Millington’s median-priced $77,000 house. This calculation was based on an 11.2 percent mortgage interest rate and on the realtor’s assumption that a family could only afford to pay up to 25 percent of its income for housing.
Which of the following corrections of a figure appearing in the passage above, if it were the only correction that needed to be made, would yield a new calculation showing that even incomes below the median family income would enable families in Millington to afford Millington’s median-priced house?
(A) Millington’s total population was 45,000 people.
(B) Millington’s median annual family income was $27,000.
(C) Millington’s median-priced house cost $80,000.
(D) The rate at which people in Millington had to pay mortgage interest was only 10 percent.
(E) Families in Millington could only afford to pay up to 22 percent of their annual income for housing.

5. Psychological research indicates that college hockey and football players are more quickly moved to hostility and aggression than are college athletes in noncontact sports such as swimming. But the researchers’ conclusion—that contact sports encourage and teach participants to be hostile and aggressive—is untenable. The football and hockey players were probably more hostile and aggressive to start with than the swimmers.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion drawn by the psychological researchers?
(A) The football and hockey players became more hostile and aggressive ring the season and remained so ring the off-season, whereas there was no increase in aggressiveness among the swimmers.
(B) The football and hockey players, but not the swimmers, were aware at the start of the experiment that they were being tested for aggressiveness.
(C) The same psychological research indicated that the football and hockey players had a great respect for cooperation and team play, whereas the swimmers were most concerned with excelling as indivial competitors.
(D) The research studies were designed to include no college athletes who participated in both contact and noncontact sports
(E) Throughout the United States, more incidents of fan violence occur at baseball games than occur at hockey or football games.

另外多说一句 四六级不考逻辑题。。。。不知道你要这干什么

1. D 2. B 3. E 4. D 5. A

『柒』 英语阅读理解推断题

不要钻牛角尖，放开思维，大胆去想
一、阅读英文文章的技巧
1、扩大阅读视野
所谓阅读视野是指眼睛在“凝视”的瞬间所能接收或覆盖的印刷符号。普通读者眼睛停顿时可接收两个英语单词，阅读能力强的读者一眼可以看四个左右的单词，但能力差的读者一眼只能接收一个或者不到一个的单词。因此，在相等的阅读时间里，视野狭窄的读者所看到的单词要少得多，如果再经常复视，读速肯定快不了。
我们阅读时应该特别注意词的整体性，要把注意力放在句子中较大的单位上，而不要放在一个个孤立的单词上。例如，下面的句子可以分成三个词群，Most paragraphs/ have a topic sentence/ which expresses the central idea.我们不妨将它们作为三个相对独立的整体看待，阅读时，眼睛只要停顿三次而不是十次。
2、用英语思考
在阅读时，不必把英文翻译成中文，否则将大大地降低阅读速度，从而影响对阅读材料的全面理解。
3、注意预读
预读是每个读者必须掌握的一项基本阅读技巧。在我们正式阅读一本书之前，首先应该通过预读粗略地估计一下该书写的是什么内容。书籍预读主要包括以下七个方面(1)思考标题的含义(2)速读作者姓名与书籍出版日期(3)看看封面或书中的照片或插图(4)速读目录内容(5)浏览索引或附录(6)速读作者简介以及前言(7)浏览书尾的参考书目。
短篇文章预读要相对地简单一些。它主要包括阅读标题、作者姓名以及照片和插图。有些读者不知道预读的重要性，或者觉得它是浪费时间。特别是在做阅读与理解测试题时，时间一紧，他们就忽略预读，捧起文章就埋头看正文。由于跳过了预读这一重要环节，他们的阅读在相当长的时间内是在盲目的探索中进行的。
4、增强猜词能力

『捌』 高中英语阅读理解的细节推断题怎么做

在读文章前半段的时候就要尽可能的理解文章，然后才具备一定的能力去推断，千万不要忽视前半段的内容。